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Emission of particulate and gaseous pollutants from household laser processing machine

Journal of Environmental Sciences 2021年第5期33卷 148-156页

作者： Hyun Sik Ko Sang Bin Jeong Sooyeol Phyo Jiwon Lee Jae Hee Jung Department of Mechanical Engineering Sejong UniversitySeoul 05006Republic of Korea Center for Environment Healthand Welfare ResearchKorea Institute of Science and Technology(KIST)Seoul 02792Republic of Korea Graduate School of Energy and Environment Korea UniversitySeoul 02841Republic of Korea Department o f Materials Science and Engineering Korea UniversitySeoul 02841Republic of Korea

Indoor air quality(IAQ) directly affects the health of occupants. Household manufacturing equipment(HME) used for hobbies or educational purposes is a new and unexplored source of air pollution. In this study, we evaluated the characteristics of particulate and gaseous pollutants produced by a household laser processing equipment(HLPE). Various target materials were tested using a commercial HLPE under various operating conditions of laser power and sheath air flow rate. The mode diameters of the emitted particles gradually decreased as laser power increased, while the particle number concentration(PNC) and particle emission rate(PER) increased. In addition, as the sheath air flow rate quadrupled from 10 to 40 L/min, the mode diameter of the emitted particles decreased by nearly 25%, but the effect on the PNC was insignificant. When the laser induced the target materials at 53 m W, the mode diameters of particles were 2.0 × 10^(4) particles/cm^(3). Particularly, analyses of sampled aerosols indicated that harmful substances such as sulfur and barium were present in particles emitted from leather. The carcinogenic gaseous pollutants such as acrylonitrile, acetaldehyde, 1,3-butadiene, benzene, and C 8 aromatics(ethylbenzene) were emitted from all target materials. In an actual indoor environment, the PNC of inhalable ultrafine particles(UFPs) was > 5 × 10^(4) particles/cm^(3) during 30 min of HLPE operation. Our results suggest that more meticulous control methods are needed, including the use of less harmful target materials along with filters or adsorbents that prevent emission of pollutants.

关键词： Indoor air quality(IAQ) Emission laser processing Ultrafine particles(UFPs) Volatile organic compounds(VOCs)

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Osteogenic and antibacterial ability of micro-nano structures coated with ZnO on Ti-6Al-4V implant fabricated by two-step laser processing

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2022年第36期131卷 240-252页

作者： Yi Wan Zihe Zhao Mingzhi Yu Zhenbing Ji Teng Wang Yukui Cai Chao Liu Zhanqiang Liu Key Laboratory of High Efficiency and Clean Manufacturing School of Mechanical EngineeringShandong UniversityJinan 250061China Department of Oral and Maxilofacial Surgery Qilu Hospital of Shandong UniversityJinan 250012China Centre of Micro/Nano Manufacturing Technology(MNMT-Dublin) School of Mechanical and Materials EngineeringUniversity College DublinDublin D04 KW52Ireland School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry Biotechnology and HealthKTH RoyalInstitute of TechnologyStockholmStockholm S-10044Sweden Department of Oral Surgery Shanghai Ninth People’s HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineCollege of StomatologyShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityNational Center for StomatologyNational Clinical Research Center for Oral DiseasesShanghai Key Laboratory of StomatologyShanghai 200011China

The biological performance of Ti-6Al-4V implant is primarily determined by their surface ***,traditional surface modification methods,such as acid etching,hardly make improvement in their osseointegration ability and antibacterial *** this study,we prepared a multi-scale composite structure coated with zinc oxide(ZnO)on Ti-6Al-4V implant by an innovative technology of two-step laser processing combined with *** with the acid etching method,the physicochemical properties of surface significantly *** in vitro results showed that the particular dimension of micro-nano structure and the multifaceted nature of ZnO synergistically affected MC3T3-E1 osteogenesis and bacterial activities:(1)The surface morphology showed a‘contact guidance'effect on cell arrangement,which was conducive to the adhesion of filopodia and cell spreading,and the osteogenesis level of MC3T3-E1 was enhanced due to the release of zinc ions(Zn^(2+));(2)the characterization of bacterial response revealed that periodic nanostructures and Zn^(2+)released could cause damage to the cell wall of *** and reduce the adhesion and aggregation of *** conclusion,the modified surface showed a synergistic effect of physical topography and chemical composition,making this a promising method and providing new insight into bone defect repairment.

