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Using occupancy models to determine mammalian responses to landscape changes

Integrative Zoology 2009年第2期4卷 232-239页

作者： Jeremy M.NICHOLSON Frank T.VAN MANEN Department of Forestry Wildlifeand FisheriesUniversity of TennesseeKnoxvilleTennesseeUSA US Geological Survey Southern Appalachian Research BranchUniversity of TennesseeKnoxvilleTennesseeUSA

Determining impacts of anthropogenic landscape changes on wildlife populations is *** the challengesDetermining impacts of anthropogenic landscape changes on wildlife populations is *** the challenges of designing field studies to document conditions before and after landscape changes occur,assessment of popula-of designing field studies to document conditions before and after landscape changes occur,assessment of popula-tion responses(*** in population density)often provide poor inference because of sampling *** responses(*** in population density)often provide poor inference because of sampling *** of occupancy,however,only requires data on detection or non-detection of a species and might provideEstimation of occupancy,however,only requires data on detection or non-detection of a species and might provide better *** demonstrate the utility of occupancy models,we used data from an American black bear(Ursusbetter *** demonstrate the utility of occupancy models,we used data from an American black bear(Ursus americanus Pallas)population in North Carolina,USA to test our research hypothesis that documented declines inamericanus Pallas)population in North Carolina,USA to test our research hypothesis that documented declines in site occupancy of black bears would be greater near a new four-lane *** used multi-season occupancysite occupancy of black bears would be greater near a new four-lane *** used multi-season occupancy models to estimate site occupancy based on bear visitation to survey sites before and after completion of the newmodels to estimate site occupancy based on bear visitation to survey sites before and after completion of the new highway and as a function of distance to the *** occupancy declined from 0.81 to 0.35 between the twohighway and as a function of distance to the *** occupancy declined from 0.81 to 0.35 between the two s

关键词： landscape changes mammalian responses occupancy models transportation infrastructure Ursus americanus.

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Study on changes for landscape Structure after Farmland Consolidation

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科技展望 2016年第22期26卷 86-87+273页

作者：梁大慶陳意昌張俊斌 “National Formosa University” Department of Soil and Water Conservation Chung Hsing University Chung Chou University of Science and Technology

The consolidation work established standard blocks and installed agricultural water channels so that each block could be directly connected to road,irrigated,and draining. For this reason,the roads and channels are increasing quickly that changed the farm landscape structure greatly after farmland consolidation. This study used the network connectivity and circuitry indices of landscape ecology theory to characterize the corridors changing in Liu- Xiang farmland consolidation area,Ping- Dong County,the south of Taiwan. The results revealed that connectivity and circuitry of farm road corridor increased after consolidation,the connectivity from 0. 405 to 0. 504,and the circuitry from0. 102 to 0. 247. These results showed that farm roads brought the connivances and added the paths for people,but disturbed the other creatures to pass through. And that connectivity and circuitry of waterway corridor also increased after consolidation,connectivity from 0. 35 to 0. 50,and circuitry from 0. to 0. 241. The results show that transmission ’s capability of channel corridors is better for creatures after farmland consolidation. If we used the ecological engineering for water channel and planting extensively in farm roads and banks that will be well for the farmland consolidation areas.

关键词： landscape changes Farmland Consolidation Network Connectivity

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Mid and late Holocene forest fires and deforestation in the subalpine belt of the Iberian range,northern Spain

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Journal of Mountain Science 2016年第10期13卷 1760-1772页

作者： Jose M.GARCIA-RUIZ Yasmina SANJUAN Graciela GIL-ROMERA Penelope GONZALEZ-SAMPERIZ Santiago BEGUERIA Jose ARNAEZ Paz COBA-PEREZ Amelia GOMEZ-VILLAR Javier ALVAREZ-MARTINEZ Noemi LANA-RENAULT Estela PEREZ-CARDIEL Carlos LOPEZ DE CALLE Instituto Pirenaico de Ecologfa Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas(IPE-CSIC)Campus de Aula DeiP.O.Box 13.03450.080-ZaragozaSpain Estacion Experimental de Aula Dei Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas(EEAD-CSIC)Campus de Aula DeiP.O.Box 13.03450.080-ZaragozaSpain Area of Physical Geography University ofLa Rioja26.004-LogronoSpain Centro de Investigaciones en Geografia Ambiental Universidad Nacional Autonoma de MexicoUnidad MoreliaAntigua Carretera a Patzcuaro 870158190-MoreliaMichoacanMexico Departamento de Geografia y Geologia Faeultad de Filosofia y LetrasUniversidad de LeonCampus de Vegazana24.071-LeonSpain Departamento de Ingenieria Agricola y Forestal Universidad de ValladolidCampus La Yutera34.071-PalenciaSpain Department of Geography and Land Management University of Zaragoza50.009-ZaragozaSpain Freelance archaeologist Auda.Colon426003-LogronoSpain

