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Characterization of neutral lipases revealed the tissue-specific triacylglyceroi hydrolytic activity in Nilaparvata lugens

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Insect Science 2023年第3期30卷 693-704页

作者： Hui-Hui Zhang Bao-Jun Yang Yong Wu Hao-Li Gao Xu-Min Lin Jian-Zheng Zou Ze-Wen Liu Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests(Ministry of Education) College of Plant ProtectionNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjingChina Rice Technology Research and Development Center China National Rice Research InstituteHangzhouChina

The lipid metabolism plays an essential role in the development andreproduction of insects, and lipases are important enzymes in lipid metabolism. In Nilaparvatalugens, an important insect pest on rice, triacylglycerol hydrolytic activities weredifferent among tissues, with high activity in integument, ovary, and fat body, but low activityin intestine. To figure out the tissue-specific triacylglycerol hydrolytic activity, weidentified 43 lipases in N. lugens. Of these 43 lipases, 23 belonged to neutral lipases, sothis group was selected to perform further experiments on triacylglycerol hydrolysis. Thecomplete motifs of catalytic triads, β9 loop, and lid motif, are required for the triacylglycerolhydrolytic activity in neutral lipases, which were found in some neutral lipases withhigh gene expression levels in integument and ovary, but not in intestine. The recombinantproteins of 3 neutral lipases with or without 3 complete motifs were obtained, and the activitydetermination confirmed the importance of 3 motifs. Silencing XM_022331066.1,which is highly expressed in ovary and with 3 complete motifs, significantly decreasedthe egg production and hatchability of N. lugens, partially through decline of the lipidmetabolism. In summary, at least one-third of important motifs were incomplete in allneutral lipases with high gene expression in intestine, which could partially explain whythe lipase activity in intestine was much lower than that in other tissues. The low activityto hydrolyze triacylglycerol in N. lugens intestine might be associated with its food resourceand nutrient components, and the ovary-specific neutral lipases were important forN. lugens reproduction.

关键词： lipases neutral lipases Nilaparvata lugens reproduction triacylglycerol hydrolytic activity

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Gastric and small intestinal lipid digestion kinetics as affected by the gradual addition of lipases and bile salts

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Food Bioscience 2022年第2期46卷 781-792页

作者： S.H.E Verkempinck J.M.Guevara-Zambrano M.R.Infantes-Garcia M.C.Naranjo R.Soliva-Fortuny P.Elez-Martínez T.Grauwet KU Leuven Department of Microbial and Molecular Systems M2SLaboratory of Food Technology and Leuven Food Science and Nutrition Research Centre LFoRCeKasteelpark Arenberg 23PB 24573001LeuvenBelgium University of Lleida Department of Food TechnologyAgrotecnio CenterAv.Alcalde Rovira Roure 19125198LleidaSpain

We studied the effect of evolving from static in vitro digestion conditions towards the gradual addition of essential digestive compounds for lipid digestion.Two oil-in-water emulsions were considered:a low(5%w/w)and high(20%w/w)triolein-based emulsion with identical surfactant-to-oil ratio(0.2).Emulsions were subjected to in vitro static digestion conditions or gradual gastric lipase addition,gradual pancreatic lipase addition,and/or gradual bile salt addition.For these three latter cases,similar amounts of gastric/pancreatic lipase and/or bile salts were provided as in the static case,however divided over 4 doses added during the first 30 min of each digestive phase.For the low-lipid emulsion,gradually adding lipases and bile salts did not significantly affect lipolysis kinetics.This can be related to the sufficient amounts of digestive compounds present even in the smallest initial dose.For the high-lipid emulsion,the gradual addition of bile salts significantly reduced the lipolysis rate.Bile salts are essential to remove lipid digestion products from the interface and thus allow the continuation of the lipid digestion process at the interface.Oppositely,the lipolysis extent after 2 h of small intestinal phase was not significantly influenced by the digestion approach.This is again explained by the simple nature of the emulsions studied and the excess of lipase even in the smallest initial dose.Overall,this work showed that evolving towards more(semi-)dynamic digestion conditions can impact(lipid)digestion kinetics,even for relatively simple food compositions,and is of interest to obtain more physiological relevant digestion kinetics.

