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Optimized nitrogen application for maximizing yield and minimizing nitrogen loss in film mulching spring maize production on the loess plateau,China

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2024年第5期23卷 1671-1684页

作者： Qilong Song Jie Zhang Fangfang Zhang Yufang Shen Shanchao Yue Shiqing Li State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the loess plateau College of Natural Resources and EnvironmentNorthwestA&FUniversityYangling712100China Life Science Department Luoyang Normal UniversityLuoyang 471934China

Excessive use of N fertilizers(driven by high-yield goals)and its consequent environmental problems are becoming increasingly acute in agricultural systems.A 2-year field experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of three N application methods(application of solid granular urea once(OF)or twice(TF),application of solid granular urea mixed with controlled-release urea once(MF),and six N rates(0,60,120,180,240,and 300 kg N ha^(-1))on maize yield,economic benefits,N use efficiency,and soil N balance in the maize(Zea mays L.)film mulching system on the loess plateau,*** grain yield and economic return of maize were significantly affected by the N rate and application *** with the OF treatment,the MF treatment not only increased the maize yield(increased by 9.0-16.7%)but also improved the economic return(increased by 10.9-25.8%).The agronomic N use efficiency(NAE),N partial factor productivity(NPFP)and recovery N efficiency(NRE)were significantly improved by 19.3-66.7,9.0-16.7 and 40.2-71.5%,respectively,compared with the OF *** economic optimal N rate(EONR)of the OF,TF,and MF was 145.6,147.2,and 144.9 kg ha^(-1) in 2019,and 206.4,186.4,and 146.0 kg ha^(-1) in 2020,*** apparent soil N loss at EONR of the OF,TF,and MF were 97.1-100.5,78.5-79.3,and 50.5-68.1 kg ha^(-1),*** results support MF as a one-time N application method for delivering high yields and economic benefits,with low N input requirements within film mulching spring maize system on the loess plateau.

关键词： maize yield N management economic optimal N rate loess plateau

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Spatiotemporal variations in ecosystem services and their trade-offs and synergies against the background of the gully control and land consolidation project on the loess plateau,China

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Journal of Arid Land 2024年第1期16卷 131-145页

作者： WANG Jing WEI Yulu PENG Biao LIU Siqi LI Jianfeng Key Laboratory of Degraded and Unused Land Consolidation Engineering Ministry of Natural and ResourcesXi'an 710075China Institute of Land Engineering and Technology Shaanxi Provincial Land Engineering Construction Group Co.Ltd.Xi'an 710021China School of Human Settlements and Civil Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'an 710049China Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Land Consolidation Xi'an 710064China

Studying the spatiotemporal variations in ecosystem services and their interrelationships on the loess plateau against the background of the gully control and land consolidation(GCLC)project has significant implications for ecological protection and quality development of the Yellow River ***,in this study,we took Yan'an City,Shaanxi Province of China,as the study area,selected four typical ecosystem services,including soil conservation service,water yield service,carbon storage service,and habitat quality service,and quantitatively evaluated the spatiotemporal variation characteristics and trade-offs and synergies of ecosystem services from 2010 to 2018 using the Integrated Valuation of Ecosystem Services and Trade-offs(InVEST)*** also analysed the relationship between the GCLC project and regional ecosystem service changes in various regions(including 1 city,2 districts,and 10 counties)of Yan'an City and proposed a coordinated development strategy between the GCLC project and the ecological *** results showed that,from 2010 to 2018,soil conservation service decreased by 7.76%,while the other three ecosystem services changed relatively little,with water yield service increasing by 0.56% and carbon storage service and habitat quality service decreasing by 0.16% and 0.14%,*** ecological environment of Yan'an City developed in a balanced way between 2010 and 2018,and the four ecosystem services showed synergistic relationships,among which the synergistic relationships between soil conservation service and water yield service and between carbon storage service and habitat quality service were *** GCLC project had a negative impact on the ecosystem services of Yan'an City,and the impact on carbon storage service was more *** study provides a theoretical basis for the scientific evaluation of the ecological benefits of the GCLC project and the realization of a win-win situation between food security and e

关键词： ecosystem services trade-offs and synergies gully control and land consolidation habitat quality Integrated Valuation of Ecosystem Services and Trade-offs(InVEST)model loess plateau

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Assessment of natural and anthropogenic impacts on terrestrial water storage in the loess plateau based on different types of GRACE/GRACE-FO solutions

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Journal of Mountain Science 2024年第7期21卷 2173-2192页

