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Thermodynamic Analysis of Liquefied Natural Gas(lng)Production Cycle in APCI Process

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Journal of Thermal Science 2012年第6期21卷 564-571页

作者： Shahrooz Abbasi Nezhad Bezhan Shabani Majid Soleimani Department of Mechanical Engineering Langroud BranchIslamic Azad UniversityLangroudIran

The appropriate production of liquefied natural gas(lng)with least consuming energy and maximum efficiency is quite *** this paper,lng production cycle by means of APCI Process has been *** equilibrium equations and exergy equilibrium equations of each equipment in the APCI cycle were *** equipments are described using rigorous thermodynamics and no significant simplification is *** some operating parameters as key parameters,influences of these parameters on coefficient of performance(COP)and exergy efficiency of the cascading cycle were *** results indicate that COP and exergy efficiency will be improved with the increasing of the inlet pressure of MR(mixed refrigerant)compressors,the decreasing of the NG and MR after precooling process,outlet pressure of turbine,inlet temperature of MR compressor and NG temperature after cooling in main cryogenic heat exchanger(MCHE).The COP and exergy efficiency of the APCI cycle will be above 2% and 40%,respectively,after optimizing the key parameters.

关键词： lng APCI process Coefficient of performance Exergy efficiency

Seismic analysis of a lng storage tank isolated by a multiple friction pendulum system

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Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration 2011年第2期10卷 253-262页

作者： Zhang Ruifu Weng Dagen Ren Xiaosong State Key Laboratory for Disaster Reduction in Civil Engineering Tongji University Shanghai 200092 China

The seismic response of an isolated vertical, cylindrical, extra-large liquefied natural gas （lng） tank by a multiple friction pendulum system （MFPS） is analyzed. Most of the extra-large lng tanks have a fundamental frequency which involves a range of resonance of most earthquake ground motions. It is an effective way to decrease the response of an isolation system used for extra-large lng storage tanks under a strong earthquake. However, it is difficult to implement in practice with common isolation bearings due to issues such as low temperature, soft site and other severe environment factors. The extra-large lng tank isolated by a MFPS is presented in this study to address these problems. A MFPS is appropriate for large displacements induced by earthquakes with long predominant periods. A simplified finite element model by Malhotra and Dunkerley is used to determine the usefulness of the isolation system. Data reported and statistically sorted include pile shear, wave height, impulsive acceleration, convective acceleration and outer tank acceleration. The results show that the isolation system has excellent adaptability for different liquid levels and is very effective in controlling the seismic response of extra-large lng tanks.

关键词： lng tank earthquake isolation bearing

Integration of lng Regasification Process in Natural Gas-Fired Power System with Oxy-Fuel Combustion

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Journal of Thermal Science 2022年第5期31卷 1351-1366页

作者： LIU Rong XIONG Yongqiang KE Liying LIANG Jiacheng CHEN Dengjie ZHAO Zhongxing LI Yajun College of Chemistry and Materials Science Ji’nan UniversityGuangzhou510632China Guangxi Key Laboratory of Petrochemical Resource Processing and Process Intensification Technology Guangxi UniversityNanning530004China Key Lab of Heat Transfer Enhancement and Energy Conservation of the Ministry of Education South China University of TechnologyGuangzhou510640China

Oxy-fuel combustion power systems can utilize the cold energy released during the liquefied natural gas(lng)regasification to reduce the power consumption of CO_(2) capture,but the specific lng cold energy consumption of CO_(2) capture is still too *** recover more CO_(2) with the limited lng cold energy at a low energy cost,a novel natural gas-fired oxy-fuel power system with the cascade utilization of lng cold energy is proposed in this work,where the lng cold energy could be sequentially utilized in the air separation unit and the CO_(2) recovery *** new system is evaluated with the Aspen Plus *** results show that the net electrical efficiency and the specific primary energy consumption for CO_(2) avoided(SPECCA)of the new system are comparable to those of the chemical looping combustion cycle,and superior to those of the conventional O_(2)/CO_(2) ***,the specific lng needed for CO_(2) avoided(SLNCC)of the new system is more than 67.2%lower than the existing oxy-fuel power systems utilizing the lng cold ***,it is found that the O_(2) purity of 97.0 mol.%and the CO_(2) capture ratio of 97.0%are optimal conditions,because the SPECCA,the specific exergy consumption for CO_(2) avoided(SECCA)and the SLNCC are at the minimum of 1.87 GJLHV⋅t_(CO_(2))^(−1),2.60GJ⋅t_(CO_(2))^(−1) and 1.88tlng⋅t_(CO_(2))^(−1),***,the net electrical efficiency and the exergy efficiency of the new system reach 51.51%and 49.23%,respectively.

