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Characterization and laboratory-scale Treatment of Municipal Drainage Wastewater of Khulna, Bangladesh

Journal of Water Resource and Protection 2018年第10期10卷 979-993页

作者： Md Rasel Sheikh Md Saiful Islam Department of Disaster Resilience and Engineering Patuakhali Science and Technology University Patuakhali Bangladesh Department of Civil Engineering Khulna University of Engineering and Technology Khulna Bangladesh

The study was conducted to characterize and perform laboratory-scale treatment of municipal drainage wastewater of Khulna, Bangladesh. Wastewater samples were collected from three different points of existing urban drain outlets into the Mayur River around Khulna. laboratory testing shows the BOD5 and COD concentration of wastewater samples varied from 57 - 226 mg/l and 320 - 435 mg/l, respectively, and the total dissolved solids ranged from 1800 - 2525 mg/l. Therefore, a laboratory-scale treatment technology was developed to treat this wastewater. Treatment technologies adopted were primary sedimentation, followed by aeration, chemical precipitation and filtration. In treated wastewater, BOD5, COD and TDS were found to be in the range of 40 - 115 mg/l, 160 - 256 mg/l and 1356 - 1500 mg/l, respectively. These test results suggest that the performance of laboratory-scale treatment plant was not adequate to fulfil the acceptable limit (ECR’97) for safe disposal into surface water bodies. Due to poor quality of effluents, modification of laboratory-scale treatment plant was made by an activated sludge process followed by granular media filtration. The final BOD5, COD TDS and TSS concentration of effluents was found to be 1.38 - 9.8 mg/l, 32 - 192 mg/l, 590 - 1667 mg/l, and 35 - 95 mg/l respectively, which satisfy ECR’97 standard limits for safe disposal into inland water bodies.

关键词： Drainage Wastewater laboratory-scale Treatment Activated Sludge Process Granular Filter Media Effluents

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laboratory pull-out tests on fully grouted rock bolts and cable bolts:Results and lessons learned

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2017年第5期9卷 843-855页

作者： Isabelle Thenevin Laura Blanco-Martín Faouzi Hadj-Hassen Jacques Schleifer Zbigniew Lubosik Aleksander Wrana MINES ParisTech Department of Geosciences PSL Research University 35 rue Saint Honoré Fontainebleau Cedex 77305 France Department of Extraction Technology and Mining Support Central Mining Institute (GIG) Katowice Poland

laboratory pull-out tests were conducted on the following rock bolts and cable bolts:steel rebars,smooth steel bars,fiberglass reinforced polymer threaded bolts,flexible cable bolts,IR5/IN special cable bolts and Mini-cage cable *** diameter of the tested bolts was between 16 mm and 26 *** bolts were grouted in a sandstone sample using resin or cement *** tests were conducted under either constant radial stiffness or constant confining pressure boundary conditions applied on the outer surface of the rock *** most tests,the rate of displacement was about 0.02 mm/*** tests were performed using a pull-out bench that allows testing a wide range of *** paper provides an extensive database of laboratory pull-out test results and confirms the influence of the confining pressure and the embedment length on the pull-out response(rock bolts and cable bolts).It also highlights the sensitivity of the results to the operating conditions and to the behavior of the sample as a whole,which cannot be neglected when the test results are used to assess the bolt-grout or the grouterock interface.

关键词： Pull-out test Fully grouted bolts laboratory-scale Confining pressure Embedment length Bolt-grout interface

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