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Analysis of Sea Surface Temperature Cooling in Typhoon Events Passing the kuroshio current

Journal of Ocean University of China 2024年第2期23卷 287-303页

作者： HU Yuyi SHAO Weizeng SHEN Wei ZUO Juncheng JIANG Tao HU Song College of Marine Sciences Shanghai Ocean UniversityShanghai 201306China East China Sea Environment Monitoring Ministry of Natural ResourcesShanghai 201206China China Waterborne Transport Research Institute Ministry of TransportBeijing 100088China

The aim of this study is to investigate the sea surface temperature(SST) cooling as typhoons pass the kuroshio current.A numerical circulation model,denoted as the Stony Brook Parallel Ocean Model(sbPOM),was used to simulate the SST,which includes four wave-induced effect terms(i.e.,radiation stress,nonbreaking waves,Stokes drift,and breaking waves) simulated using the third-generation wave model,called WAVEWATCH-Ⅲ(WW3).The significant wave height(SWH) measurements from the Jason-2 altimeter were used to validate the WW3-simulated results,yielding a root mean square error(RMSE) of less than 0.50 m and a correlation coefficient(COR) of approximately 0.93.The water temperature measured from the Advanced Research and Global Observation Satellite was applied to validate the model simulation.Accordingly,the RMSE of the SST is 0.92℃ with a COR of approximately 0.99.As revealed in the sbPOM-simulated SST fields,a reduction in the SST at the kuroshio current region was observed as a typhoon passed,although the water temperature of the kuroshio current is relatively high.The variation of the SST is consistent with that of the current,whereas the maximum SST lagged behind the occurrence of the peak SWH.Moreover,the Stokes drift plays an important role in the SST cooling after analyzing four wave-induced terms in the background of the kuroshio current.The sensitivity experiment also showed that the accuracy of the water temperature was significantly reduced when including breaking waves,which play a negative role in the inside part of the ocean.The variation in the mean mixing layer depth(MLD) showed that a typhoon could enhance the mean MLD in the kuroshio current area in September and October,whereas a typhoon has little influence on the mean MLD in the kuroshio current area in May.Moreover,the mean MLD rapidly decreased with the weakening of the strong wind force and wave-induced effects when a typhoon crossed the kuroshio current.

关键词： typhoon wave sea surface temperature kuroshio current

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Variation of the North Equatorial current, Mindanao current, and kuroshio current in a High-Resolution Data Assimilation during 2008–2012

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2014年第6期31卷 1445-1459页

作者： ZHAI Fangguo WANG Qingye WANG Fujun Hu Dunxin Third Institute of Oceanography State Oceanic Administration Key Laboratory of Ocean Circulation and Waves Institute of OceanologyChinese Academy of Sciences

Outputs from a high-resolution data assimilation system,the global Hybrid Coordinate Ocean Model and Navy Coupled Ocean Data Assimilation （HYCOM＋NCODA） 1/12° analysis,were analyzed for the period September 2008 to February 2012.The objectives were to evaluate the performance of the system in simulating ocean circulation in the tropical northwestern Pacific and to examine the seasonal to interannual variations of the western boundary currents.The HYCOM assimilation compares well with altimetry observations and mooring current measurements.The mean structures and standard deviations of velocities of the North Equatorial current （NEC）,Mindanao current （MC） and kuroshio current （KC） also compare well with previous observations.Seasonal to interannual variations of the NEC transport volume are closely correlated with the MC transport volume,instead of that of the KC.The NEC and MC transport volumes mainly show well-defined annual cycles,with their maxima in spring and minima in fall,and are closely related to the circulation changes in the Mindanao Dome （MD） region.In seasons of transport maxima,the MD region experiences negative SSH anomalies and a cyclonic gyre anomaly,and in seasons of transport minima the situation is reversed.The sea surface NEC bifurcation latitude （NBL） in the HYCOM assimilation also agrees well with altimetry observations.In 2009,the NBL shows an annual cycle similar to previous studies,reaching its southernmost position in summer and its northernmost position in winter.In 2010 and 2011,the NBL variations are dominantly influenced by La Ni（n）a events.The dynamics responsible for the seasonal to interannual variations of the NEC-MC-KC current system are also discussed.

关键词： HYCOM assimilation North Equatorial current Mindanao current kuroshio current Mindanao Dome

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Seasonal variability of the kuroshio current at the PN Section in the East China Sea based on in-situ observation from 1987 to 2010

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2015年第5期34卷 12-21页

作者： WEI Yanzhou PEI Yuhua ZHANG Rong-Hua Key Laboratory of Ocean Circulation and Wave Institute of OceanologyChinese Academy of Sciences University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences State Key Laboratory of Satellite Ocean Environment Dynamics Second Institute of OceanographyState Oceanic Administration College of Physical and Environmental Oceanography Ocean University of China

