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Phenotypic Variation within a Jordanian landrace of Durum Wheat ＂Safra Ma＇an＂（Triticum turgidum L, var, Durum）

Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology(B) 2013年第10期3卷 717-727页

作者： Jalal Ahmad Al-Tabbal Mahmud Ayed Duwayri Department of Applied Science AI-Huson University College AL Balqa' Applied University Al-Huson 2151 O Jordan Department of Horticulture and Crop Science Faculty of Agriculture University of Jordan Amman 11942 Jordan

Two hundred and eighty six lines were selected randomly from the tetraploid wheat （Tritieum turgidum *** Durum） landrace ＂Safra Ma＇an＂. The whole population with three check cultivars （ACSAD 65, HOURANI 27 and AMRA） was evaluated at Maru Agriculture Research Station for 16 characters including grain yield per plant. The objectives were to assess the magnitude of phenotypic variations for the traits in ＂Safra Ma＇an＂ and to evaluate the potential usefulness of some of the traits identified. Results showed wide range of phenotypic variation for several traits. Monomorphism was common for juvenile growth habit, whereas, the rest of the characters exhibited polymorphism in varying degrees. Considering all characters, the average diversity （H＇） for ＂Safra Ma＇an＂ landrace was 0.65 ± 0.047. Ten lines were superior to the check （HOURANI 27） for grain yield per plant. Subsequently, the population lines were clustered into six distinct groups at a distance of about 0.55 based on their similarity for all traits, ACSAD 65 and AMRA located in separate clusters, whereas, HOURANI 27 cultivar was presented in cluster with the most lines of ＂Safra Ma＇an＂. Thirteen lines from the population showed a bluish green cast or glaucousness characters. Glaucous lines had greater kernels per spike. In contrast, this character showed no significant association with grain yield per plant despite the greater grain yield per plant obtained for the glaucous lines. The results are important for the breeding and selection in this land race.

关键词： Safra Ma'an landrace Triticum turgidum variation glaucousness.

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Embryo Transfer by Surgical Method with landrace as Receptor Sow

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Animal Husbandry and Feed Science 2017年第4期9卷 204-205,215页

作者： Jia Xiuwei Wu Jing Sun Zhihao Zhang Zhou Yin Xijun Li Wenxue Department of Animal Medicine Agricultural College of Yanbian University Department of Animal Science Agricultural College of Yanbian University

[ Objective] The paper was to test the feasibility of embryo transfer technique in pig production. [ Method ] Twenty-four estrus muhiparity Landraee sows provided by Longjing Agricultural Science and Technology Institute were performed embryo transfer surgery, and postoperative effects were observed. [ Result] Totally 11 out of 24 receptor sows were pregnant ; pregnant sows delivered 67 cloned piglets, and the average farrowing rate of sows was approximately 6 piglets/sow. There were 22 mortalities of newborn piglets because of various reasons. [ Conclusion] Embryo transfer technique is an indispensable link in pig production, and an important means of pig breeding and improvement.

关键词： Embryo transfer technique landrace Surgical method

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Genetic Effects of ADAMTS-1 Gene on Reproductive Traits in landrace Pig

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Agricultural Science & Technology 2008年第4期9卷 25-28,55页

作者：徐珊珊于丽丽乐凯安徽省农业科学院畜牧兽医研究所安徽合肥230031 华中农业大学湖北武汉430070

The nucleotide sequences in exon 7 of a disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs-1(ADAMTS-1)gene in landrace pig were obtained with cloning and sequencing by using PCR-RFLP technique in this *** alignment results showed that the C/G substitution in exon 7 induced amino acid change(Arg → Pro).AA,BB and AB genotypes were found in landrace pig by PvuⅡ-*** analysis between genotypes and reproductive traits indicated that ADAMTS-1 was significantly correlated with litter size(LS)and number born alive(NBA).