关键词： oxy-fuel combustion CO_(2)capture lng cold energy efficiency

A Review of Leakage and Dispersion of lng on the Ground

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Energy Engineering 2021年第1期118卷 103-118页

作者： Shi-er Dong Yiqing He Jingya Dong Zhouyu Peng Guohua Fu School of Civil Engineering and Geomatics Southwest Petroleum UniversityChengdu610500China School of Engineering Southwest Petroleum UniversityNanchong631001China Sales Department Petro China Southwest Oil&Gas Field CompanyChengdu610065China

Based on the analysis of the whole process of lng spill on land,the research methods of lng pool expansion and heavy gas diffusion are summarized and *** paper reviews the experimental and analytical work performed to data on spill of ***,experiments on the spill of lng onshore,as well as experiments and numerical study on heavy gas *** boiling and turbulence model are described and discussed,as well as models used to predict *** there have been significant progress in understanding the behavior of lng spills,technical knowledge gaps to improve hazard prediction are still *** of the gaps can be addressed with current modeling and testing ***,a discussion of the state of knowledge,and recommendations to further improvement the understanding of the behavior of lng spills onshore.

关键词： lng pool spread heavy gas dispersion experiments modeling review

Numerical Studies on Thermal and Hydrodynamic Characteristics of lng in Helically Coiled Tube-in-Tube Heat Exchangers

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Frontiers in Heat and Mass Transfer 2024年第1期22卷 287-304页

作者： Fayi Yan Xuejian Pei He Lu Shuzhen Zong School of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering Shandong Jianzhu UniversityJinan250101China

As compact and efficient heat exchange equipment,helically coiled tube-in-tube heat exchangers(HCTT heat exchangers)are widely used in many industrial ***,the thermal-hydraulic research of liquefied natural gas(lng)as the working fluid inHCTT heat exchangers is rarely *** this paper,the characteristics of HCTT heat exchangers,in which lng flows in the inner tube and ethylene glycol-water solution flows in the outer tube,are studied by numerical *** influences of heat transfer characteristics and pressure drops of the HCTT heat transfers are studied by changing the initial flow velocity,the helical middle diameter,and the helical *** results indicate that different initial flow velocities in the inner tube and the outer tube of the HCTT heat exchanger have little influence on the secondary flow of the fluid in the helical tubes,and the overall flow characteristics tend to be *** smaller helical middle diameter of the HCTT heat exchanger leads to the shorter fluid flow length,the smaller resistance along the tubes and the increase of initial pressure under the condition of constant inlet velocity,which promotes the occurrence of secondary *** axial flow of fluid promotes the destruction of heat transfer boundary layer and gains strength of the turbulence and heat transfer *** the increase of the helical pitch of the HCTT heat exchanger,the turbulent intensity and the heat transfer efficiency are also ***,the improvement of the flow state of the HCTT exchanger in a longer helical pitch also enhances the heat exchange efficiency.

关键词： HCTT heat exchanger lng helically coil heat transfer coefficient pressure drop

lng空温式气化器换热机理及结霜工况下的换热计算

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天然气工业 2015年第10期35卷 117-124页

作者：李澜焦文玲王海超哈尔滨工业大学市政环境工程学院 Aalto University

Ilng空温式气化器在运行时时常伴有结霜现象,霜层恶化了传热,影响了气化器的性能。探寻霜层在翅片管表面随时间变化的规律及对气化器换热产生的影响,对lng空温式气化器的设计和安全稳定运行具有重要意义。为此,建立了霜层内部能量和质... 详细信息

Ilng空温式气化器在运行时时常伴有结霜现象,霜层恶化了传热,影响了气化器的性能。探寻霜层在翅片管表面随时间变化的规律及对气化器换热产生的影响,对lng空温式气化器的设计和安全稳定运行具有重要意义。为此,建立了霜层内部能量和质量守恒方程,并引入霜层物性参数经验公式,得到了封闭的方程组,进而计算出了冷表面结霜后的霜层热阻随时间的变化规律。然后再考虑霜层热阻的影响,计算lng空温式气化器内外传热传质的相互耦合规律随时间变化的动态过程,模拟结霜工况下lng空温式气化器的运行情况,获得了不同时刻翅片管内外物性参数沿管长的分布规律。结果表明:①霜层在翅片管表面的覆盖面积可以达到80%,霜层对lng空温式气化器换热的影响不可忽略;②除了局部由于霜层的肋片作用使换热增强,绝大多数情况下霜层会使翅片管的换热效率大幅降低,最大可降低85%,结霜后的总传热系数为80~220 W/(m^2·K);③结霜后,如果环境适宜,气化器会在很短的时间内达到另一个稳态稳定运行。

