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A short climatology of black and brown carbon and their sources at a suburban site impacted by smoke in Brazil

Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第2期136卷 498-511页

作者： Admir Creso Targino Patricia Krecl Gabriel Yoshikazu Oukawa Eva Maria Mollinedo Graduate Program in Environmental Engineering Federal University of TechnologyAv.Pioneiros 3131LondrinaPR 86036-370Brazil Department of Environmental Engineering Federal University of TechnologyAv.Pioneiros 3131LondrinaPR 86036-370Brazil

Emissions from biomass burning challenge efforts to curb air pollution in cities downwind of fire-prone regions,as they contribute large amounts of brown carbon(Br C)and black carbon(BC)particles.We investigated the patterns of Br C and BC concentrations using Aethalometer data(atλ=370 and 880 nm,respectively)spanning four years at a site impacted by the outflow of smoke.The data required to be post processed for the shadowing effect since,without correction,concentrations would be between 29%and 35%underestimated.The Br C concentrations were consistently higher than the BC concentrations,indicating the prevalence of aerosols from biomass burning.The results were supported by the Angstrom coefficient(A_(370/880)),with values predominantly larger than 1(mean±standard deviation:1.25±0.31).A_(370/880)values below 1 were more prevalent during the wet season,which suggests a contribution from fossil fuel combustion.We observed sharp Br C and BC seasonal signals,with mean minimum concentrations of 0.40μg/m^(3)and 0.36μg/m^(3),respectively,in the wet season,and mean maximum concentrations of 2.05μg/m^(3)and 1.53μg/m^(3)in the dry season.The largest concentrations were observed when northerly air masses moved over regions with a high density of fire spots.Local burning of residential solid waste and industrial combustion caused extreme Br C and BC concentrations under favourable wind directions.Although neither pollutant is included in any ambient air quality standards,our results suggest that transboundary smoke may hamper efforts to meet the World Health Organization guidelines for fine particles.

关键词： light-absorbing carbonaceous matter Black carbon Wildfires Biomass burning Aethalometer

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