关键词： landrace pig ADAMTS-1 Litter size Genetic effect

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Analysis of SSRs Uncovers Hierarchical Structure and Genetic Diversity in Chinese Soybean landraces

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Agricultural Sciences in China 2010年第12期9卷 1739-1748页

作者： LI Ying-hui Marinus J M Smulders CHANG Ru-zhen QIU Li-juan The National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement (NFCRI)/Key Lab of Germplasm Utilization Ministry of Agriculture (MOA)/Institute of Crop Sciences Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Beijing 100081 P.R. China Plant Research International Wageningen UR Wageningen 6700 AA The Netherland

For clarifying the hierarchical patterns of population structure of soybean landraces in China, the seven clusters previously identified using Bayesian clustering of 1 504 soybean landraces based on SSR markers genotyping data were further analyzed. Using the largest value of AK, these landraces could be split into 20 sub-clusters, which was supported by highly significant pairwise Fst-values and generally in accordance with the geographic origin and sowing types. The autumn-sowing types ended up in one distinct sub-cluster from the otherwise summer-sowing type, where the autumn- sowing types are most likely derived from. The division into 20 sub-clusters explained 7.3% of the genetic variation, next to 9.7% present among the seven clusters, 81.1% residing among landraces within sub-clusters, and 1.9% within the landraces. The distribution pattern of genetic diversity among the sub-clusters of each cluster was uneven, with two HSuM sub-clusters （Central China） and some South China sub-clusters showing significantly higher level of genetic diversity.

关键词： soybean landrace hierarchical structure diversity

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Leaf Traits and Antioxidant Defense for Drought Tolerance During Early Growth Stage in Some Popular Traditional Rice landraces from Koraput, India

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Rice science 2017年第4期24卷 207-217页

作者： Swati Sakambari MISHRA Debabrata PANDA Department of Biodiversity and Conservation of Natural Resources Central University of Orissa Koraput 764021 Odisha India

Three popular traditional rice landraces, namely Kalajeera, Machakanta and Haladichudi, from Koraput, India were used to analyse the leaf traits and antioxidant defence for drought tolerance. When rice plants were exposed to different levels of drought stress by varying concentrations of polyethylene glycol （PEG） 6000, seed germination and growth parameters were significantly declined in all the rice landraces compared to the control. Drought stress also altered the leaf phenotypic traits based on chlorophyll fluorescence parameters and chlorophyll index, with more significant differences in susceptible variety IR64 than in traditional landraces. Furthermore, activities of antioxidative enzymes and proline and protein contents overtly increased under drought stress. The traditional rice landraces showed higher relative ratios for different parameters compared to the susceptible variety IR64. Taken together, the traditional landraces had superior leaf physiological efficiency compared to the susceptible and tolerant check varieties under drought stress.

关键词： antioxidant enzyme drought stress landrace phenotype rice leaf trait polyethylene glycol

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Salt Tolerance Mechanisms and Approaches:Future Scope of Halotolerant Genes and Rice landraces

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Rice science 2020年第5期27卷 368-383页

作者： Tarun Bhatt Aditi Sharma Sanjeev Puri Anu Priya Minhas Department of Biotechnology University Institute of Engineering and TechnologySector-25Panjab UniversityChandigarh 160014India

All rice plant developmental stages are severely affected by soil salinity. Salinity-induced ionic and osmotic stresses affect stomata closure and gaseous exchange, and reduce transpiration and the rate of carbon assimilation, and hence decrease plant yield. Understanding the response of rice plants toward salinity stress at the genetic level and developing salt-tolerant varieties are the vital mandates for its effective management. This review described the present status of salt-tolerance achieved in rice by various mechanisms including the ion homeostasis(Na^+/H^+, OsNHX antiporters), compatible organic solutes(glycine betaine and proline), antioxidative genes(OsECS, OsVTE1, OsAPX and OsMSRA4.1), salt responsive regulatory elements(transcription factors, cis-acting elements and miRNAs) and genes ecoding protein kinases(MAPKs, SAPKs and STRKs). Further, the future perspective of developing salt-tolerant varieties lies in exploring halotolerant gene homologs from rice varieties, especially the landraces. Genetic diversity among rice landraces can serve as a valuable resource for future studies toward variety improvement through breeding and genome editing. Further, identification, multiplication, preservation and utilization of biodiversity among landraces are the urgent buffers to be saved as a heritage for future generations to come.

