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Soil erosion: An important indicator for the assessment of land degradation neutrality in Russia

International Soil and Water Conservation Research 2020年第4期8卷 418-429页

作者： Petr Tsvmbarovich German Kust Mikhail Kumani Valentin Golosov Olga Andreeva Institute of Geography RAS Russian Academy of SciencesMoscowRussia Lomonosov Moscow State University MoscowRussia Kursk State University KurskRussia

This review of soil erosion(SE)studies in Russia focuses on two main tasks:(i)ensuring the completeness and reliability of SE data in Russia,a large country(17.1 million km2)with a variety of natural and socio-economic causes of land degradation,(ii)assessing the possibility of including a SE indicator among the indicators of land degradation neutrality(LDN).A wide range of statistical,remote sensing,mathematical modeling *** results of scientific and field studies obtained at different levels were *** is asserted that in Russia the total area of eroded lands and those under erosion risk occupy more than 50%of all agricultural lands,whereas soil fertility of croplands decreased in Soviet time(from 1950s to 1980s)by 30-60%only due to water ***,recent scientific studies indicate a decrease in erosion rate and in the area of eroded land during the last 30-40 years as a result of abandonment of arable land and subsequent overgrown with natural *** climate change resulting in decrease of the depth of soil freezing,flow of spring runoff also adds to the decrease of soil *** SE indicator was suggested as an important complement to three global LDN *** national and subnational level,it can be interpreted through such indices as"Rate of soil loss"(ton ha-1 yr-1)and"Total soil loss"(1000 tons,in certain area during selected time period).At local level the set of indices can be wider and site-specific,including those obtained through remote sensing data by using the classifier of thematic applications of remote sensing technologies;the example was tested at the local site.

关键词： Russian Federation Soil erosion land degradation neutrality

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Desertification: China provides a solution to a global challenge

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Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering 2017年第4期4卷 402-413页

作者： Yingshuang BAO Leilei CHENG Yanfeng BAO Liu YANG Lina JIANG Chao LONG Zhe KONG Peng PENG Jun XIAO Qi LU Institute of Desertification Studies Chinese Academy of Forestry Research Institute of Forestry New Technology Chinese Academy of Forestry Asia-Pacific Network for Sustainable Forest Management and Rehabilitation

Desertification has been caused by various factors and is a major environmental problem and development bottleneck faced by the world. It is also a serious threat to ecological security and to sustainable economic and social development. As a stubborn world problem, focused on by the United Nations 2030 sustainable development goal 15.3, China aims to combat desertification by implementing the "eight-column fourbeam" strategy, and also suggest the "four-medicine"approach for global desertification governance. This includes the development of the United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification protocol, unified global compliance and compliance metrics; building a global observation network, and monitoring land changes based on remote sense; preparing the global natural desert(heritage) list, leaving the original deserts for future generations; initiating the global action of combating desertification, and striving to achieve a land degradationneutral world by 2030.

关键词： desertification global governance land degradation neutrality LDN origin status strategy sustainable development

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Quantitative Analysis of land degradation in Mongolia from the Perspective of Geographical Zone

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Journal of Resources and Ecology 2024年第5期15卷 1185-1192页

作者： HAN Tengfei WANG Juanle HAN Baomin School of Civil Engineering and Geomatics Shandong University of TechnologyZiboShandong 255049China State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Information Systems Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchChineseAcademy of SciencesBeijing 100101China Jiangsu Center for Collaborative Innovation in Geographical Information Resource Development and Application Nanjing 210023China

Natural and anthropogenic disturbances accelerate land degradation(LD)in arid,semi-arid,and dry sub-humid areas,leading to reduced land quality and productivity,loss of biodiversity,degradation of ecosystem services,and a decline in the quality of life of local *** address this issue,the United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification(UNCCD)has set a target for LD neutrality(LDN).However,quantifying and comparing the status of LD at global or regional scales remains challenging due to the lack of coherent quantitative methods and *** this study,we focused on Mongolia,a region with significant LD problems,to examine patterns of LD and changes from 2015 to 2020,accounting for regional *** was used,as recommended by the *** main findings are as follows:(1)Overall,the degraded land area in Mongolia accounted for 12.11%of the total land area,predominantly located in the southwest desert and desert steppe,gradually spreading to the northeast steppe.(2)The areas showing improvement in the land productivity index and degradation were 17.62%and 11.79%,respectively,with the most severely degraded areas concentrated in the southern desert and desert steppe regions.(3)The areas of improvement and degradation in the land cover index were 1.80%and 0.16%,respectively,with degraded areas scattered across regions of steppe,high mountains,and mountain taiga.(4)The areas of improvement and degradation in the land organic carbon index were 1.54%and 0.22%,respectively,with degradation primarily observed in adjacent areas of mountain taiga,steppe,and desert steppe.(5)The improved area(2.999×10^(5)km^(2))of LDN are more than the degraded area(1.895×10^(5)km^(2)),indicating a positive trend toward LDN in Mongolia.

关键词： geographical zone land degradation land degradation neutrality Mongolia Trends.Earth

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