作者： ZHANG Cheng CHEN Peng ZHU Chengchang LU Jierui ZHANG Yuchen YANG Xinyue WU Mengyan College of Geomatics Xi'an University of Science and TechnologyXi'an 710054China State Key Laboratory of Geodesy and Earth’s Dynamics Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesWuhan 430077China

Changes in water resource storage are inevitable due to climate change and human activities,thus understanding alterations in water storage within a specific region is imperative for the planning and management of water *** from the Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment(GRACE)satellite mission are extensively employed to analyze large-scale total terrestrial water storage anomalies(TWSA).In this study,we derived a more reliable TWSA using different types of GRACE gravity models,which served as the basis for evaluating spatial and temporal variations in total terrestrial water storage and its hydrological components(soil moisture and groundwater)across the loess ***,we analyzed the impact of natural and anthropogenic influences on water storage in the loess plateau,categorizing them into primary and secondary influences,utilizing data on climate and human *** findings revealed a declining trend in the overall TWSA of the loess plateau,with a rate of decrease at-0.65±0.05 cm/yr from 2003 to 2020(Ploess *** in-depth studies showed that soil moisture changes in the study area were primarily driven by evapotranspiration and temperature,with precipitation and vegetation cover status playing a secondary *** activities had a secondary effect on soil moisture in some *** change and agricultural development were major factors in altering groundwater storage in the study *** than that,groundwater was influenced by natural factors to a limited *** findings provided valuable insights for local governments to implement proactive water management policies.

关键词： GRACE Terrestrial water storage Human activity loess plateau

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Building a More Sustainable Chinese loess plateau

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Journal of Earth Science 2024年第1期35卷 283-287页

作者： Peiyue Li Xiaomei Kou Yong Wang Le Niu School of Water and Environment Chang'an UniversityXi'an 710054China Key Laboratory of Subsurface Hydrology and Ecological Effects in Arid Region of the Ministry of Education Chang'an UniversityXi'an 710054China Key Laboratory of Eco-Hydrology and Water Security in Arid and Semi-Arid Regions of the Ministry of Water Resources Chang'an UniversityXi'an 710054China PowerChina Northwest Engineering Corporation Limited Xi'an 710065China PowerChina Sinohydro Bureau 3 Co. LTD.Xi'an 710024China

The Chinese loess plateau,a region of remarkable ecological and economic value,grapples with significant water management challenges due to its distinctive geology and *** perspective offers a short review of the eco-environmental protection measures undertaken in the loess plateau,underscoring the transformative impacts of initiatives such as the“Grain for Green”***,it also highlights the enduring challenges,including land degradation,water resources issues,socio-economic inequities,and the implications of climate ***,water management emerges as a pivotal issue with far-reaching repercussions for soil conservation,biodiversity,and human *** paper concludes by proposing future actions,emphasizing the necessity for policy modifications,novel initiatives,and research to tackle these challenges and foster sustainable development in the loess *** insights gained from this region could offer invaluable lessons for other regions confronted with similar challenges,thereby contributing to global efforts to mitigate desertification and champion sustainable development.

关键词： loess plateau eco-environmental protection water management sustainable development climate change

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Response of soil nutrients to terracing and environmental factors in the loess plateau of China

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Geography and Sustainability 2024年第2期5卷 230-240页

作者： Die Chen Wei Wei Liding Chen Bojun Ma Hao Li Department of Soil and Water Conservation Changjiang River Scientific Research InstituteWuhan 430010China State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology Research Center for Eco-environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Research Center on Mountain Torrent&Geologic Disaster Prevention of Ministry of Water Resources Wuhan 430010China

Terracing is a widely adopted agricultural practice in mountainous regions around the world that aims to conserve soil and water *** nutrients play a crucial role in determining soil quality,particularly in landscapes prone to *** are influenced by factors such as land-use type,slope aspect,and *** this study,we sought to examine the impact of terracing on soil nutrients(soil organic content(SOC),total nitrogen(TN),nitrate-nitrogen(NO_(3)^(-)-N),ammonium nitrogen(NH_(4)^(+)-N),total phosphorus(TP),available phosphorus(AP),total potassium(TK),and available potassium(AK))and how they vary with environmental factors in the Chinese loess *** the growing season,we collected 540 soil samples from the 0 to 100 cm soil layer across five major land-use types,different slope aspects,and varying ***,a meta-analysis of literature data further corroborated the effective accumulation of soil nutrients through terracing in the loess *** findings are as follows:(1)Terraced fields,regardless of land-use type,showed a significant improvement in SOC and TN content.(2)Soil nutrient contents within terraced fields were predominantly higher on sunny slopes.(3)Terraces at lower altitudes are characterized by elevated SOC concentrations.(4)A meta-analysis of literature data pertaining to terracing and soil nutrients in this region confirmed the effective accumulation of soil nutri-ents through *** elucidated outcomes of this study offer a profound theoretical underpinning for the accurate planning and management of terraces,the scientific utilization of land resources,and the enhancement of land productivity.