As the spatio-temporal variability of the kuroshio is highly influenced by mesoscale eddies, representing its seasonal variability characteristics requires sufficiently long term observations to reduce the uncertainties. Geostrophic velocity data estimated from hydrographic observation from 1987 to 2010 and the shipboard ADCP velocity data from 1993 to 2008 at the PN Section in the central East China Sea are collected to view the seasonal variability objectively. From both types of observation, it is found that the seasonal climatology mean of the kuroshio current exhibits significant difference in three areas, which are located at the kuroshio current core and its two flanks in a shallow layer less than 300 m, with the weakest northeast current at the core in autumn, the strongest counter current on the right flank in spring, and the strongest northeast current on the left flank in autumn, respectively. The seasonal variance of the kuroshio current also exhibits significant difference on the off- shore side of the kuroshio, with larger variance in spring and summer while smaller variance in autumn and winter. For the current parallel to the PN Section, the ratio of the seasonal variability component to the intraseasonal variability component is relatively smaller than that for the current perpendicular to the PN Section. Further analyses indicate that the seasonal variability at the PN Section is tightly linked to the upstream and downstream current variability.

关键词： kuroshio current seasonal variability East China Sea significance test

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Analysis of sea surface height variabilities in the kuroshio current region by using Geosat altimeter data

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 1999年第2期18卷 177-189页

作者： Pan Jiayi Yuan Yeli and Zheng Quan’an 1. First Institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration, Qingdao 266003, China 2. Center for Remote Sensing, University of Delaware, Newark, DE19716, USA (Received May 8, 1998 accepted June 17, 1998) First Institute of Oceanography State Oceanic Administration Qingdao 266003 China Center for Remote Sensing University of Delaware Newark DE 19716 United States

The Geosat altimeter ERM T2-GDRs data were used to analyze sea surface height (SSH) variabilities in the Northwest Pacific region of 10°- 45°N, 120°-- 160°E covering all the kuroshio current. After processing the Geosat GDRs data, the 50 gridded SSH anomaly fields were acquired. The comparison between the SSH anomalies and tidal gauge sea levels showed that the altimeter data accorded with the tidal gauge data especially in the low frequency scale and in open sea. The mesoscale variability energy distribution obtained from the SSH anomalies was controlled by the position of the kuroshio, bottom topography and the stationary meander of the kuroshio. The relative transports of the kuroshio Extension and the kuroshio south of Japan, represented by the difference between the SSH anomalies on two sides of the current, had strong interannual and seasonal cycles, which was related to the kuroshio large meander. When the kuroshio meander occurred, the transport of the kuroshio east of the Tokara Strait decreased, but that northeast of Taiwan Island increased. The variability of the transport east of the Philippines reflected the effects of the ENSO. The EOF analysis of the SSH anomaly fields showed that the first three EOFs accounted for 25.3%, 17.1 % and 13.7% of the total variance, and represented the meander mode, the ENSO mode and season mode respectively.

关键词： kuroshio current seasonal and interannual cycles Geosat altimeter data

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Response of the kuroshio current to Eddies in the Luzon Strait

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Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters 2010年第3期3卷 160-164页

作者： Zhao Jie Luo De-Hai College of Physical and Environmental Oceanography Ocean University of China Qingdao 266100 China

The impact of eddies on the kuroshio current in the Luzon Strait (LS) area is investigated by using the sea surface height anomaly (SSHA) satellite observation data and the sea surface height (SSH) assimilation data. The influence of the eddies on the mean current depends upon the type of eddies and their relative position. The mean current is enhanced (weakened) as the cyclonic (anticyclonic) eddy becomes slightly far from it, whereas it is weakened (enhanced) as the cyclonic (anticyclonic) eddy moves near or within the position of the mean current; this is explained as the eddy-induced meridional velocity and geostrophic flow relationship. The anticyclonic (cyclonic) eddy can increase (decrease) the mean meridional flow due to superimposition of the eddy-induced meridional flow when the eddy is within the region of the mean current. However, when the eddy is slightly far from the mean current region, the anticyclonic (cyclonic) eddy tends to decrease (increase) the zonal gradient of the SSH, which thus results in weakening (strengthening) of the mean current in the LS region.

关键词： eddies kuroshio current Luzon Strait

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A combination of tides and nontidal variations in ocean bottom pressure may generate interannual slip fluctuations in the transition zone along a subduction plate interface

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Geodesy and Geodynamics 2023年第1期14卷 43-51页

作者： Yoshiyuki Tanaka Hiromu Sakaue Masayuki Kano Suguru Yabe Department of Earth and Planetary Science The University of Tokyo7-3-1 HongoBunkyo-kuTokyo 113-0033Japan Graduate School of Science Tohoku University6-3Aramaki-aza-aobaAoba-kuSendai980-8578Japan Geological Survey of Japan National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology(AIST)Tsukuba Central 71-1-1 HigashiTsukubaIbaraki 305-8567Japan