关键词： Ti-6Al-4V implant laser processing Micro-nano structure Zinc oxide Osseointegration ability Antibacterial capacity

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A Novel Approach for the Fabrication of Sharkskin Structured Bionic Surfaces with Hydrophobic Wettability:laser processing and Ordered Abrasive Belt Grinding

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2023年第4期20卷 1687-1700页

作者： Guijian Xiao Zhenyang Liu Ouchuan Lin Yi He Shuai Liu Jianchao Huang College of Mechanical and Vehicle Engineering Chongqing UniversityChongqing400044China State Key Laboratory of Mechanical Transmissions Chongqing UniversityChongqing400044China

A new process for the fabrication of sharkskin bionic structures on metal surfaces is *** sharkskin bionic surface was successfully machined on the surface of IN718 by laser sequencing of the abrasive belt surface,laser processing of the layered scale-like structure,and ribbed texture *** flexible contact properties of belt grinding allow ribbed structures to be machined uniformly on a hierarchical,scale-like *** bionic microstructures with radii greater than 75µm were prepared after parameter *** influence of processing parameters on the geometrical accuracy of the microstructure was investigated,the microstructure microform and elemental distribution were analyzed,and the relationship between the ribbed microstructure and chemical properties of the surface of the bionic sharkskin on wettability was *** results indicate that reducing the laser power and increasing the laser scan rate can reduce the laser thermal effect and improve the microstructure processing *** laser ablation process is accompanied by a violent chemical reaction that introduces a large amount of oxygen and carbon elements and infiltrates them at a certain *** wettability of the surface undergoes a transition from hydrophilic(contact angle 69.72°)to hydrophobic(contact angle 131.56°)due to the adsorption of C-C/C-H and the reduction of C=O/O=C-O during the placement *** ribbed microstructure changes the solid-liquid contact on the surface into a solid-liquid-gas contact,which has an enhanced effect on *** study is a valuable guide to the processing of hydrophobic layered bionic microstructures.

关键词： laser processing Abrasive belt grinding Bionic sharkskin structure Wettability

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Effect of laser processing Pattern on the Mechanical Properties of Aluminum Alloy Adhesive Joints

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Automotive Innovation 2023年第4期6卷 622-632页

作者： Yiben Zhang Bo Liu Yepeng Liu Songgang Zheng Chao Zhang College of Mechanical Engineering University of Science and Technology Beijing30 Xueyuan RoadBeijing 100083China Beijing Key Laboratory of Lightweight Metal Forming 30 Xueyuan RoadBeijing 100083China Hozon New Energy Automobile Co. Ltd232 Tongsheng RoadJiaxing 314500China Master Tianjin Lightweight Technology Co. Ltd15 Jingli RoadTianjin 300000China Nanjing Lightweight Technology Research Institute Co. Ltd296 Wenchang RoadNanjing 211200China