关键词： Terrace Soil nutrients Land-use Slope aspect Altitude loess plateau

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Structure and functional heterogeneity of soil microbial communities in different farmland types on the loess plateau

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地球环境学报 2024年第4期15卷 653-664页

作者： XU Chen SU Cuicui CHEN Yiping MA Jifu WU Junhua JIANG Yao State Key Laboratory of loess and Quaternary Geology Institute of Earth EnvironmentChinese Academy of SciencesXi’an 710061China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Xi’an Institute for Innovative Earth Environment Research Xi’an 710061China

Background,aim,and scope Soil microbes are important drivers of nutrient transformation and energy f *** forest land for agricultural use may have profound effects on soil properties and microbial ***,the response of soil microbial communities to soil reclamation in the dryland agroecosystem is less ***,it is necessary to investigate the changes of soil microbial communities driven by land use conversion to promote nutrient cycling in reclaimed *** and methods Based on the metagenomic technique,we evaluated the microbial composition and function of the newly created farmland(NF)after reclamation with two types of traditional farmland(slope farmland(SF),checkdam farmland(CF))on the loess plateau,and explored the response of nutrient cycling function to dominant genera and soil *** The results showed that Proteobacteria,Actinobacteria,and Acidobacteria were prevalent in the three types of *** with SF and CF,NF increased the relative abundance of Actinobacteria and Nocardioides,as well as genes related to amino acid metabolism and carbohydrate *** relative abundance of functional genes related to carbon and nitrogen cycling in the NF was higher than that in the traditional farmland(SF and CF).The relative abundance of nutrient cycling functional genes was positively correlated with dominant genera in the three types of *** for pH,soil physicochemical factors were negatively correlated with genes related to amino acid metabolism and carbon *** Previous studies have shown that the nutrient conditions of the soil may intensify the competition between the eutrophic and oligotrophic microbial *** long-term cultivation and fertilization,the soil properties of traditional farmland were significantly different from those of NF,leading to the differentiation of dominant microbial *** usually have functional redundancy to cope wi

关键词： metagenomics microbial function farmland nutrient cycling loess plateau

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Species composition and influencing factors of understory woody species in Robinia pseudoacacia plantations on the loess plateau

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林业研究:英文版 2023年第6期34卷 1693-1706页

作者： Haijiao Yang Jinfang Gao Chao Pan Shiqi Qing Yun Wu Lina Jiang Zhibin Wang Dihai Wang College of Forestry Northwest A&F UniversityYangling 712100ShaanxiPeople’s Republic of China

Black locust(Robinia pseudoacacia L.)plantations have contributed significantly to soil and water conservation and ecological reconstruction on China’s loess *** the impact of stand and environment on species composition of understory woody plants will improve the stability of existing black locust *** stands were selected in second-generation black locust plantations in tableland and gully areas of the loess *** number of understory tree species in the tablelands was significantly lower than in the gully *** black locust(19.76%)and Rubus corchorifolius L.f.(64.85%)were the most abundant understory tree and shrub species,respectively,in the tableland stands;Broussonetia papyrifera(L.)L’Hé*** Vent.(6.77%)and Acanthopanax senticosus(***.)Harms.(37.22%)were most abundant in the gully *** richness(S),Shannon diversity(H),and evenness index(J)of the understory plants were significantly lower in the tableland stands than in the gully *** diverse understory species and community structures occurred in the gully *** in species diversity among landform positions may be attributed to differences in soil *** addition,77.57%of the variation in understory species composition was explained,among which shrub and herb coverage,stand age,leaf area index,slope and total soil phosphorus in the 10-20 cm layer were the main *** organic carbon and total potassium significantly impacted S,H and *** the environmental conditions and the biological characteristics of the plants investigated,*** should be given priority in the development of tableland stands,while *** and Celtis sinensis *** form mixed forests with black locust in gully *** management could promote biodiversity and stability of the existing black locust plantations but also optimize regional landscape patterns.

