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Chemical probe systems for assessing liquid–liquid mixing efficiencies of reactors

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Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2023年第10期17卷 1323-1335页

作者： Yi-Dong Zhang Chun-Liu Zhang Liang-Liang Zhang Bao-Chang Sun Guang-Wen Chu Jian-Feng Chen Research Center of the Ministry of Education for High Gravity Engineering and Technology Beijing University of Chemical TechnologyBeijing 100029China State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites Beijing University of Chemical TechnologyBeijing 100029China

liquid-liquid mixing,including homogeneous and heterogeneous mixing,widely exists in the chemical *** to quantitatively characterize the mixing performance is important for reactor assessment and *** a convenient and direct method for mixing characterization,the chemical probe method uses some special test reactions to characterize the mixing ***,the working principle and selection requirements of this method are introduced,and some common chemical probe systems for homogeneous and heterogeneous mixing processes are *** characteristics and applications of these systems are ***,the development of the new system is proposed.

关键词： mixing chemical probe liquid-liquid heterogeneous

Using cyclic liquid-liquid extraction method for isolation and identification of relative compounds during lignin biodegradation

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 1999年第6期42卷 644-651页

作者：黄峰高培基陈嘉翔 State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology Shandong University State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering South China University of Technology

By using the cyclic liquid-liquid extraction method the lignin biodegradated derivatives can be effectively extracted from the effluent liquors in ligninolytic enzymes treated kraft pulps. More than forty compounds were identified from the extractives by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis. The result showed that lignin is treated with different ligninolytic enzymes, and the composition and content of the extractives differ obviously. These results suggest that the cyclic liquid-liquid extraction method can be used effectively as one new technique for the study of lignin biodegrada-tion mechanisms.

关键词： cyclic liquid-liquid extraction lignin biodegradation GC-MS structure analysis.

Simulation of drop breakage in liquid–liquid system by coupling of CFD and PBM: Comparison of breakage kernels and effects of agitator configurations

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2019年第5期27卷 1001-1014页

作者： Rui Xie Jun Li Yang Jin Da Zou Ming Chen Department of Chemical Engineering Sichuan University

This work focuses on drop breakage for liquid-liquid system with an adoption of numerical simulation by using computational fluid dynamics and population balance model (PBM) coupled with two-fluid model (TFM). Two different breakage kernels based on identical breakage mechanism but different descriptions of breaking time are take n into account in this work. Eight cases corresp on ding to distinct configurations of agitator are carried out to validate numerical predictions, namely agitators with different porosity and hole diameters, respectively implemented in Cases 1 to 5 and Cases 6 to 8. The results are compared with experimental data for testing the applicability of both kernels. Simulations are implemented, in this work, with an approach of class method for the solution of population balance model by the special-purpose computational fluid dynamics solver Fluent 16.1 based on finite volume method, and the grids used for meshing the solution domain are accomplished in a commercial software Gambit 2.4.6. The effects of configurations of agitator corresponding to different parameters mentioned above on final Sauter mean diameter are equally concentrated in this work. Analysis of both kernels and comparisons with experimental results reveal that, the second kernel has more decent agreement with experiments, and the results of investigations on effects of agitator configurations show that the in fluences of these parameters on Sauter mean diameter are marginal, but appropriate porosity and hole diameter are actually able to decrease Sauter mean diameter. These outcomes allow us to draw general conclusions and help investigate performances of liquid-liquid system.

关键词： Stirred vessel liquid-liquid system Computational fluid dynamics Population balance model Breakage kernel Agitator configuration

Salt effect on the liquid–liquid equilibrium of the ternary (water + phenol + methyl isobutyl ketone) system: Experimental data and correlation

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2019年第1期27卷 168-173页

作者： Yun Chen Kangning Xiong Shuai Shen Huimin Wang Shaoming Zhou Libo Li Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering South China University of Technology State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering South China University of Technology

The effects of NaCl, KCl and Na_2SO_4 on the liquid–liquid equilibrium(LLE) data for the ternary system, water+ phenol + methyl isobutyl ketone, were determined at 0.101 MPa and 333.15 K and 343.15 *** nonrandom two-liquid(NRTL) model was used to correlate the experimental data and to yield corresponding binary interaction parameters for these salt containing *** Hand and Othmer–Tobias equations were used to confirm the dependability of the determined LLE data in this *** coefficient and selectivity were used to evaluate the extraction performance of methyl isobutyl ketone with the existence of *** magnitude of salt effect on the water + phenol + methyl isobutyl ketone(MIBK) system is in the following order: Na_2SO_4>NaCl>KCl.