关键词： lng 空温式气化器结霜翅片管换热效率肋片作用数值模拟

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lng 运输船能效设计指数

中国造船 2015年第3期56卷 124-134页

作者：逄金星林焰纪卓尚大连理工大学船舶CAD工程中心大连116024 大连理工大学工业装备结构分析国家重点实验室大连116024

文中简要介绍了lng运输船的特点,包括动力装置选型、蒸发气处理、液货罐的型式等方面。考虑到lng运输船船舶能效与主机燃料类型、消耗量、货运能力以及对蒸发气的利用有关,在新造船舶能效设计指数(EEDI)计算公式的基础上,引入燃油替代率... 详细信息

文中简要介绍了lng运输船的特点,包括动力装置选型、蒸发气处理、液货罐的型式等方面。考虑到lng运输船船舶能效与主机燃料类型、消耗量、货运能力以及对蒸发气的利用有关,在新造船舶能效设计指数(EEDI)计算公式的基础上,引入燃油替代率和lng运输船上用于回收挥发气的苍穹容积两个参数,建立了针对lng运输船的能效设计水平计算公式。以使用蒸汽透平为主推进装置类型的船舶为例,对可搜集到的lng运输船EEDI值进行数据回归分析,提出了类似于船舶参考线公式的lng运输船参考线公式。此外,为了验证公式的有效性,采用了单因素敏感性分析法研究各个变量对公式的影响程度,并提出了相应的降低能耗的措施。希望可以为lng运输船的能效水平评估和lng运输船的设计建造提供一定的参考。

关键词： lng 船能效设计指数(EEDI) 回归分析参考线

lng接收站BOG处理工艺优化——以青岛lng接收站为例

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天然气工业 2014年第4期34卷 125-130页

作者：王小尚刘景俊李玉星多志丽王武昌中国石化青岛液化天然气有限责任公司中国石油大学(华东)储运与建筑工程学院

蒸发气(Boil Off Gas,缩写为BOG)的处理是lng接收站必须考虑的关键问题之一,关系着lng接收站的能耗及安全、平稳运行。为此,介绍了lng接收站BOG处理的4种工艺:①BOG直接压缩工艺;②BOG再冷凝液化工艺;③BOG间接热交换再液化工艺;④蓄冷... 详细信息

蒸发气(Boil Off Gas,缩写为BOG)的处理是lng接收站必须考虑的关键问题之一,关系着lng接收站的能耗及安全、平稳运行。为此,介绍了lng接收站BOG处理的4种工艺:①BOG直接压缩工艺;②BOG再冷凝液化工艺;③BOG间接热交换再液化工艺;④蓄冷式BOG再液化工艺。运用HYSYS软件建立了采用不同BOG处理工艺的lng接收站模型,对比了目前主要采用的BOG直接压缩工艺和再冷凝液化工艺在工艺流程及能耗方面的差异,并分析了外输量、外输压力及再冷凝器压力对BOG处理工艺节能效果的影响,在此基础上提出了BOG再冷凝液化工艺的改进措施——BOG进入再冷凝器前进行预冷,可比原工艺节约18.2%的能耗。同时还针对青岛lng接收站提出了BOG再冷凝液化及直接压缩工艺混合使用的优化运行方案,可使进入再冷凝器的lng流量保持恒定,没被冷凝的BOG经过高压压缩机提压到外输压力,与完成气化的lng混合后外输,可避免BOG进入火炬系统而造成的能源浪费,同时减小再冷凝器入口流量的波动,使装置运行更稳定、更经济。

关键词： lng 接收站 BOG 直接压缩再冷凝液化间接热交换再液化蓄冷式再液化优化混合运行节能

lng与NGH运输成本对比与参数敏感性分析

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中国造船 2019年第A01期60卷 228-236页

作者：金伟晨中国船舶重工集团有限公司经济研究中心北京100012

论文对天然气运输中的lng运输和NGH运输方式的成本问题展开详细分析,讨论了运输过程中的设备成本、运输船成本和再气化成本三个重要组成,计算分析得到关于两种运输方式的成本表达式,并基于此,对影响因素中的航速、船舶租赁价格、单船运... 详细信息

论文对天然气运输中的lng运输和NGH运输方式的成本问题展开详细分析,讨论了运输过程中的设备成本、运输船成本和再气化成本三个重要组成,计算分析得到关于两种运输方式的成本表达式,并基于此,对影响因素中的航速、船舶租赁价格、单船运输量等进行敏感性分析。研究发现,lng与NGH运输方式受到运输距离的影响,存在较优运输方式;同时,随着影响因素的变化,运费计算结果将受到不同程度的影响。

关键词： lng NGH 运输成本敏感性分析