关键词： Black locust plantation Understory woody plants Species composition Species diversity pattern loess plateau

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Agricultural sustainability in a sensitive environment——a case analysis of loess plateau in China

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2002年第3期14卷 357-366页

作者： KongZH ZhangXS TheLaboratoryofQuantitativeVegetationEcology TheInstituteofBotanyChineseAcademyofSciencesBeijin100093China.E－mail：zhkong@*** TheLaboratoryofQuantitativeVegetationEcology TheInstituteofBo

loess plateau, an arid and semi arid region in Northwest China, is well known for its most serious soil erosion in terms of sediment yield each year. Soil erosion, which is intensified by agricultural activities, is the major factor influencing sustainable agriculture development in this region. It reduces productivity by removing nutrients and especially reducing water availability that is essential for crop production in the area. It also brings about off site costs by demanding more efforts for maintenance of banks and dams along Yellow River through raising the riverbed with sediment. Climate is capricious and extreme weather conditions occur frequently, which impairs normal agricultural production with erosion and also decrease of water availability. Extensive way of farming still dominates on the loess plateau, which cannot produce satisfying economic results and needs to be improved or altered. Conventional agricultural production pattern needs to be reconsidered for husbandry has not been granted its due position. Agriculture is the backbone of economy. Poor agricultural production impedes economic development and vice versa, backward economy also influences the advancement of agriculture. Besides a large population, education status of farmers is another threshold that requires being resolved for a sustainable agriculture. Although conventional agriculture has been practiced there for more than 5000 years, now it cannot meet the demand for food and fiber by the increasing population and some of its farming practices are contributing to environmental degradation directly or indirectly and can sustain no longer. Agriculture on loess plateau needs to find its own way of sustainability. To work toward a sustainable agriculture, chances and challenges both indwell on loess plateau.

关键词： loess plateau sustainable agriculture soil erosion water erosion conservation practice

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Effects of land-use pattern change on rainfall-runoff and runoff-sediment relations:a case study in Zichang watershed of the loess plateau of China

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2004年第3期16卷 436-442页

作者： ZHAOWen-wu FUBo-jie MENGQing-hua ZHANGQiu-ju ZHANGYin-hui KeyLab.ofSystemsEcology ResearchCenterforEco-EnviromnentalSciences.ChineseAcademyofSciences.Beijing100085China InstituteofGeographicalSciencesandNaturalResourcesResearch ChineseAcademyofSciencesBeijing100101China

The purpose of this article is to identify the effect of land use pattern on rainfall runoff and runoff sediment relations in Zichang Watershed of the loess plateau. From 1986 to 1997, many farmlands changed into grassland or woodland, especially the farmland in steep slope positions or far away from the river. The change of land use pattern altered the rainfall runoff and runoff sediment relationships, and led to higher slope of trend curves(STCs) of annual rainfall runoff mass curve and runoff sediment mass curve in 1990s than that in 1980s. It is implied that more soil and water loss yielded in 1990s. In order to reduce soil loss, more attentions should be paid to land use pattern and some grass or other herbaceous filter strips should be built along rivers.

关键词： land use rainfall runoff sediment concentration double mass curve slope of trend curve loess plateau

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Soil temperature and moisture sensitivities of soil CO_2 efflux before and after tillage in a wheat field of loess plateau,China

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2011年第1期23卷 79-86页

作者： Hongxing Zhang Xiaoke Wang Zongwei Feng Junzhu Pang Fei Lu Zhiyun Ouyang Hua Zheng Wenzhao Liu Dafeng Hui State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100085 China Institute of Soil and Water Conservation Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Water Resources Shaanxi 722400 China Department of Biological Sciences Tennessee State University 3500 John A. Merritt Blvd. Nashville TN 37209 USA

As a conventional farming practice, tillage has lasted for thousands of years in loess plateau, China. Although recent studies show that tillage is a prominent culprit to soil carbon loss in croplands, few studies have investigated the influences of tillage on the responses of soil CO2 efflux （SCE） to soil temperature and moisture. Using a multi-channel automated CO2 efflux chamber system, we measured SCE in situ continuously before and after the conventional tillage in a rain fed wheat field of loess plateau, China. The changes in soil temperature and moisture sensitivities of SCE, denoted by the Q10 value and linear regression slope respectively, were compared in the same range of soil temperature and moisture before and after the tillage. The results showed that, after the tillage, SCE increased by 1.2-2.2 times; the soil temperature sensitivity increased by 36.1%-37.5%; and the soil moisture sensitivity increased by 140%-166%. Thus, the tillage-induced increase in SCE might partially be attributed to the increases in temperature and moisture sensitivity of SCE.

关键词： soil CO2 efflux loess plateau moisture sensitivity temperature sensitivity tillage wheat field

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