关键词： Kinetics In vitro digestion Microemulsions Lipid digestion lipases Bile salts

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Monoacylglycerol lipase inhibitors: modulators for lipid metabolism in cancer malignancy,neurological and metabolic disorders

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2020年第4期10卷 582-602页

作者： Hui Deng Weimin Li Precision Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province&Precision Medicine Center West China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengdu 610041China

Monoacylglycerol lipase(MAGL)is a serine hydrolase that plays a crucial role catalysing the hydrolysis of monoglycerides into glycerol and fatty acids.It links the endocannabinoid and eicosanoid systems together by degradation of the abundant endocannabinoid 2-arachidaoylglycerol into arachidonic acid,the precursor of prostaglandins and other inflammatory mediators.MAGL inhibitors have been considered as important agents in many therapeutic fields,including anti-nociceptive,anxiolytic,antiinflammatory,and even anti-cancer.Currently,ABX-1431,a first-in-class inhibitor of MAGL,is entering clinical phase 2 studies for neurological disorders and other diseases.This review summarizes the diverse(patho)physiological roles of MAGL and will provide an overview on the development of MAGL inhibitors.Although a large number of MAGL inhibitors have been reported,novel inhibitors are still required,particularly reversible ones.

关键词： Monoacylglycerol lipases 2-Arachidaoylglycerol Arachidonic acid Drug discovery Cancer Neuroinflammation Metabolic syndrome

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酶法拆分(±)-N-(2,6-二甲苯基)-丙氨酸甲酯

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有机化学 2005年第12期25卷 1575-1579页

作者：黄丽琴陈道文杨红南京农业大学理学院南京210095

用脂肪酶Candidarugosalipase(CRL)拆分(±)-N-(2,6-二甲苯基)-丙氨酸甲酯,并进一步优化反应条件.结果表明,在加入1mmolN-(2,6-二甲苯基)-丙氨酸甲酯、100mL的0.2mol/L磷酸缓冲液中,CRL拆分该底物的最适反应条件为:pH6.4,CRL脂酶250mg,聚乙二醇(PEG)2g,转速160r?min-1,温度35℃.其中酶量、温度对转化率影响较大.反应后分离得R-(+)-N-(2,6-二甲苯基)-丙氨酸甲酯.它和酰氯反应可制备一系列旋光性N-酰基丙氨酸类杀菌剂.

关键词： N-(2,6-二甲苯基)-丙氨酸甲酯 Candida rugosa lipases 拆分转化率反应速度

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Enzymes of Entomopathogenic Fungi, Advances and Insights

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Advances in Enzyme Research 2014年第2期2卷 65-76页

作者： Lluvia de Carolina Sánchez-Pérez Juan Esteban Barranco-Florido Silvia Rodríguez-Navarro José Francisco Cervantes-Mayagoitia Miguel ángel Ramos-López Departamento de Producción Agrícola y Animal Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana México City México Departamento de Sistemas Biológicos Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana México City México Facultad de Química Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro Querétaro México

Entomopathogenic fungi (EF) are recognized biological control agents of insects. Basically, the entomopathogenic fungi pathogen activity depends on the ability of its enzymatic equipment, consisting of lipases, proteases and chitinases, which are in charge of breaking down the insect’s integument. lipases are the first enzymes synthesized by the entomopathogenic fungi. Recently, a cytochrome P450 subfamily, referred as CYP52XI and MrCYP52 has been identified in Beauveria bassiana and Metarhizium robertsii, respectively. These break down long-chain alkenes and fatty acids to become initial nutrients. Subsequently, subtilisin type (Pr1) proteases sintetize;these enzymes are considered as virulence indicators and they are regulated by a signal transduction mechanism activated by the protein kinase A (PKA) mediated by AMPc. Through the employment of genetic engineering, it has been possible to increase virulence producing Pr1 recombinants with Androctonus australis neurotoxins or with chitinases, reducing the insect’s time of death. In the course of time, the Pr1 protease gene has presented evolutionary adaptations by gene duplication or horizontal transfer infecting different orders of insects. In the same way, the entomopathogenic fungi chitinases have presented a functional diversification. Currently, these have been phylogenetically classified into three subgroups, in accordance to the catalytic site domain and the chitin binding domain. The chitinolytic activity has increased through a directed evolution processes and genetic recombination with Bombyx mori chitinase. Recently, enzymes have been employed as control agents for insects and phytopathogenic fungi (disease originator) opening new potentialities in order to improve the entomopathogenic fungi use. Solid state fermentation is a bioprocess that would produce at great scale enzymes and some other metabolites in grade of increasing the entomopathogenic fungi virulence, in the control of insects and potentially in some diseases affecting plants.

