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An improved modeling of precipitation phase and snow in the lancang river basin in Southwest China

Science China(Technological Sciences) 2021年第7期64卷 1513-1527页

作者： HAN ZhongYing LONG Di HAN PengFei HUANG Qi DU MingDa HOU AiZhong State Key Laboratory of Hydroscience and Engineering Department of Hydraulic EngineeringTsinghua UniversityBeijing100084China Hydrological Forecast Center Ministry of Water Resources of the People’s Republic of ChinaBeijing100053China

Precipitation phase(e.g., rainfall and snowfall) and snow(e.g., snowpack and snowmelt runoff) in high-mountain regions may largely affect runoff generation, which is critical to water supply, hydropower generation, agricultural irrigation, and ecosystems downstream. Accurately modeling precipitation phase and snow is therefore fundamental to developing a better understanding of hydrological processes for high-mountain regions and their lower reaches. The lancang river(LR, or the Upper Mekong river)in China, among the most important transboundary rivers originating from the Tibetan Plateau, features active dam construction and complex water resources allocation of various stakeholders in Southeast Asian countries under climate change. This study aims to improve precipitation phase and snow modeling for the LR basin with a hydrological model and multisource remotely sensed data. Results show that joint use of the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer(MODIS) land surface temperature product with high spatial resolution(1 km×1 km) and an air temperature product can more precisely distinguish precipitation phase than air and wet-bulb temperature products in the LR basin. Snowfall and snowmelt were found to be controlled primarily by rainfall and snowfall temperature thresholds in snow modeling. The rainfall and snowfall temperature thresholds derived from the hydrological model through calibration with remotely sensed snowpack at basin scales were considerably lower than those derived from in situ observations. Rainfall and snowfall temperature thresholds derived from in situ observations could lead to the overestimation of snowmelt runoff due mostly to the lack of representation of point-based measurements at basin scales. This study serves as a basis for better modeling and predicting snow for the LR basin and potentially other similar basins globally.

关键词： distributed hydrological model snowfall snow water equivalent snowmelt lancang river basin

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The evaluation of TRMM tion Analysis （TMPA） in the lancang river basin Multisatellite Precipitadrought monitoring in

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Journal of Geographical Sciences 2012年第2期22卷 273-282页

作者： ZENG Hongwei LI Lijuan LI Jiuyi Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research CASBeijing 100101China Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

Drought is one of the most destructive disasters in the lancang river basin, which is an ungauged basin with strong heterogeneity on terrain and climate. Our validation suggested the version-6 monthly TRMM multi-satellite precipitation analysis （TMPA; 3B43 V.6） product during the period 1998 to 2009 is an alternative precipitation data source with good accuracy. By using the standard precipitation index （SPI）, at the grid point （0.25°×0.25°） and sub-basin spatial scales, this work assessed the effectiveness of TMPA in drought monitoring during the period 1998 to 2009 at the 1-month scale and 3-months scale; validated the monitoring accuracy of TMPA for two severe droughts happened in 2006 and 2009, respectively. Some conclusions are drawn as follows. （1） At the grid point spatial scale, in comparison with the monitoring results between rain gauges （SPIlg） and TMPA grid （SPIls）, both agreed well at the 1-month scale for most of the grid points and those grid points with the lowest critical success index （CSI） are distributed in the middle stream of the lancang river basin. （2） The same as SPIls, the consistency between SPI3s and SPI3g is good for most of the grid points at the 3-months scale, those grid points with the lowest were concentrated in the middle stream and downstream of the lancang river basin. （3） At the 1-month scale and 3-months scale, CSI ranged from 50% to 76% for most of the grid points, which demonstrated high accuracy of TMPA in drought monitoring. （4） At the 3-months scale, based on TMPA basin-wide precipitation estimates, though we tended to overestimate （underestimate） the peaks of dry or wet events, SPI3s detected successfully the occurrence of them over the five sub-basins at the most time and captured the occurrence and development of the two severe droughts happened in 2006 and 2009. This analysis shows that TMPA has the potential for drought monitoring in data-sparse regions.

关键词： meteorology drought TMPA SPI lancang river basin

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