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Effects of land management practices on Soil Water in Southwestern Mountainous Area, China

Agricultural Sciences in China 2008年第7期7卷 871-886页

作者： SHAO Jing-an WEI Chao-fu XIE De-ti College of Resources and Environment Southwest University Chongqing 400716 P.R. China Geography Science Institute of Chongqing Normal University Chongqing 400047 P.R. China

The effects of selected land management practices （cross-sloping tillage, ridge culture, organic manure, and straw mulch） on soil water conservation in a southwestern mountainous area, China, were studied during November 2002 to November 2004. The experimental field is divided into three parts based on soil layer depths, 0-60 cm （part Ⅰ）, 0-40 cm （part Ⅱ）, and 0- 20 cm （part Ⅲ）, and they all had the same slope azimuth （SE）, slope （10°）, and slope type （linear）. The experimental plots were subjected to the following treatments： cross-sloping tillage （CST）; cross-sloping tillage with organic manure （CST/ OM）; cross-sloping tillage with straw mulch （CST/SM）; contour ridge culture （CRC）; contour ridge culture with organic manure （CRC/OM）; and contour ridge culture with straw mulch （CRC/SM）, to identify the effects of management practices on soil water. Water contents were determined for soil samples collected, using a 2.2 cm diameter manual probe. Soil water was monitored once every five days from Nov. 20, 2002 to Nov. 20, 2004. The results indicated that, in the study stages, an integration of rainfall, evaporative losses, and crop transcription controlled the basic tendencies of profile （mean） soil water, while land management practices, to a certain extent, only modified its amount, distribution, and routing. Moreover, these modifications also mainly focused on the first 20 cm depth of topsoil layer. When each management practice was compared with control treatment, season changes of profile （mean） soil water were pronounced, while interannual changes among them were not significant. More comparisons indicated that, in the study stages, contour ridge culture had better effects than cross-sloping tillage. And under the same tillage, the combination of organic manure could achieve more than straw mulch. These management practices should be recommended considering the effectiveness of soil and water management techniques in the southwestern mountainous area, China.

关键词： land management practices soil water precision water management southwestern mountainous area China

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SOIL AGGREGATE AND ITS RESPONSE TO land management practices

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China Particuology 2006年第5期4卷 211-219页

作者： Chaofu Wei Ming Gao Jingan Shao Deti Xie Genxing Pan College of Resource and Environment Southwest University Chongqing 400716 P.R. China Chongqing Key Laboratory of Digital Agriculture Chongqing 400716 P.R. China Institute of Resource Ecosystem and Environment of Agriculture Nanjing Agricultural University Nanjing 210095 P.R. China

This paper provides a broad review of the existing study on soil aggregate and its responses to land management practices. Soil aggregate is used for structural unit, which is a group of primary soil particles that cohere to each other more strongly than other surrounding particles. The mechanism of soil particle aggregation may be expressed by a hierarchical model, which is based upon the hypothesis that macroaggregates （〉250μm） are collections of smaller microaggregates （〈250μm） held together with organic binding agents. Primary particles form microaggregates and then macroaggregates. Carbon （C）-rich young plant residues form and stabilize macroaggregates, whereas old organic C is occluded in the microaggregates. The interaction of aggregate dynamics with soil organic carbon （SOC） is complex and embraces a range of spatial and temporal processes within macroaggregates and microaggregates. The nature and properties of aggregates are determined by the quantity and quality of coarse residues and humic compounds and by the degree of their interaction with soil particles. The mechanisms resulting in the binding of primary soil particles into stable aggregates vary with soil parent material, climate, vegetation, and land management practices. land management practices, including tillage methods, residue management, amendments, and soil fertility management, enhance soil aggregation. However, there is still much uncertainty in the dynamics of organic matter in macroaggregation and microaggregation, and research is still needed to understand further the mechanisms of aggregate formation and its responses to human activities.

关键词： soil structure soil aggregate macroaggregates microaggregates SOC land management practices

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Assessment of soil microbial and enzyme activity in the rhizosphere zone under different land use/cover of a semiarid region, India

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Ecological Processes 2021年第1期10卷 225-236页

作者： Archana Meena K.S.Rao Department of Botany University of RajasthanJaipurRajasthan 302004India. Natural Resource management Laboratory Department of BotanyUniversity of DelhiNorth CampusDelhi 110007India.

Background:land use/cover and management practices are widely known to influence soil organic matter(SOM)quality and *** present study investigated the effect of different land use,i.e.,forests *** forest cover(MFC),Prosopis juliflora(Sw.)DC-dominated forest cover(PFC),and cultivated sites *** field(AF),vegetable field(VF),respectively,on soil parameter,microbial activity,and enzymes involved in soil nutrient cycle in a semiarid region of ***:The results showed a significant reduction(Pmanagement strategies focusing on the conservation of natural forest and minimizing the land disturbances will be effective in preventing soil carbon flux as CO_(2) and maintaining the SC stock.

关键词： land use changes Soil microbes Soil enzymes Semiarid ecosystems land management practices

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Effect of land management on Soil Hydraulic Conductivity in Gidan Kwano, Niger State, Nigeria

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Open Journal of Forestry 2021年第2期11卷 108-116页

作者： John Jiya Musa Otuaro Ebierin Akpoebidimiyen Pius Olufemi Olusegun Dada Johnson Kayode Adewumi Yahaya Usman Gupa Department of Agriculture and Bioresources Engineering Federal University of Technology Minna Nigeria Civil Engineering Department Maritime University Okerenkoko Nigeria Department of Agriculture and Bioresources Engineering Federal University of Agriculture Abeokuta Nigeria Department of Agricultural and Environmental Resource Engineering University of Maiduguri Maiduguri Nigeria

Hydraulic conductivity is one of the most important parameters for flow and transport related phenomena in soil and also a criterion for measuring soil ability to transfer water. There is concern arising from the suitability, efficiency and ease of the different measuring methods use under different land management practices. The purpose of this paper is to determine and evaluate soil hydraulic conductivity under different land management practices which include forest land (teak and Melina plantation), grassland and maize cultivated land using the constant head method. The measurement is at different depth of 0 - 15 cm, 15 - 25 cm, 25 - 50 cm, 50 - 75 cm. The limited means of each land use were used to compare the result obtained through statistical means. All tests were carried out using SPSS at a significance level of 0.05. An ANOVA test was conducted to check if each of the land use is significantly different. The soil in forest zone (Teak plantation and Gmalina plantation) had a significantly high bulk density as 1.7533 cm-3 and 1.6967 cm-3 respectively at depth 50 - 75 cm compared to the low bulk density in the grass, maize cultivated land as 1.5000 cm-3 and 1.4833 cm-3 respectively at depth 50 - 75 cm. However, soil hydraulic conductivity was significantly high in the grass site or soil at the surface with 2.8833 cm·h-1. Results obtained from the different land use serve as Knowledge of variability of soil that can assist in defining the best strategies for sustainable soil management through the pro

关键词： Bulk Density land management practices Porosity Soil Hydraulic Conductivity

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