关键词： rice soil salinity ion homeostasis halotolerant landrace

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Grain zinc and iron concentrations of Chinese wheat landraces and cultivars and their responses to foliar micronutrient applications

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2022年第2期21卷 532-541页

作者： JIANG Li-na MA Jing-li WANG Xiao-jie LIU Gang-gang ZHU Zhao-long QI Chen-yang ZHANG Ling-fang LI Chun-xi WANG Zhi-min HAO Bao-zhen College of Life Sciences Henan Normal UniversityXinxiang 453007P.R.China chool of Life Science and Basic Medicine Xinxiang UniversityXinxiang 453003P.R.China College of Agronomy China Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193P.R.China

Grain zinc(Zn) and iron(Fe) concentrations and their responses to foliar application of micronutrients in 28 Chinese wheat landraces and 63 cultivars were investigated in a two-year field experiment. The average grain Zn and Fe concentrations were 41.8 mg kg^(-1)(29.0-63.3 mg kg^(-1)) and 39.7 mg kg^(-1)(27.9-67.0 mg kg^(-1)), respectively. Compared with cultivars, landraces had greater grain Zn(11.0%) and Fe(4.8%) concentrations but lower harvest index(HI), grain weight per spike(GWS), grain number per spike(GNS) and thousand grain weight(TGW). Both Zn and Fe concentrations were negatively and significantly correlated with HI, GWS, and GNS, while showed a poor association with TGW, suggesting that lower HI, GWS, and GNS, but not TGW, accounted for higher Zn and Fe concentrations for landraces than for cultivars. Grain Zn concentrations of both cultivars and landraces significantly increased after foliar Zn spray and the increase was two-fold greater for landraces(12.6 mg kg^(-1)) than for cultivars(6.4 mg kg^(-1)). Foliar Fe spray increased grain Fe concentrations of landraces(3.4 mg kg^(-1)) and cultivars(1.2 mg kg^(-1)), but these increases were not statistically significant. This study showed that Chinese wheat landraces had higher grain Zn and Fe concentrations than cultivars, and greater increases occurred in grain Zn concentration than in grain Fe concentration in response to fertilization, suggesting that Chinese wheat landraces could serve as a potential genetic source for enhancing grain mineral levels in modern wheat cultivars.

关键词： wheat cultivar landrace foliar application of micronutrients

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Comparative Analysis of Genetic Diversity in landraces of Waxy Maize from Yunnan and Guizhou Using SSR Markers

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Agricultural Sciences in China 2005年第9期4卷 648-653页

作者： LIU Yong-jian HUANG Yu-bi RONG Ting-zhao TIAN Meng-liang YANG Jun-pin College of Agriculture Sichuan Agricultural University Ya＇an 625014 P.R. China Maize Research Institute Sichuan Agrieultural University Ya＇an 625014 P.R.China Crop Research Institute Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences Chengdu 610017 P.R.China

