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Significant lake expansion has accelerated permafrost degradation on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau

Journal of Mountain Science 2024年第1期21卷 68-83页

作者： LI Qingpeng LIU Wenhui LIU Hairui ZHOU Guanghao SONG Xianteng LI Qing LUO Bingnan SONG Bangxu ZHANG Qi Department of Geological Engineering Qinghai UniversityXining 810016China College of Eco-Environmental Engineering Qinghai UniversityXining 810016China Xining Center for Integrated Natural Resources Survey China Geological SurveyXining 810000China

In recent years, lakes on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau have become more responsive to climate change. In September 2011, Zonag lake in Hoh Xil experienced sudden drainage, the water eventually flowed into Yanhu lake, which caused Yanhu lake to continue to expand. The potential collapse of Yanhu lake could directly threaten the operational safety of the adjacent Qinghai-Tibet Highway, Qinghai-Tibet Railway. To explore the implications of expanding lakes on the surrounding permafrost, we selected Hoh Xil Yanhu lake on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau to study the effect of lake expansion on permafrost degradation. The permafrost degradation in the Yanhu lake basin from October 2017 to December 2022 was inverted using Sentinel-1 satellite image data and small baseline subset interferometry synthetic aperture radar(SBAS-In SAR) technology. Additionally, permafrost degradation from February 2007 and February 2010 was analyzed using advanced land observing satellite phased array-type L-band synthetic aperture radar(ALOS PALSAR) satellite images and differential interferometric synthetic aperture radar(D-In SAR) technique. The results showed that the permafrost around Yanhu lake experienced accelerated degradation. Prior to the expansion of Yanhu lake, the average annual deformation rate along the line of sight(LOS) direction was 6.7 mm/yr. After the expansion, the rate increased to 20.9 mm/yr. The integration of spatial-temporal distribution maps of surface subsidence, Wudaoliang borehole geothermal data, meteorological data, Yanhu lake surface area changes, and water level changes supports the assertion that the intensified permafrost degradation could be attributed to lake expansion rather than the rising air temperature. Furthermore, permafrost degradation around Yanhu lake could impact vital infrastructure such as the adjacent Qinghai-Tibet Highway and Qinghai-Tibet Railway.

关键词： lake expansion SBAS-InSAR D-InSAR Permafrost deformation Qinghai-Tibet Plateau

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Unraveling the mechanisms underlying lake expansion from 2001 to 2020 and its impact on the ecological environment in a typical alpine basin on the Tibetan Plateau

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China Geology 2023年第2期6卷 216-227页

作者： Chang-chang Fu Xiang-quan Li Xu Cheng Institute of Hydrogeology and Environmental Geology Chinese Academy of Geological SciencesShijiazhuang 050061China Key Laboratory of Quaternary Chronology and Hydrological Environmental Evolution China Geological SurveyShijiazhuang 050061China Airborne Survey and Remote Sensing Center of Nuclear Industry Shijiazhuang 050000China

Yanhu lake basin(YHB)is a typical alpine lake on the northeastern Tibetan Plateau(TP).Its continuous expansion in recent years poses serious threats to downstream major *** a result,studies of the mechanisms underlying lake expansion are urgently *** elasticity method within the Budyko framework was used to calculate the water balance in the Yanhu lake basin(YHB)and the neighboring Tuotuo River basin(TRB).Results show intensification of hydrological cycles and positive trends in the lake area,river runoff,precipitation,and potential *** expansion was significant between 2001 and 2020 and accelerated between 2015 and *** increase was the key factor underlying the hydrological changes,followed by glacier meltwater and *** overflow of Yanhu lake was inevitable because it was connected to three other lakes and the water balance of all four lakes was *** high salinity lake water diverted downstream will greatly impact the water quality of the source area of the Yangtze River and the stability of the permafrost base of the traffic corridor.

