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Journal of Earth Science 2020年第4期31卷 723-734页

作者： Shenqiang Chen Hanlin Chen School of Earth Sciences Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027China Department of Earth Sciences ETH ZurichZurich 8092Switzerland

In the northwest of the Himalayan-Tibetan Orogen, the ~250 km-long Kongur Shan extensional system in the eastern Pamir was formed during the convergence between the Indian and Asian plates. Tectonic activity of the Kongur Shan normal fault and the Tashkurgan normal fault can help to reveal the origin of east-west extension along the Kongur Shan extensional system. The Kongur Shan fault has been extensively studied, while the Tashkurgan fault calls for systemic research. In this study, low-temperature thermochronology including apatite fission track analysis and apatite and zircon(U-Th)/He analyses is applied to constrain the timing of activity of the Tashkurgan fault. Results indicate that the Tashkurgan fault initiated at 10–5 Ma, and most likely at 6–5 Ma. The footwall of the Tashkurgan fault has been exhumed at an average exhumation rate of 0.6–0.9 mm/a since the initiation of the Tashkurgan fault. Combined with previous research on the Kongur Shan fault, we believe that the origin of east-west extension along the Kongur Shan extensional system was driven by gravitational collapse of over-thickened Pamir crust.

关键词： Pamir late cenozoic extension normal fault low-temperature thermochronology

late cenozoic Stratigraphy and Paleomagnetic Chronology of the Zanda Basin,Tibet, and Records of the Uplift of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2008年第1期82卷 63-72页

作者： MENG Xiangang ZHU Dagang SHAO Zhaogang YANG Chaobin HAN Jianen YU Jia MENG Qingwei LU Rongping Institute of Geomechanics Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences Beijing 100081 China Land and Resources Department of the Tibet Autonomous Region Lhasa 850000 China School of Earth Sciences and Mineral Resources China University of Geosciences Beijing 100083 China

The characteristics of late cenozoic tectonic uplift of the southern margin of the Qinghai- Tibet Plateau may be inferred from fluvio-lacustrine strata in the Zanda basin, Ngari, Tibet. Magnetostratigraphic study shows that the very thick fluvio-lacustrine strata in the basin are 5.89- 0.78 Ma old and that their deposition persisted for 5.11 Ma, i.e. starting at the end of the Miocene and ending at the end of the early Pleistocene, with the Quaternary glacial stage starting in the area no later than 1.58 Ma. Analysis of the sedimentary environment indicates that the Zanda basin on the southern Qinghai-Tibet Plateau began uplift at -5.89 Ma, later than the northern Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. Presence of gravel beds in the Guge and Qangze Formations reflects that strong uplift took place at -5.15 and -2.71 Ma, with the uplift peaking at -2.71 Ma.

关键词： late cenozoic fluvio-lacustrine strata paleomagnetic chronology uplift of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau Zanda basin

NEW MURID RODENTS FROM THE late cenozoic OF YUSHE BASIN, SHANXI

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古脊椎动物学报(中英文） 1992年第1期 29-38+87-88页

作者： Lawrence J.Flynn Harvard University NY Research Associate American Museum of Natural History and Peabody Museum

As scientific collaborators of the Chinese-American joint project "Neogene Rocks and Faunas, Yushe Basin, Shanxi, PRC", the present authors, with William R. Downs, Northern Arizona University, sampled the Yushe microfauna in the fall of 1987 and 1988. The fossil temains were retrieved by surface collection and by wet-sieving bulk quantities of sediment.

关键词： Yushe Basin late cenozoic murids new taxa

Growth of a polymetallic nodule from northwestern continental margin of the South China Sea and its response to changes in paleoceanographical environment of the late cenozoic

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Science China Earth Sciences 2013年第7期56卷 453-463页

作者： ZHANG ZhenGuo DU YuanSheng WU ChangHang FANG NianQiao YANG ShengXiong LIU Jian SONG ChengBing College of Mining Engineering Hebei United University Faculty of Earth Sciences China University of Geosciences Department of Environment Engineering and Chemistry Luoyang Institute of Technology and Science School of Ocean Sciences China University of Geosciences Guangzhou Marine Geological Survey The Ministry of Land and Resources of China