关键词： liquid-liquid equilibrium Methyl isobutyl ketone Salt effect Phenol

The effect of the interaction between the minority phase droplets on the nucleation behavior during the liquid-liquid phase transformation

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2007年第4期50卷 467-471页

作者： ZHAO JiuZhou LI HaiLi HE Jie Institute of Metal Research Chinese Academy of SciencesShenyang 110016China

The microstructure evolution during the liquid-liquid phase transformation of Al-Pb alloy was calculated. The numerical results indicate that the interaction between the minority phase droplets has effect on the nucle... 详细信息

关键词： liquid-liquid phase transformation nucleation microstructure development

Numerical simulation of the liquid-liquid phase separation and microstructure evolution of Al-In immiscible alloys during cooling

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Journal of Harbin Institute of Technology(New Series) 2002年第2期9卷 149-154页

作者：苏彦庆崔红保郭景杰刘源贾均傅恒志 School of Materials Science and Engineering Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin 150001 China ***

A numerical model has been developed to describe the microstructural evolution of Al In immiscible alloys through the miscibility gap. The model considers the common action of nucleation, diffusible growth, Brownian collision and motion collision between the second phase droplets. The simulation results are dynamically visualized and show that the volume fraction, distribution and size of the second phase droplets satisfactorily agree with the experimental results. So the model can be used to predict the microstructural evolution of Al In immiscible alloys during the cooling process.

关键词： Al-In immiscible alloy numerical simulation microstructure liquid-liquid phase separation process visualization

STUDY ON DYE TRANSFER ACROSS THE liquid-liquid INTERFACE

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Chinese Science Bulletin 1989年第8期34卷 651-656页

作者：孙志胜汪尔康 Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry Academia Sinica

I. INTRODUCTIONStudies on the electrochemical phenomena at the liquid-liquid interface are a developing area in electrochemistry and electroanalytical chemistry. The exploration for new ion transfer systems is very important in the development of this area. Dyes are a large group of reagents used widely in analytical chemistry. But no paper deals with the tran,fer processes of dyes at the liquid-liquid (L/L) interface so far.

关键词： ion transfer liquid-liquid interface dye voltammetry.

liquid-liquid extraction pretreatment samples method used for pharmacokinetic study of rhubarb in rats after oral administrated

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Journal of Traditional Chinese Medical Sciences 2018年第3期5卷 291-301页

作者： Hongmei Lin Longfei Lin Lingyan Xu Yuanping Xie Zhenzhen Xia Qing Wu Department of TCM Pharmaceutics School of Chinese Materia MedicaBeijing University of Chinese MedicineBeijingChina Institute of Chinese Materia Medica China Academy of Chinese Medical SciencesBeijingChina

Objective:Pretreatment of biological samples is the most critical step in pharmacokinetic studies,especially pre-treatment of plasma *** pretreatment of biological samples in pharmacokinetic study of Traditional Chinese Medicines (TCM) is difficult due to the complexity of the *** organic solvent system ethyl acetate:acetone (10:1) solution used for liquid-liquid extraction has been developed in this study and compared with the commonly used protein precipitation ***:Rats,Beagle dogs and humans plasma samples were adopted in this study in order to demonstrate the universality of the pretreatment *** of this pretreatment method was also verified through its application to the pharmacokinetics of rhubarb in ***:According to the results of extraction recovery matrix effect,it was indicated that the liquid-liquid extraction methods with new organic solvent might be suitable for variety of structures of compounds and various types of plasma *** pharmacokinetic study result showed that the developed pretreatment method could successfully be used for simultaneous determination of three active compounds modin,emodin-8-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (EDG) and rhein in rat plasma with high sensitivity,accuracy,and recovery by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS).Conclusion:The pretreatment method of liquid-liquid extraction methods with new organic solvent could be successfully applied for multi-component pharmacokinetics of TCM.

关键词： Pretreatment method liquid-liquid extraction Protein precipitation LC-MS/MS Rhubarb

Salting-Out Assisted liquid-liquid Extraction Combined with HPLC for Quantitative Extraction of Trace Multiclass Pesticide Residues from Environmental Waters

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American Journal of Analytical Chemistry 2017年第7期8卷 433-448页

作者： Yosef Alemayehu Teshome Tolcha Negussie Megersa Department of Environmental Science College of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences University of South Africa Pretoria South Africa Department of Chemistry College of Natural and Computational Sciences Addis Ababa University Addis Ababa Ethiopia

In this study, salting-out assisted liquid-liquid extraction combined with high performance liquid chromatography diode array detector (SALLE-HPLC-DAD) method was developed and validated for simultaneous analysis of carbaryl, atrazine, propazine, chlorothalonil, dimethametryn and terbutryn in environmental water samples. Parameters affecting the extraction efficiency such as type and volume of extraction solvent, sample volume, salt type and amount, centrifugation speed and time, and sample pH were optimized. Under the optimum extraction conditions the method was linear over the range of 10 - 100 μg/L (carbaryl), 8 - 100 μg/L (atarzine), 7 - 100 μg/L (propazine) and 9 - 100 μg/L (chlorothalonil, terbutryn and dimethametryn) with correlation coefficients (R2) between 0.99 and 0.999. Limits of detection and quantification ranged from 2.0 to 2.8 μg/L and 6.7 to 9.5 μg/L, respectively. The extraction recoveries obtained for ground, lake and river waters were in a range of 75.5% to 106.6%, with the intra-day and inter-day relative standard deviation lower than 3.4% for all the target analytes. All of the target analytes were not detected in these samples. Therefore, the proposed SALLE-HPLC-DAD method is simple, rapid, cheap and environmentally friendly for the determination of the aforementioned herbicides, insecticide and fungicide residues in environmental water samples.

关键词： Environmental Waters High Performance liquid Chromatography Salting-Out Assisted liquid-liquid Extraction Southern Ethiopia Trace Multiclass Pesticide Residues