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Is intraspecific variation in diet and morphology related to environmental gradients?Exploring liem’s paradox in a cichlid fish

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Integrative Zoology 2010年第3期5卷 241-255页

作者： sandra A.BINNING Lauren J.CHAPMAN Biology Department McGill UniversityMontrealQuebecCanadaH3A 1B1 Wildlife Conservation society BronxNew YorkUSA

Interspecific studies have demonstrated that trophic morphology and ecology are not always tightly matched:a phenomenon rarely reported at the intraspecific *** the present study,we explored relationships among diet,morphology and the environment in a widespread cichlid fish,Astatoreochromis alluaudi(Pellegrin 1904),from 6 sites in southern Uganda to test for evidence of eco-morphological matching at the interdemic *** studies of Astatoreochromis alluaudi have demonstrated developmental plasticity in trophic morphology in response to diet:a mollusk diet produces specimens with large pharyngeal jaws and muscles,whereas a soft-food diet produces smaller pharyngeal jaws and corresponding changes in *** were chosen to maximize variability in environmental variables that might directly or indirectly affect trophic *** found significant differences in pharyngeal jaw and muscle morphology among ***,we found differences in diets among sites:mollusks were found in the stomachs of fish from only 2 populations sampled,despite the presence of mollusks in 5 of the 6 *** trophic morphology did match the observed diet in 2 sites,diet did not correlate with either morphology or environmental variables across sites,nor were environmental variables correlated with morphological variation among *** results suggest that mismatch can occur among different populations of a single species for reasons such as seasonality in resources,developmental plasticity and/or complex indirect *** mechanisms should be further studied in order to better understand the complex relationships between morphological specialization and ecological generalization.

关键词： ecological specialization fish diet liem’s paradox population divergence trophic morphology

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