In the northern South China Sea, the accumulation of enormous quantities of terrigenous sediment during cenozoic rendered well-developed polymetallic nodules very rare. In this study, we analyzed a polymetallic nodule from the northwestern conti- nental margin of the South China Sea using microscopic mineralogical observation, electron probes, X-ray diffraction （XRD）, ICP-MS, and Be isotope dating. We found the nodule＇s shell layers rich in different types of microstructures, including co- lumnar, laminar, stack-like, petal-like, and porphyritic structures. The major mineral components of the nodule are MnO2. Unlike nodules from the eastern Pacific basin, this nodule has high contents in Fe, Si, A1, and REEs but low contents in Mn, Cu, Co, and Ni. The Mn/Fe ratio is also low and the average REEs content is 1370.4 ppm. There is a strong positive anomaly of Ce; and the Be （beryllium） isotope dating shows the initial time of growth of the nodule to be about 3.29 Ma. The inner compact layer formed from 3.29 Ma to about 1.83 Ma. The laminar and stack-like structures and the low contents of the terri- genous elements such as Fe, Si, REE, and A1 indicate the paleoceanographical environment with weak undersea currents and favorable oxidizing conditions. From 1.83 Ma to 0.73 Ma, the growth rate of the nodule increased by about 3%; the micro- structures formed during this period are stack-like and columnar. The contents of Si and A1 are increased by nearly 10%, indi- cating an increase of terrigenous sediment input in the northern South China Sea. The content of Ce is decreased by about 16% indicating a significant weakening of the oxidizing conditions at the seabed. From 0.73 Ma to 0.69 Ma, the growth rate of the nodule rapidly rose up to 8.27 times that of the nodule＇s average growth rate, and the contents of Fe, A1, and REEs in the layer also increased, forming a loose layer characterized by oolitic, granular, porphyritic, and petal-like structures, indicating the paleocea

关键词： polymetallic nodules growth process late cenozoic paleoceanographical environment response northwestern conti-nental margin of South China Sea

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Evolution of the monsoon and dry climate in East Asia during late cenozoic:A review

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Science China Earth Sciences 2014年第12期57卷 70-79页

作者： LU HuaYu GUO ZhengTang School of Geographic and Oceanographic Sciences Institute for Climate and Global Change ResearchNanjing University Institute of Geology and Geophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences

Climate in Eastern Asia is composed of monsoon climate in the east,arid and semi-arid climate in the north and west,and the cold and dry climate of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau in the *** underlying causes for the evolution of East Asian climate during late cenozoic have long been investigated and debated,particularly with regards to the role played by the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau uplift and the global *** this paper,we reviewed major research developments in this area,and summarized the important *** on a synthesis of data,we propose that the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau uplift alone cannot fully explain the formation of monsoon and arid climates in Eastern Asia during the past 22–25 *** factors such as the global ice volume and high-latitude temperature changes have also played a vital ***,atmospheric CO2changes may have modulated the monsoon and dry climate changes by affecting the location of the inter-tropical convergence zone(ITCZ),which controls the monsoon precipitation zone and the track of the East Asian winter monsoon during late *** integration of high-resolution geological record and numerical paleoclimate modeling could make new contributions to understanding the climate evolution and variation in eastern Asia in future *** could facilitate the investigation of the regional differences in East Asian environmental changes and the asynchronous nature between the uplift of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau and their climatic *** would be the keys to understanding underlying driving forces for the evolution of the East Asian climate.

关键词： East Asian climate Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Atmospheric C02 late cenozoic environmental evolution

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late cenozoic high-resolution magnetostratigraphy in the Kunlun Pass Basin and its implications for the uplift of the northern Tibetan Plateau

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Science Bulletin 2005年第17期 98-108页

作者： SONG Chunhui1, GAO Dongling1,2, FANG Xiaomin3,1, CUI Zhijiu4, LI Jijun1, YANG Shengli3, JIN Hongbo1, Douglas Burbank5 & Joseph L. Kirschvink6 1. MOE Key Laboratory of Western China’s Environmental Systems (Lanzhou University), Ministry of Education & College of Earth and Environment Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China 2. Qinghai Institute of Salt Lakes, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qing-hai 810008, China 3. Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China 4. College of Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China 5. Department of Geological Sciences, University of California, Santa Barbara, USA 6. Paleomagnetics Laboratory, Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA

