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Systemic regulation of photosynthetic function in maize plants at graining stage under a vertically heterogeneous light environment

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2022年第3期21卷 666-676页

作者： WU Han-yu QIAO Mei-yu ZHANG Wang-feng WANG Ke-ru LI Shao-kun JIANG Chuang-dao Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100093P.R.China Key Laboratory of Oasis Eco-Agriculture Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps/College of AgronomyShihezi UniversityShihezi 832003P.R.China Institute of Crop Sciences Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology and EcologyMinistry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsBeijing 100081P.R.China

To cope with a highly heterogeneous light environment,photosynthesis in plants can be regulated systemically.Currently,the majority of studies are carried out with various plants during the vegetative growth period.As the reproductive sink improves photosynthesis,we wondered how photosynthesis is systemically regulated at the reproductive stage under a vertically heterogeneous light environment in the field.Therefore,changes of light intensity within canopy,chlorophyll content,gas exchange,and chlorophyll a fluorescence transient were carefully investigated at the graining stage of maize under various planting densities.In this study,a high planting density of maize drastically reduced the light intensities in the lower canopy,and increased the difference in vertical light distribution within the canopy.With the increase of vertical heterogeneity,chlorophyll content,light-saturated photosynthetic rate and the quantum yield of electron transport in the ear leaf(EL) and the fourth leaf below the ear(FLBE) were decreased gradually,and the ranges of declines in these parameters were larger at FLBE than those at EL.Leaves in the lower canopy were shaded artificially to further test these results.Partial shading(PS) resulted in a vertically heterogeneous light environment and enhanced the differences in photosynthetic characteristics between EL and FLBE.Removing the tassel and top leaves(RTL) not only improved the vertical light distribution within the canopy,but also reduced the differences in photosynthetic characteristics between the two leaves.Taken together,these results demonstrated that maize plants could enhance the vertical heterogeneity of their photosynthetic function to adapt to their light environment;slight changes of the photosynthetic function in EL at the graining stage under a vertically heterogeneous light environment indicated that the systemic regulation of photosynthesis is weak at the graining stage.

关键词： light environment photosynthesis gas exchange chlorophyll a fluorescence transient reproductive growth

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Influences of open-central canopy on photosynthetic parameters and fruit quality of apples(Malus×domestica)in the Loess Plateau of China

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Horticultural Plant Journal 2022年第2期8卷 133-142页

作者： Lu Lin Zimian Niu Chuangdao Jiang Lu Yu Hongning Wang Meiyu Qiao College of Horticulture Shanxi Agricultural UniversityTaiyuanShanxi 030031China Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100093China Institute of Pomology Shanxi Agricultural UniversityTaiyuanShanxi 030031China

Although open-central canopy(OCC)is popular in apple(Malus×domestica)orchards in Loess Plateau of China,its relevant photosynthetic mechanisms have not been elucidated.In this study,changes in photosynthetically active radiation(PAR),gas exchange,chlorophyll fluorescence quenching and fruit quality in apple trees were measured in OCC and compared with those in the conventional condensed round and large canopy(RLC).Results showed that light intercepted at different orientations was 44%higher by OCC than that by RLC.The improved light environment within OCC remarkably increased leaf maximum net photosynthetic rate(Pnmax)and significantly decreased stomatal limitation.Under high light,the ratio of photorespiratory rate to gross photosynthetic rate(Pr/Pg)in OCC was higher than that in RLC.Moreover,reversible component in non-photochemical quenching(r(qE))was increased,while irreversible component(r(qI))was decreased in OCC than in RLC.As a result,the fruit quality in OCC was greatly boosted as evidenced by the significantly increased single fruit weight,fruit flesh firmness and fruit soluble solid contents and the sharply decreased fruit titratable acid contents.PAR intercepted by the canopy and the fruit soluble solid contents,leaf Pnmaxor single fruit weight were positively correlated,while PAR or Pnmaxwas negatively correlated with the fruit titratable acid contents.Accordingly,the improved crown light environment and the enhanced leaf photosynthetic performance and photoprotective capacity in OCC led to the boosted fruit quality.

关键词： Apple Open-central canopy light environment Photosynthesis Thermal dissipation Photorespiration Fruit quality

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Multi-objective optimization of greenhouse light environment based on NSGA-Ⅱ algorithm

Multi-objective optimization of greenhouse light environment...

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第40届中国控制会议

作者： Qingyun Yuan Tan Liu School of Information ＆ Electrical Engineering Shenyang Agricultural University

It is important to study the optimization and control of greenhouse light environment for improving the production efficiency and economic benefit of greenhouse crops. However, the current optimization methods of greenhouse light environment are mainly to meet the needs of crop photosynthesis, ignoring the cost of energy consumption in the process of light supplement. Therefore, this paper establishes a multi-objective optimization model for optimizing two indices, including the photosynthetic rate of crop and the cost of energy consumption. Meanwhile, aiming at the problem that it is difficult to accurately measure the photosynthetic rate of crop online, an improved least squares support vector machine（LSSVM） is used to establish a soft sensing model of crop photosynthetic rate, which can accurately predict the photosynthetic rate, and the model is introduced into the optimization model. On this basis, a fast elitist non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm（NSGA-II） is used to solve the multi-objective optimization model, and the experimental results show the effectiveness of the model and optimization algorithm.

关键词： light environment Multi-objective optimization Photosynthetic rate LSSVM NSGA-Ⅱ

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INVESTIGATION ABOUT INDOOR light environment OF THREE SCHOOLS IN SUZHOU

INVESTIGATION ABOUT INDOOR LIGHT ENVIRONMENT OF THREE SCHOOL...

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26th Session of the CIE

作者： CHEN Kangli YU Qiuxiang SUN Yisong (environment protection department of University of Science & Technology of Suzhou 215011 Suzhou P.R.China)

＜正＞The indoor light environment of three schools in Suzhou are researched in this paper,bases on the Chinese National Standard“Middle and Elementary Schools Classroom Natural lighting and Illumination Health Stand... 详细信息

关键词： school light environment indoor light pollution

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Biomass allocation and assimilation efficiency of natural Tilia amurensis samplings in response to different light regimes

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Journal of Forestry Research 1999年第2期10卷 69-74页

作者：徐程扬

Biomass allocation and assimilation efficiency of natural Amour linden (Tilia amurensis) samplings in different light regimes were analyzed in the paper. The results showed that shoot increment of samplings in gap was the highest and that of samplings under canopy was the least. Samplings in gap expressed apical dominance strongly but samplings in full sun and under canopy behaved intensive branching. Lateral competition or moderate shading was favored to bole construction. The patters of biomass allocation of samplings in different light environment were rather similar. The biomass translocated to stem was more than that to other organs, and about one half of photosynthate was used to support leaf turn over. On the contrary, photosynthates of samplings in full sun were mostly consumed in leaves bearing and energy balancing. The carbon assimilation for leaves of samplings in gap was the most efficient, and more carbons were fixed and translocated to non-photosynthetic organs, especially to stemwood.

关键词： Tilia amurensis Shoot growth Biomass allocation Assimilation efficiency of leaf light environment

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