关键词： lipases Proteases Chitinases Host Evolution Biocontrol Agent

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Serum Lipase in Pulmonary Tuberculosis Patients in Kinshasa—A Hospital Based Study

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Journal of Tuberculosis Research 2018年第2期6卷 156-165页

作者： M. K. Mbelu J. J. Malemba B. Kabengele J. M. Kayembe D. N. Kayembe Laboratory of Clinical Biology Department of Medical Biology University Hospital of Kinshasa Kinshasa Democratic Republic of Congo Department of Internal Medicine University Hospital of Kinshasa Kinshasa Democratic Republic of Congo

Context: The increase of serum lipase is established for pancreatic and bile duct disorders. However, the production of this enzyme by other organs, including the lungs, leads to the question of its potential role in the diagnosis of other conditions including lung diseases. Objective: The aim of the present study was to describe the profile of serum lipase in patients who suffered from the pulmonary tuberculosis and to identify its determinants. Patients and methods: A cross-sectional study was performed from July to October 2013 in four hospitals of Kinshasa (The University Hospital of Kinshasa, Lisanga medical Center and 2 medical centers of Save Army). Patients who suffered from tuberculosis were included. The levels of serum lipase, triglyceridemia, cholesterolemia, c-reactive protein were noted, as so as the hemogram profile and the prescribed treatment (category and phase). Results: One hundred and twenty-eight patients suffering from pulmonary tuberculosis were included. Forty three women (33.6%) and 85 men (66.4%). The sex ratio M/F was 1:9. Hyperlipasemia was observed in 44.5% of patients. The average level of serum lipase was 36.6 ± 5.0 IU/L (normal value: ≤ 38 IU/L) in tuberculosis patients and 30 ± 2.3 IU/L in controls The lipid profile of the patients was normal. Conclusion: L Hyperlipasemia can be encountered, in varying proportions, during pulmonary tuberculosis. It would be an indication of inflammation of the pulmonary parenchyma.

关键词： Pulmonary Tuberculosis Serum lipases Kinshasa

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Lipase Immobilized on Magnetic Nanoparticles: A New Tool for Synthesis of Disulphide Compounds

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Green and Sustainable Chemistry 2015年第1期5卷 25-30页

作者： Vennapusa Haritha Harshadas Mitaram Meshram Adari Bhaskar Rao Medicinal Chemistry & Pharmacology CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology Hyderabad India

The study describes chemo-enzymatic synthesis of organic disulphide compounds. The reaction was initiated by hydrolysis of thiol acetates using hydrolytic enzyme lipase (PPL) immobilized on to magnetic nanoparticles and subsequent formation of organic disulphide compounds. Lipase was immobilized on to the magnetic nanoparticles by co-precipitation method via epichlorohydrin chitosan cross-linking, under mild and eco-friendly conditions. The immobilized lipase enzyme exhibited broad range of substrate specificity in synthesizing disulphide compounds, which involves both intra and inter-molecular disulphide bond formation under anaerobic conditions. The disulphide compounds synthesized also show a promising antimicrobial activity.

关键词： Magnetic Nanoparticles lipases Oxidative Coupling Disulphide Compounds Antimicrobial

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A Study on Ethanolysis and Methanolysis of Coconut Oil for Enzymatically Catalyzed Production of Biodiesel

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Journal of Sustainable Bioenergy Systems 2014年第4期4卷 215-224页

作者： Livia M. O. Ribeiro Albanise E. Silva Margarete C. S. Silva Renata M. R. G. Almeida Tecnology Center Federal University of Alagoas Avenida Lourival Melo Mota Tabuleiro do Martins Maceió Brazil

Biodiesel production by enzymatic catalysis has been the subject of much research for developing processes that can potentially compete with other types of catalysis. The objective of this study was to investigate the variables that influenced the transesterification of coconut oil catalyzed by immobilized lipase for biodiesel production. A full 24 factorial design with the variables tempera-ture (40°C - 60°C), enzyme concentration (3% - 7%), oil-ethanol ratio (1:6 - 1:10) and alcohol type (methanol-ethanol) was performed. The best conversion result (80.5%) was obtained using ethanol with a higher temperature, molar ratio and enzyme concentration. The obtained yields showed that the results attained with ethanol were more significant when compared with methanol.

关键词： Biodiesel Methanol Ethanol lipases

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