The Kunlun Pass Basin, located in the middle of the eastern Kunlun Mountains, received relatively con-tinuous late cenozoic sediments from the surrounding mountains, archiving great information to understand the deformation and uplift histories of the northern Tibetan Pla-teau. The Kunlun-Yellow River Movement, identified from the tectonomorphologic and sedimentary evolution of the Kunlun Pass Basin by Cui Zhijiu et al. （1997, 1998）, is roughly coincident with many important global and Plateau climatic and environmental events, becoming a crucial time interval to understand tectonic-climatic interactions. How-ever, the ages used to constrict the events remain great un-certainty. Here, we present the results of detailed magneto-stratigraphy of the late cenozoic sediments in the Kunlun Pass Basin, which show the basin sediments were formed between about 3.6 Ma and 0.5 Ma and the Kunlun-Yellow River Movement occurred at 1.2 to0.78 Ma. The lithology, sedimentary facies and lithofacies associations divide the basin into five stages of tectonosedimentary evolution, indi-cating the northern Tibetan Plateau having experienced five episodes of tectonic uplifts at3.6, 2.69-2.58, 1.77, 1.2, 0.87 and0.78 Ma since the Pliocene.

关键词： magnetostratigraphy Kunlun Pass Basin late cenozoic Tibetan Plateau.

late cenozoic central Asian drying inferred from a palynological record from the northern Tian Shan

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Late Cenozoic central Asian drying inferred from a palynolog...

Chronological dating and tectonic implications of late cenozoic volcanic rocks and lacustrine sequence in Oiyug Basin of southern Tibet

中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所第11届（2011年度）学术年会

作者： Paul D.White Physics Department Community College of Rhode IslandWarwickRI 02886USA

Sediments contained in basins adjacent to great mountains provide opportunities to reconstruct the aridification history of central *** we use a palynological record from the fluviolucustrine Jingou River section collected from the northern Tian Shan,NW China,to reconstruct aridification in central Asia during the late *** results show that the section was continuously deposited through the interval 28-4.2 *** palynological record,with the auxiliary of the principal component analysis and the diversity index,indicates that a late Oligocene wet condition existed in central Asia and shifted to dry conditions at 23.8-23.3 *** dry condition remained until 17.3 Ma and subsequently ameliorated to a relatively wet stage to 16.2 Ma,but then began to increase once again and reached a peak at 13.5 Ma that last throughout the late Miocene and the early Pliocene,Comparing the aridification process to the global temperature trend and history of tectonics,we suggest that the long-term drying trend in central Asia is dominated by late cenozoic cooling,while the dry events that occurred at 23.8-23,3 Ma and 16.2-13.5 Ma are more likely associated with regional mountain *** land-sea redistribution further complicated the drying processes.

关键词： central Asian aridification palynology vegetation late cenozoic Tian Shan Jingou River section

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Chronological dating and tectonic implications of late Cenoz...

Evolution of Asian drying since 30 Ma revealed by clay minerals record in the West Pacific and its tectonic-climatic forcing

中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所2008学术年会

作者： CHEN HeHai~(1,2),HAN JingTai~(1+),DING ZhongLi~1,SUN HuiGuo~1 & GUO ZhengFu~1 1 Institute of Geology and Geophysics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100029,China 2 Beilun Entry-exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureau of China,Ningbo 315800,China

Reconstruction of uplift history of the Tibetan Plateau is crucial for understanding its environmental *** Oiyug Basin in southern Tibet contains multiple periods of sedimentary sequences and volcanic rocks that span much of the cenozoic and has great potential for further studying this issue. However,these strata were poorly *** paper presents a chronological study of the 145 m thick and horizontally-distributed lacustrine sequence using paleomagnetic method as well as a K-Ar dating of the underlying volcanic *** on these dating results,a chronostratigraphic framework and the basin-developmental history have been established for the past 15 Ma,during which three tectonic stages are *** period of 15—8.1 Ma is characterized by intense volcanic activities involving at least three major ***,the basin came into a tectonically quiescent period and a lacustrine sedimentary sequence was *** 2.5 Ma,an N-S fault occurred across the southern margin of the basin,leading to the disappearance of the lake environment and the development of the Oiyug *** Gyirong basin on northern slope of the Himalayas shows a similar basin developmental history and thus there is a good agreement in tectonic activities between the Himalayan and Gangdise orogenic ***,the tectonic evolution stages experienced by the Oiyug Basin during the past 15 Ma could have a regional significance for southern *** chronological data obtained from this study may provide some constraints for further studies with regard to the tectonic processes and environmental changes in southern Tibetan Plateau.