关键词： Attribution analysis Budyko framework Climate change lake expansion Water balance Diverting water to the Yangtze River Hydrogeology survey engineering Tibetan Plateau

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lake water storage change estimation and its linkage with terrestrial water storage change in the northeastern Tibetan Plateau

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Journal of Mountain Science 2021年第7期18卷 1737-1747页

作者： LI Ya-wei WANG Yu-zhe XU Min KANG Shi-chang Key Laboratory of Tibetan Environment Changes and Land Surface Processes Institute of Tibetan Plateau ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100039China State Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Science Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and ResourcesChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000China CAS Centre for Excellence in Tibetan Plateau Earth Sciences Beijing 100101China

Tibetan Plateau(TP) lakes are important water resources,which are experiencing quick expansion in recent *** researches mainly focus on analyzing the relationship between terrestrial water storage(TWS) change and lake water storage(LWS) change in the total inner TP,it is still lack of researches about the spatial difference and the characteristic of sub-region in the inner *** this study,we estimated the area change of 34 lakes by using Landsat images in the northeastern TP during 1976–2013,and LWS change by using the Shuttle Radar Topography Mission(SRTM).The results suggested that LWS had shrunk from 1976 to 1994,and then expanded quickly until *** had a serious decrease by 13.6 Gt during 1976–1994,and then it increased quickly by 35.4 Gt during 1994–*** estimated TWS change,soil moisture change,and permafrost degradation based on the satellite data and related models during 2003–*** results indicated that their changing rates were 1.86 Gt/y,0.22 Gt/y,and –0.19 Gt/y,*** also calculated the change of groundwater based on the mass balance with a decreasing trend of –0.054 Gt/*** results suggested that the cause of TWS change was the increase of *** analyzed the cause of lake change according to water balance,and found that the primary cause of lake expansion was the increasing precipitation(80.7%),followed by glacier meltwater(10.3%) and permafrost degradation(9%).The spatial difference between LWS change and TWS change should be studied further,which is important to understand the driving mechanism of water resources change.

关键词： lake expansion GRACE Water storage change Precipitation Glacier meltwater

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Using remote sensing technology to monitor salt lake changes caused by climate change and melting glaciers:insights from Zabuye Salt lake in Xizang

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Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2023年第4期41卷 1258-1276页

作者： Tingyue LIU Jingjing DAI Yuanyi ZHAO Shufang TIAN Zhen NIE Chuanyong YE School of Earth Sciences and Resources China University of GeosciencesBeijing 100083China Institute of Mineral Resources Chinese Academy of Geological SciencesBeijing 100037China

Zabuye Salt lake(ZSL)in Xizang is the only saline lake in the world with natural crystalline lithium *** it is an important lithium production base in China,any changes of this lake are *** climate change(CC)has affected the hydrological conditions of glaciers,lakes,and ecosystems in the Tibetan Plateau(TP).With the aim of monitoring dynamic hydrological changes in ZSL and Lunggar Glaciers(LG)to identify factors governing lake changes,and to estimate the potential damage to grasslands and salt pans,Landsat remote sensing(RS)and meteorological data were used to do a series of experiments and ***,according to the spectral characteristics(SC),salt lake,glaciers,grasslands,and salt pans around the salt lake were extracted by band calculation(BC).Secondly,basin and water areas of the expanded lake were estimated using a shuttle radar topography mission(SRTM)digital elevation model(DEM).Thirdly,comprehensive analyses of lake and glacier area changes,and regional meteorological factors(annual average temperature,annual precipitation,and evaporation)were performed,and the results show that ZSL expanded at a rate of 5.28 km^(2)/a,it is likely to continue *** was closely related to the large-scale melting of a glacier caused by rising *** lake expansion(LE)will exert different effects on surrounding grasslands and salt pans,7.84 km^(2)of grassland and 2.7 km^(2)of salt pan will be submerged with every meter of water increase in the *** prediction methods was used to monitor other lakes on the *** Co,Selin Co,and Chaerhan salt lakes all expanded at different rates,and may potentially cause different levels of potential harm to surrounding grasslands and *** study contributes to salt lake research and demonstrates the superiority of RS technology for monitoring saline lakes.

关键词： Tibetan Plateau Zabuye Salt lake climate change remote sensing lake expansion

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