Adhesive bonding is a promising joining technology for joining lightweight aluminum structures,offering advantages such as the absence of additional heat input,connection damage,and environmental *** further enhance the strength of aluminum adhesive joints,this study investigates the influence of laser surface treatment on their mechanical ***,the effect of laser processing patterns and their geometric parameters on aluminum alloy adhesive joints is examined.A fiber laser is used to process crater array and multi-groove pattern on A6061 aluminum *** impact of crater overlap ratio and groove distance on various aspects,including aluminum surface morphology,roughness(Sa),adhesive joints shear,tensile strength,and failure modes is *** confocal microscope tests,water contact angle tests,lap shear tests,and cross tensile tests are employed to analyze these *** results indicate that as the crater overlap ratio increases,the S_(a) value of the aluminum surface ***,the shear strength of adhesive joints initially increases and then decreases,while the tensile strength consistently *** the other hand,an increase in groove distance leads to a decrease in S_(a),as well as a reduction in both shear and tensile strength of adhesive *** shear loading conditions,mechanical interlocking is identified as one of the bonding mechanisms in aluminum adhesive joints featuring crater array and multi-groove *** formation of interlocking structures is found to be influenced by the aluminum surface pattern and its associated parameters,as revealed through failure surface ***,adhesive and crater or groove interactions contribute to the formation of interlocking structures in specimens with a crater overlap ratio of -60% or groove distances of 120,180,300,and 400μ***,specimens with overlap ratios of 0%,40%,and 60% exhibit interlocking structures formed by the adhesive a

关键词： laser processing Aluminum adhesive joint Strength Failure mode Bonding mechanism

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The Hardness Properties of Carbon Steels After laser processing

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Chinese Journal of lasers 1994年第1期B3卷 91-95页

作者： ZHU Zuchang WANG Weixiang LI Xiuqian YU Shaoluo(Shanghai University of Engineering Science,Shanghai 200335, China) Shanghai Univ of Engineering Science Shanghai China

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关键词： laser processing heat treatment property

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Model heat source using actual distribution of laser power density for simulation of laser processing

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Journal of Central South University 2022年第10期29卷 3277-3293页

作者： WANG Gen-wang DING Ye GUAN Yan-chao WANG Yang YANG Li-jun State Key Laboratory of Robotics and Systems Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150001China School of Mechatronics Engineering Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150001China

The model of heat source(MHS) which reflects the thermal interaction between materials and laser during processing determines the accuracy of simulation results. To acquire desirable simulations results, although various modifications of heat sources in the aspect of absorption process of laser by materials have been purposed, the distribution of laser power density(DLPD) in MHS is still modeled theoretically. However, in the actual situations of laser processing, the DLPD is definitely different from the ideal models. So, it is indispensable to build MHS using actual DLPD to improve the accuracy of simulation results. Besides, an automatic modeling method will be benefit to simplify the tedious pre-processing of simulations. This paper presents a modeling method and corresponding algorithm to model heat source using measured DLPD. This algorithm automatically processes original data to get modeling parameters and provides a step MHS combining with absorption models. Simulations and experiments of heat transfer in steel plates irradiated by laser prove the mothed and the step MHS. Moreover, the investigations of laser induced thermal-crack propagation in glass highlight the signification of modeling heat source based on actual DLPD and demonstrate the enormous application of this method in the simulation of laser processing.

关键词： heat source laser processing distribution of power density digital images processing heat transfer

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Omnidirectional iridescence via cylindricallypolarized femtosecond laser processing

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Opto-Electronic Advances 2020年第5期3卷 11-18页

作者： Nikolaos Livakas Evangelos Skoulas Emmanuel Stratakis Institute of Electronic Structure and laser Foundation for Research and Technology-HellasHeraklion Crete 71110Greece Department of Materials Science and Technology University of CreteHeraklion Crete 71003Greece Department of Physics University of CreteHeraklion Crete 71003Greece

We report the femtosecond(fs)laser fabrication of biomimetic omnidirectional iridescent metallic surfaces exhibiting efficient diffraction for practically any angle of light *** diffractive behavior is realized by means of multi-directional low-spatial-frequency,laser-induced periodic surface structures(LSFL)formed upon exploiting the cylindrical symmetry of a cylindrical vector(CV)fs *** particularly demonstrate that the multi-directional gratings formed on stainless steel surface by a radially polarized fs beam,could mimic the omnidirectional structural coloration properties found in some natural ***,the fabricated grating structures can spatially disperse the incident light into individual wavelength with high efficiency,exhibiting structural iridescence at all viewing *** calculations using the grating equation reproduced the characteristic variation of the vivid colors observed as a function of incident *** envisage that our results will significantly contribute to the development of new photonic and light sensing devices.