Waxy maize landraces are abundant inYunnan and Guizhou of China. Genetic diversity of waxy maize landraces from Yunnan and Guizhou were analyzed using SSR markers. We screened 38 landraces with 50 primers that generated 3 to 6 polymorphic bands, with an average of 4.13 bands. Shannon＇s information indices for genetic diversity of the 14 waxy maize landraces from Yunnan varied from 4.9571 to 42.1138 and averaged 26.5252; Shannon＇s information indices for genetic diversity of the 24 waxy maize landraces from Guizhou varied from 22.0066 to 40.6320 and averaged 32.3156. For the 14 waxy maize landraces from Yunnan, the within-landrace genetic diversity accounted for 45.40% and the among-landrace genetic diversity accounted for 54.60% of the total genetic diversity observed. For the 24 waxy maize landraces from Guizhou, the within-landrace genetic diversity accounted for 50.76% and the among-landrace genetic diversity accounted for 49.24% of the total observed. Some individual landraces possessed as much as 96.86% of the total genetic diversity occurring among landraces within origins. Differentiation between geographic origins accounted for only 3.14% of the total genetic diversity. Both Yunnan and Guizhou would be the diversity centers and the original centers of waxy maize.

关键词： Genetic diversity Simple sequence repeat landrace Waxy maize

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Analysis of Genetic Diversity Among Sweetpotato landraces in China

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2004年第12期 9-16页

作者： HE Xue-qin, LIU Qing-chang, WANG Yu-ping and ZHAI Hong Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture/Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, China Agricultural University,Beijing 100094, P.R.China

Genetic diversity of 48 sweetpotato landraces randomly sampled from Anhui,Fujian, Henan and Guangdong provinces in China was analyzed using RAPD, ISSR and AFLP markers. Thirty RAPD primers, 14 ISSR primers and 9 AFLP primer pairs generated 227, 249 and 260 polymorphic bands, respectively. AFLP markers were better than RAPD and ISSR markers in terms of the number of polymorphic bands detected and the experimental stability. These three molecular markers revealed the similar results that Chinese landraces exhibited a high level of genetic diversity, and the genetic variation of Guangdong landraces was significantly higher than those of the landraces from the other three regions. These results supported the hypothesis that China was a secondary center of sweetpotato diversity. The present results also supported the view that sweetpotato was first introduced to Guangdong and from there spread to other regions of China. The dendrogram based on the combined RAPD, ISSR and AFLP dataset could separate the 48 landraces into two groups: One mainly including 8 landraces from Guangdong and the other consisting of the remaining landraces from Guangdong and landraces from the other three regions. Thus, the utilization of Guangdong landraces should be specially considered in sweetpotato breeding.

关键词： Sweetpotato landrace Genetic diversity RAPD ISSR AFLP

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Genetic Diversity of Gli-1, Gli-2 and Glu-1 Alleles in Sichuan Wheat landraces

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Acta Botanica Sinica 2000年第5期42卷 496-501页

作者：魏育明郑有良刘登才周永红兰秀锦四川农业大学小麦研究所都江堰611830

Genetic diversity at Gli_1, Gli_2 and Glu_1 loci was investigated in 89 Sichuan wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) landraces by using acid polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (APAGE) and SDS_PAGE. In these landraces, a total of 32 gliadin and 3 high_molecular_weight (HMW) glutenin patterns were observed. In total, 14, 15 and 5 alleles were identified at Gli_1, Gli_2 and Glu_1, respectively. At each locus, the alleles in higher frequency were Gli_A1a (89%), Gli_B1h (46%), Gli_D1a (65%), Gli_A2a (64%), Gli_B2j (45%), Gli_D2a (48%), Glu_A1c (99%), Glu_B1b (99%) and Glu_D1a (100%). The Nei's genetic variation index (H) of Sichuan wheat landraces was 0.370?6, varying from 0 to 0.708?7. The highest genetic diversity was found at Gli_B2 locus, while the lowest was found at Glu_D1. The genetic diversity at Gli loci was higher than that of Glu_1 loci among these landraces, but it was much lower than that of modern wheat cultivars. These results indicated a narrow genetic base of Sichuan wheat landraces. In this study, “Chengdu_guangtou” had the identical gliadin and HMW_glutenin patterns with “Chinese Spring”, further supporting the proposal that “Chinese Spring” is a strain of “Chengdu_guangtou”.

关键词： wheat landrace genetic diversity gliadin alleles high_molecular_weight (HMW)_glutenin alleles

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