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Journal of Environmental Sciences 1999年第2期11卷 94-99页

作者： Chen Li ding, Fu Bo jie Research Center for Eco Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijng 100085, China

landscape connectivity is a parameter of landscape function, which measures the processes by which the sub populations of organisms are interconnected into a functional demographic unit. It is a landscape phenomenon which describes the relationships between landscape subunits. landscape connectivity can be measured by measuring the degree to which the landscape pattern facilitates or impedes movement of animals among resource patches, particularly for conserved animal species. In this paper, the landscape connectivity for Giant Panda in Wolong Nature Reserve was evaluated by using landscape ecological model on the base of choosing three natural affecting factors on Giant Panda and using geographic information system. The results demonstrate that only about 90 36 km 2 (c.a.4 47%) of total area 2023 31 km 2 is most suitable for Giant Panda survival, the suitable area is about 226 42 km 2 (11 19%), the moderately suitable area is 286 09 km 2 (14 13%), as much as 1236 51 km 2 is completely unsuitable for Giant Panda living. The result will be helpful for making a decision on improving eco environment and protecting Giant Panda in Wolong Nature Reserve.

关键词： landscape connectivity habitat suitability evaluation GIS application.

On models for landscape connectivity: a case study of the new-born wetland of the Yellow River Delta

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Journal of Geographical Sciences 2002年第2期12卷 63-72页

作者： Yue Tian-xiang Ye Qing-hua Liu Qing-sheng Gong Zheng-hui Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research CAS Beijing China Gudao Monitoring Station of Shengli Oil Field Administration Dongying China

The models for landscape connectivity are distinguished into models for line connectivity, vertex connectivity, network connectivity and patch connectivity separately. Because the models for line connectivity, for vertex connectivity, and for network connectivity have long been studied and have become ripe, the model for patch connectivity is paid special attention in this paper. The patch connectivity is defined as the average movement efficiency (minimizing movement distance) of animal migrants or plant propagules in patches of a region under consideration. According to this definition, a model for landscape connectivity is mathematically deduced to apply to GIS data. The application of model for patch connectivity in the new-born wetland of the Yellow River Delta shows patch connectivity has a negative interrelation with human impact intensity and landscape diversity.

关键词： landscape connectivity mathematical model human impact landscape diversity

Ecological connectivity in fragmented agricultural landscapes and the importance of scattered trees and small patches

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Ecological Processes 2021年第1期10卷 274-289页

作者： Darrel Chin Fung Tiang Andrew Morris Mathew Bell Christopher NGibbins Badrul Azhar Alex MLechner School of Environmental and Geographical Sciences University of Nottingham MalaysiaJalan Broga43500 SemenyihSelangorMalaysia MidCoast Council 2 Biripi WayTareeNSW 2430Australia Faculty of Forestry&Environment Universiti Putra Malaysia43400 SerdangSelangorMalaysia Lincoln Centre for Water and Planetary Health School of GeographyUniversity of LincolnLincoln LN67TSUK

Background:Fragmentation and habitat loss can restrict species movement and reduce connectivity,negatively impacting *** the overall connectivity of an area can inform better management of human modified *** connectivity modelling methods seldom incorporate fine-scale movement patterns associated with movement between fine-scaled structural connectivity elements such as scattered trees,roadside corridors and small patches of *** study aims to characterise connectivity within the Karuah-Myall catchments,a typical woodland ecosystem that is fragmented by agriculture,using least-cost path analysis and a graph-theoretic approach;it focuses on how fine-scaled vegetation such as scattered trees support *** mapped scattered(and paddock)trees within this agricultural landscape where the main human modified land use was *** modelled connectivity for a general representative woodland species using an interpatch dispersal distance and gap crossing threshold,and resistance from different land cover *** gap crossing distance threshold was used to model movement between fine-scaled vegetation *** compared the least-cost paths modelled with and without scattered ***:Our results show that by excluding scattered trees,least-cost paths across the cleared pasture landscape did not reflect the types of movement patterns typically observed from field studies,such as those associated with a foray-search strategy used by small and medium mammals and *** modelling also shows that the KaruahMyall catchments are well connected and provide value to biodiversity beyond the catchment borders,by connecting coastal vegetation to the Great Eastern Ranges national wildlife corridor ***:connectivity models that exclude fine-scale landscape features such as scattered trees and small,linear patches risk misrepresenting connectivity *** of regional-scale connectivity can b

关键词： Scattered trees landscape connectivity Gap crossing Fragmentation Agricultural landscape

landscape Network Approach to Assess Ecological Impacts of Road Projects on Biological Conservation

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Chinese Geographical Science 2014年第1期24卷 5-14页

作者： LIU Shiliang DENG Li CHEN Liding LI Junran DONG Shikui ZHAO Haidi School of Environment Beijing Normal University State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology Research Center for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of Sciences Department of Geosciences College of Engineering and Natural SciencesUniversity of Tulsa

Awareness of the adverse ecological effects of road and other large construction projects has resulted in a rapidly growing demand to quantitatively predict and evaluate the effects on gene flow among plants and animals in natural *** this study,we evaluated the effects of different road construction scenarios on animal species movement by using the methods of ecological landscape connectivity in the typical regions of Yunnan Province,*** results showed landscape connectivity levels(Probability of connectivity(PC))decreased after road construction and species with lower dispersal abilities were more affected to the subsequent habitat *** level roads affected landscape connectivity most *** a distance of 100 m,the PC index decreased more than 50%.Further analysis suggested that the use of landscape connectivity to assess landscape processes revealed the adverse effects on the species movement more effectively compared with the traditional landscape pattern *** addition,we conducted a graph theory and a least-cost modeling discussion,it is obvious that they are powerful tools to represent and analyze landscape networks with respect to related species *** analysis offers a quantitative and simple but effective tool for ecological process assessment and biological conservation on large scales.