The conversion of subalpine forests into grasslands for pastoral use is a well-knownphenomenon, although for most mountain areas the timing of deforestation has not been determined. The presence of charcoal fragments in soil profiles affected by shallow landsliding enabled us to date the occurrence of fires and the periods of conversion ofsubalpine forest into grasslands in the Urbión Mountains, Iberian Range, Spain. We found that the treeline in the highest parts of the northwestern massifs of the Iberian Range(the Urbión, Demanda, Neila, and Cebollera massifs) is currently between 1500 and 1600 m a.s.l., probably because of pastoral use of the subalpine belt, whereas in the past it would have reached almost the highest divides(at approximately 2100–2200 m a.s.l.). The radiocarbon dates obtained indicate that the transformation of the subalpine belt occurred during the Late Neolithic, Chalcolithic, Bronze Age, Iron Age, and Middle Ages. Forest clearing was probably moderate during fires prior to the Middle Ages, as the small size of the sheep herds and the local character of the markets only required small clearings, and therefore more limited fires. Thus, it is likely that the forest recovered burnt areas in a few decades; this suggests the management of the forest and grasslands following a slash-andburn system. During the Middle and Modern Ages deforestation and grassland expansion affected most of the subalpine belt and coincided with the increasing prevalence of transhumance, as occurred in other mountains in the Iberian Peninsula(particularly the Pyrenees). Although the occurrence of shallow landslides following deforestation between the Neolithic and the Roman Period cannot be ruled out, the most extensive shallow landsliding processes would have occurred from the Middle Ages until recent times.

关键词： Forest fires Holocene Subalpinegrasslands Shallow landslides landscape changes Iberian Range

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A landscape persistence-based methodological framework for assessing ecological stability

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Environmental Science and Ecotechnology 2024年第1期17卷 31-39页

作者： Da Lü Yihe Lü Guangyao Gao Siqi Sun Yi Wang Bojie Fu State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology Research Center for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesPO Box 2871Beijing100085China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049China

Ecological stability is a critical factor in global sustainable development,yet its significance has been *** we introduce a landscape-oriented framework to evaluate ecological stability in the Qingzang Plateau(QP).Our findings reveal a medium-high stability level in the QP,with minimal changes over recent *** driving factors vary across landscape types,with climate and anthropogenic factors emerging as crucial *** anthropogenic factors are strong but unstable due to policy changes and economic development,climatic factors exert a consistent *** on our results,we propose site-specific ecological conservation and restoration *** ecological stability assessment framework provides a practical tool to understand the link between environmental conditions and ecosystems.

关键词： Ecological stability assessment framework landscape changes Nature conservation and ecological restoration Nature-based solutions Qingzang Plateau

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Development of a large-scale remote sensing ecological index in arid areas and its application in the Aral Sea Basin

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Journal of Arid Land 2021年第1期13卷 40-55页

作者： WANG Jie LIU Dongwei MA Jiali CHENG Yingnan WANG Lixin School of Ecology and Environment Inner Mongolia UniversityHohhot 010021China

The Aral Sea Basin in Central Asia is an important geographical environment unit in the center of *** is of great significance to the ecological protection and sustainable development of Central Asia to carry out dynamic monitoring and effective evaluation of the eco-environmental quality of the Aral Sea *** this study,the arid remote sensing ecological index(ARSEI)for large-scale arid areas was developed,which coupled the information of the greenness index,the salinity index,the humidity index,the heat index,and the land degradation index of arid *** ARSEI was used to monitor and evaluate the eco-environmental quality of the Aral Sea Basin from 2000 to *** results show that the greenness index,the humidity index and the land degradation index had a positive impact on the quality of the ecological environment in the Aral Sea Basin,while the salinity index and the heat index exerted a negative impact on the quality of the ecological *** eco-environmental quality of the Aral Sea Basin demonstrated a trend of initial improvement,followed by deterioration,and finally further *** spatial variation of these changes was *** 2000 to 2019,grassland and wasteland(saline alkali land and sandy land)in the central and western parts of the basin had the worst ecological environment *** areas with poor ecological environment quality are mainly distributed in rivers,wetlands,and cultivated land around *** the period from 2000 to 2019,except for the surrounding areas of the Aral Sea,the ecological environment quality in other areas of the Aral Sea Basin has been improved in *** correlation coefficients between the change in the eco-environmental quality and the heat index and between the change in the eco-environmental quality and the humidity index were–0.593 and 0.524,*** conditions and human activities have led to different combinations of heat and humidity changes in the eco-env

关键词： eco-environmental quality arid remote sensing ecological index Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer(MODIS) landscape changes remote sensing monitoring Central Asia

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