关键词： laser processing structural colors radial polarisation

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Quantitative Analysis of Composition Change in AZ31 Magnesium Alloy Using CF-LIBS After laser Material processing

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Plasma Science and Technology 2015年第11期17卷 909-913页

作者：朱德华曹宇钟蓉陈孝敬 College of Mechanical & Electrical Engineering Wenzhou University College of Physics & Electronic Information Engineering Wenzhou University

The concentration of elements in molten metal of AZ31 magnesium alloy after long pulsed Nd：YAG laser processing was quantitatively analyzed by using calibration-free laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy （CF-LIBS）. The composition change in AZ31 magnesium alloy under different laser pulse width was also investigated. The experimental results showed that CF-LIBS can obtain satisfactory quantitative or semi-quantitative results for matrix or major elements, while only qualitative analysis was possible for minor or trace elements. Moreover, it is found that the chemical composition of molten metal will change after laser processing. The concentration of magnesium in molten metal is lower than that present in the base metal. The Mg loss increases with an increase of pulse width in the laser processing. This result shows that the selective vaporization of different elements is affected by the pulse width during laser processing.

关键词： laser processing CF-LIBS emission spectra composition change AZ31 magnesium alloy

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EFFECT OF laser MELTING processing ON MICROSTRUCTURE OF GRAY CAST IRON

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 1989年第4期2卷 305-307页

作者： SHEN Lian LI Chenglao WANG Xiuling MA Lihua ZHU Daozhen Xi’an Jiaotong University,Xi’an,China Associate Professor,Dept.of Materials Science and Engineering,Xi’an Jiaotong University,Xi’an,China

The microstructure of the laser hardened layer on the HT20-40 gray cast iron after laser melting processing'was examined by optical microscopy,transmission electron microscopy (TEM)and scanning electron microscopy(SEM).Experimental results showed that a struc- ture with dendritic(M+A')and interdendriticly laminal transformed ledeburite (M+A'+Fe_3C)was produced after laser melting *** martensite is a mixture of dis- location martensite and twin *** pile-ups and twins were found in the residual *** of composition and heterogeneity of microstructure were also apparent after laser melting processing.

关键词： laser processing gray cast iron microstructure

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laser-Constructing 3D Copper Current Collector with Crystalline Orientation Selectivity for Stable Lithium Metal Batteries

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Energy & Environmental Materials 2024年第6期7卷 129-139页

作者： Hui Li Gang Wang Jin Hu Jun Li Jiaxu Huang Shaolin Xu Department of Mechanical and Energy Engineering Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518000China

The practical application of lithium(Li)metal anodes in high-capacity batteries is impeded by the formation of hazardous Li *** address this challenge,this research presents a novel methodology that combines laser ablation and heat treatment to precisely induce controlled grain growth within laser-structured grooves on copper(Cu)current ***,this approach enhances the prevalence of Cu(100)facets within the grooves,effectively lowering the overpotential for Li nucleation and promoting preferential Li *** approaches that modify the entire surface of collectors,our work focuses on selectively enhancing lithiophilicity within the grooves to mitigate the formation of Li dendrites and exhibit exceptional performance *** half-cell with these collectors maintains a remarkable Coulombic efficiency of 97.42%over 350 cycles at 1 mA cm^(−2).The symmetric cell can cycle stably for 1600 h at 0.5 mA cm^(−2).Furthermore,when integrated with LiFePO4 cathodes,the full-cell configuration demonstrates outstanding capacity retention of 92.39%after 400 cycles at a 1C discharge *** study introduces a novel technique for fabricating selective lithiophilic three-dimensional(3D)Cu current collectors,thereby enhancing the performance of Li metal *** insights gained from this approach hold promise for enhancing the performance of all laser-processed 3D Cu current collectors by enabling precise lithiophilic modifications within complex structures.

关键词： copper current collector heat treatment laser processing lithium metal battery selective crystalline orientation

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