关键词： landscape connectivity road project landscape network graph theory least-cost model

Quantifying landscape linkages among giant panda subpopulations in regional scale conservation

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Integrative Zoology 2012年第2期7卷 165-174页

作者： Dunwu QI Yibo HU Xiaodong GU Xuyi YANG Guang YANG Fuwen WEI Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology College of Life SciencesNanjing Normal UniversityNanjingChina Key Laboratory for Animal Ecology and Conservation Biology Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina Wildlife Conservation Division Sichuan Forestry DepartmentChengduChina

Understanding habitat requirements and identifying landscape linkages are essential for the survival of isolated populations of endangered ***,some of the giant panda populations are isolated,which threatens their long-term survival,particularly in the Xiaoxiangling *** the present study,we quantified niche requirements and then identified potential linkages of giant panda subpopulations in the most isolated region,using ecological niche factor analysis and a least-cost path *** pandas preferred habitat with conifer forest and gentle slopes(>20 to≤30°).Based on spatial distribution of suitable habitat,linkages were identified for the Yele subpopulation to 4 other subpopulations(Liziping,Matou,Xinmin and Wanba).Their lengths ranged from 15 to 54 *** accumulated cost ranged from 693 to 3166 and conifer forest covered over 31%.However,a variety of features(*** roads,human settlements and large unforested areas)might act as barriers along the linkages for giant panda *** analysis quantified giant panda subpopulation connectivity to ensure long-term survival.

关键词： Ailuropoda melanoleuca ecological niche factor analysis giant panda landscape connectivity least-cost path analysis species conservation

On the effects of spatial resolution on effective distance measurement in digital landscapes

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Ecological Processes 2021年第1期10卷 659-677页

作者： Rachel Mundeli Murekatete Takeshi Shirabe KTH Royal Institute of Technology School of Architecture and the Built EnvironmentTeknikringen 10A11428 StockholmSweden University of Rwanda College of Science and TechnologyCentre for Geographic Information Systems and Remote SensingKN 67 Street NyarugengeKigaliRwanda

Background:connectivity is an important landscape attribute in ecological studies and conservation practices and is often expressed in terms of effective *** the cost of movement of an organism over a landscape is effectively represented by a raster surface,effective distances can be equated with the cost-weighted distance of least-cost *** is generally recognized that this measure is sensitive to the grid’s cell size,but little is known if it is always sensitive in the same way and to the same degree and if not,what makes it more(or less)*** conducted computational experiments with both synthetic and real landscape data,in which we generated and analyzed large samples of effective distances measured on cost surfaces of varying cell sizes derived from those *** particular focus was on the statistical behavior of the ratio—referred to as‘accuracy indicator’—of the effective distance measured on a lower-resolution cost surface to that measured on a higher-resolution cost ***:In the experiment with synthetic cost surfaces,the sample values of the accuracy indicator were generally clustered around 1,but slightly greater with the absence of linear sequences(or barriers)of high-cost or inadmissible cells and smaller with the presence of such *** latter tendency was more dominant,and both tendencies became more pronounced as the difference between the spatial resolutions of the associated cost surfaces *** two real satellite images(of different resolutions with fairly large discrepancies)were used as the basis of cost estimation,the variation of the accuracy indicator was found to be substantially large in the vicinity(1500 m)of the source but decreases quickly with an increase in distance from ***:Effective distances measured on lower-resolution cost surfaces are generally highly correlated with—and useful predictors of—effective distances measured on higher-resolution cost *** relationship t

关键词： landscape connectivity Effective distance Raster-based least-cost path model Accuracy Spatial resolution

The role of landscape setting in minimizing hydrogeomorphic impacts of flow regulation

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International Journal of Sediment Research 2013年第2期28卷 149-161页

作者： H.E.REID G.J.BRIERLEY K.MCFARLANE S.E.COLEMAN S.TROWSDALE School of Environment The University of Auckland Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering The University of Auckland