关键词： southern Tibet Oiyug Basin late cenozoic paleomagnetic dating K-Ar dating

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Science China Earth Sciences 2023年第6期66卷 1365-1382页

作者： Yi TANG Shiming WAN Debo ZHAO Zhaojie YU Zhaokai XU Jin ZHANG Zehua SONG Mengjun LI Hualong JIN Wenjun JIAO Hongkun DONG Anchun LI Key Laboratory of Marine Geology and Environment Institute of OceanologyChinese Academy of SciencesQingdao 266071China Laboratory for Marine Geology Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and TechnologyQingdao 266061China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

As the second largest dust source on the globe,the tectonic and climatic evolution of continental Asia has an important impact on regional and global climate *** West Pacific is the main sediment sink for eolian dust transported eastward from the Asian *** minerals,as the major fine-grained weathering products of continental rocks,can be readily transported by wind or currents over long distances and thus have been widely used in the reconstruction of paleoclimate and weathering ***,the overall evolutionary tendency and response mechanism of clay mineral records over large spatial and long timescales across Asia remain ***,two continuous and high-resolution clay mineral records since 30 Ma were reconstructed from sediments at Deep Sea Drilling Program(DSDP)Sites 292 and 296 in the Philippine *** minerals and Sr-Nd isotope compositions were used to constrain provenance and reconstruct the drying history of the dust source region since the *** results show that the clay-sized detrital sediments in the Philippine Sea are a mixture of Asian eolian dust and volcanic materials from the West Pacific *** on the clay mineral compositions and eolian flux,we reveal that the Asian interior has been continuously drying since the late Oligocene and that stepwise enhanced aridification occurred at approximately 20,14,7,and 3 *** with other regions of the world,the relative contents of illite and chlorite increased more dramatically in Asia during the late cenozoic,and the inconsistency became more obvious at approximately 20 *** 3 Ma,illite and chlorite have increased consistently across the *** with the Asian tectonic and climatic history,we suggest that the increase in illite and chlorite from Asia between 20 and 3 Ma was mainly in response to the uplift of the Himalayan-Tibetan Plateau,whereas after 3 Ma,it was primarily controlled by global cooling driven by the expansion of the Arctic ice shee

关键词： Clay minerals Sr-Nd isotopes Sediment provenance Eolian dust West Pacific late cenozoic

Deformation at the Easternmost Altyn Tagh Fault: Constraints on the Growth of the Northern Qinghai–Tibetan Plateau

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2020年第4期94卷 988-1006页

作者： ZHANG Jin YUN Long ZHANG Beihang QU Junfeng ZHAO Heng HUI Jie WANG Yannan ZHANG Yiping Key Laboratory of Deep-Earth Dynamics of Ministry of Natural Resources Institute of GeologyChinese Academy of Geological SciencesBeijing 100037China Key Laboratory on Geological Disposal of High-level Radioactive Waste Beijing Research Institute of Uranium GeologyCNNCBeijing 100029China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Hebei University of Engineering School of Earth Science and EngineeringHandanHebei 056038China Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences Beijing 100037China

How the Altyn Tagh fault(ATF) extends eastwards is one of the key questions in the study of the growth of the Qinghai–Tibetan Plateau. Detailed fieldwork at the easternmost part of the ATF shows that the ATF extends eastward and bypasses the Kuantan Mountain;it does not stop at the Kuantan Mountain, but connects with the northern Heishan fault in the east. The ATF does not enter the Alxa Block but extends eastward along the southern Alxa Block to the Jintanan Mountain. The Heishan fault is not a thrust fault but a sinistral strike-slip fault with a component of thrusting and is a part of the ATF. Further to the east, the Heishan fault may connect with the Jintananshan fault. A typical strike-slip duplex develops in the easternmost part of the ATF. The cut and deformed Quaternary sediments and displaced present gullies along the easternmost ATF indicate that it is an active fault. The local highest Mountain(i.e., the Kuantan Mountain) in the region forms in a restraining bend of the ATF due to the thrusting and uplifting. The northward growth of the Qinghai–Tibetan Plateau and the active deformation in South Mongolia are realized by sinistral strike-slipping on a series of NE–SW-trending faults and thrusting in restraining bends along the strike-slip faults with the northeastward motion of blocks between these faults.

关键词： sinistral strike-slip fault Altyn Tagh fault Alxa Block late cenozoic Qinghai–Tibetan Plateau