The Tongariro Power Development Scheme（TPDS） is used to regulate flow in the headwaters of the largest catchment on the North Island of New Zealand（the Waikato）.Two small dams,the Rangipo Dam and the Poutu Intake Dam,were constructed in 1973 and *** flow regime of the river is managed to divert freshes into the power scheme,but allows flows larger than 100 m;s;to be released,to rework and transport sediment through the catchment. Analysis of aerial photos and maps spanning 1928 to 2007,alongside field measurements,show that there have been few hydrogeomorphic adjustments since dam *** includes limited changes to channel geometry,channel planform and bed material organization immediately downstream of the *** addition,offsite effects are minimal, both 500 m downstream of each dam,and in the more sensitive,less confined reaches in the lower catchment（11 km downstream of the Poutu Intake dam）.The limited changes can be attributed to the locations of the dams within reaches characterised by bedrock gorges and confined within *** locations act to flush sediments and impose margins that allow minimal adjustment of the *** material within this reach is characterised by the presence of a boulder *** is sourced from long-term incision into lahar deposits,and acts to limit the rate of incision, creating a steep and stable base upon which active fractions are *** as importantly,significant storage in the low-relief volcanic plateau located in the upper catchment acts to disconnect and store the high sediment yields generated by active volcanic cones in the western sub-catchment upstream of the *** limits the rate of sediment supply to regulated *** from this study show that analysis of reach-scale controls is essential in framing dam site locations in relation to the distribution of reaches and landscape units across the *** this instance, tributary inputs downstream of the dams do not repl

关键词： Flow regulation landscape setting landscape connectivity Sediment storage Channel planform

Are local plague endemicity and ecological characteristics of vectors and reservoirs related? A case study in north-east Tanzania

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Current Zoology 2009年第3期55卷 200-211页

作者： Anne LAUDISOIT Simon NEERINCKX Rhodes H.MAKUNDI Herwig LEIRS Boris R.KRASNOV Zoogeographical Research Unit University of Liège Evolutionary Ecology Group Department of BiologyUniversity of Antwerpen Department of Earth & Environmental Sciences Katholieke Universiteit Leuven Celestijnenlaan Pest Management Centre Sokoine University of Agriculture Danish Pest Infestation Laboratory Department of Integrated Pest ManagementFaculty of Agricultural SciencesUniversity of Aarhus Mitrani Department of Desert Ecology Swiss Institute for Dryland Environmental ResearchJacob Blaustein Institutes for Desert ResearchBen-Gurion University of the NegevSede-Boqer Campus

The pattern of plague endemicity in Tanzania is characterized by continuous re-appearance of the disease in some locations, while in other neighbouring villages the disease has never or seldom been observed. To understand the reasons for this pattern, we studied small mammal and flea species composition, diversity and relative abundances in two plague-endemic and two plague-free locations. We asked （a） whether fleas more abundant in plague-endemic locations differ in their characteristic abundance and the degree of their host specificity from fleas more abundant in plague-free locations and （b） whether hosts most abundant in p/ague-endemic locations differ in the diversity of their flea assemblages from hosts most abundant in p/ague-free locations. We characterized （a） each host species by species richness and degree of taxonomic relatedness of its flea assemblages and （b） each flea species by its mean abundance and size, and degree of taxonomic relatedness of its host spectrum and compared their relative abundances between locations. No significant difference between plague-endemic and plague-free locations in either host density or any variable related to flea abundance or diversity was found. However, there was marginally significant effect of taxonomic distinctness of a flea assemblage barboured by a host on its probability to be more abundant in either plague-endemic or plague-free locations. Furthermore, hosts more abundant in plague-endemic locations tended to harbour closely-related fleas. Finally, while opportunistic and specialist fleas were equally distributed in both sets of locations, fleas exploiting distantly-related hosts were found mainly in plague-free locations during the rainy season. We suggest that the observed patterns might arise due to seasonal and spatial differences in local microclimatic conditions and landscape connectivity [ Current Zoology 55 （3）： 200 - 211, 2009].

关键词： Flea Rodent landscape connectivity Opportunistic Plague Tanzania

Evolution Characteristics of the Ecological Space Network of Resource-Based Cities:A Case Study on Xuzhou

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China City Planning Review 2021年第2期30卷 62-74页

作者： Liang Xinbin Ji Xiang Guo Nana Meng Lingran Qian Fang(Translated) Liang Sisi(Proofread) School of Mechanics and Civil Engineering China University of Mining and Technology College of Architecture Anhui Science and Technology UniversityBengbuP.R.China Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Building Energy Saving and Construction Technology XuzhouP.R.China School of Geography and Tourism Qufu Normal UniversityQufuP.R.China 不详

The territorial and spatial planning is an essential tool for ecological civilization construction in spatial development and urban *** ecological space has been an important part of the territorial and spatial planning,this study established a spatial structural pattern of"ecological source-ecological corridor-ecological node"along with methods including landscape connectivity analysis and ecological resistance surface *** the ecological space of Xuzhou City,a typical resource-based city,as a case study,this research analyzed the ecological spatial network structure and evaluated the evolution characteristics before judging the breadth threshold value of the ecological corridor and providing planning control *** study found that since the urbanization of Xuzhou City resumed its growth,the quantity of ecological sources,corridors,and nodes have grown *** resistance of the ecological corridor increases year by year,with the proper breadth threshold value around 100–200 *** development of an ecological network structure shows a single-polarization evolution characteristic that is high quality and high resistance.

关键词： ecological space landscape connectivity ecological resistance surface ecological space network structure ecological corridor Xuzhou City