The tidal triggering of earthquakes has been studied for many years.The discovery of slow earthquakes in the early 2000s,including slow slip,has urged scientists to investigate the tidal responses of these earthquakes due to their sensitivity to weak stress perturbations.Previous studies have shown that slow earthquakes correlate with diurnal and semidiurnal tides and seasonal variations in surface loads more clearly than ordinary earthquakes.However,little is known about long-term responses to external stresses.In this paper,based on a widely accepted frictional law for faults,a mechanism is proposed by which nontidal variations in ocean bottom pressure,when combined with tides,pro mote the occurrence of slow earthquakes.Because slow earthquakes accompany a slip on the plate interface,this mechanism allows one to estimate slip modulations.A one-degree-of-freedom slip model is constructed and applied to Ise Bay in the Tonankai region of southwestern Japan,where large-scale ocean mass redistributions have occurred.The model calculated with parameters determined from the observation of tectonic tremors is quantitatively consistent with the slip during 1997-2013 inferred from GNSS data,suggesting that the decrease in the sea-level change in approximately 2006 could cause the accele ration of a slip observed after that.This result implies that the decreases in sea level in approximately 1996 and 2014 could also cause subsequent slip accelerations.These three slip acceleration periods temporally coincide with the increases in background seismicity in a shallower portion of the plate interface.These changes in seismicity are common to shallow earthquakes in the Tokai area,and a similar model can reproduce them.Further studies are expected to reveal causality between shallow earthquakes and long-term slip fluctuations based on modeling that considers changes in the frictional property along the plate interface.

关键词： Tides Ocean bottom pressure Slow earthquake Seismicity kuroshio current

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Sea surface temperature evolution in the Yellow Sea Warm current pathway and its teleconnection with high and low latitude forcing during the mid-late Holocene

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Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2022年第1期40卷 93-109页

作者： Zhong PI Fengming CHANG Tiegang LI Yikun CUI Key Laboratory of Marine Geology and Environment Institute of OceanologyChinese Academy of SciencesQingdao 266071China Key Laboratory of Marine Sedimentology and Environmental Geology First Institute of OceanographyMinistry of Natural Resources(MNR)Qingdao 266061China Laboratory for Marine Geology and Environment Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology(Qingdao)Qingdao 266237China Center for Ocean Mega-Science Chinese Academy of SciencesQingdao 266071China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China School of Geography and Ocean Science Collaborative Innovation Center of South China Sea StudiesNanjing UniversityNanjing 210023China

Sea surface temperature(SST)in the Yellow Sea Warm current(YSWC)pathway is sensitive to the East Asian Winter Monsoon(EAWM)and YSWC.However,the role of the YSWC in the evolution of regional SST remains unclear.Here,we present new U 37 k′based SST and grain size sequences spanning the last 6092 years in the sediment core Z1,which was retrieved from the central Yellow Sea muddy area.Overall,U 37 k′-SST gradually increased since 6.1 ka BP,with a series of centennial-scale fl uctuations.Its variation was mainly caused by EAWM when YSWC was weak between 6.1 and~3.9 ka BP,as shown by the end-member content of grain size.However,after YSWC was fully developed,i.e.,since~3.9 ka BP,it exerted critical eff ects on SST evolution in its pathway.The 1010-and 538-year cycles of the SST sequence indicated a basic control of solar activity on the oceanic conditions in the Yellow Sea.It is suggested that the variation of total solar irradiance was amplifi ed by thermohaline circulation and then transmitted to the Yellow Sea through the EAWM.Meanwhile,the tropical Pacifi c signal of El Niño was transmitted to the YSWC through the kuroshio current.The dual properties of warm water transported by YSWC to compensate the EAWM and driving by kuroshio current closely linked the variation of SST in the YSWC pathway to the Northern Hemisphere high latitude climate and the tropical Pacifi c.These fi ndings highlight the signifi cance of YSWC on regional SST evolution and its teleconnection to high and low latitude forcing,which grains a better understanding of the long-term evolution of SST in the middle latitude Yellow Sea.

关键词： Yellow Sea Warm current U 37 k′-SST East Asian Winter Monsoon kuroshio current high and low latitude forcing

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Simulation Study on the Interannual Variation of the Transport and Distribution of Chub Mackerel (Scomber japonicus) Larvae and Juveniles Using Individual-Based Model

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Journal of Ocean University of China 2022年第5期21卷 1273-1282页

作者： YU Wei FENG Zhiping PAN Lingzhi GUAN Wenjiang ZHANG Yu LI Yuesong College of Marine Sciences Shanghai Ocean UniversityShanghai 201306China East China Sea Forecast Center State Oceanic AdministrationShanghai 200081China National Engineering Research Center for Oceanic Fisheries Shanghai Ocean UniversityShanghai 201306China Key Laboratory of Sustainable Exploitation of Oceanic Fisheries Resources Ministry of EducationShanghai Ocean UniversityShanghai 201306China

An individual-based model of Scomber japonicus in the East China Sea(ECS)was developed to simulate the effects of physical environment on the transport and distribution of eggs,larvae and juveniles of S.japonicus from 1978 to 2013.The results showed that there were interannual differences in the transport and distribution of eggs,larvae and juveniles of S.japonicus in the ECS due to different physical environments from 1978 to 2013,and this difference was extremely obvious in some specific years.The current in the drift path of eggs and juveniles controlled and affected the transport process and distribution characteristics.In April,the distribution of eggs and larvae was mainly controlled by the Taiwan Warm current(TWC).The number of eggs and larvae transported into the northeastern waters of the ECS was positively correlated with the intensity of TWC.In May,it was mainly regu-lated by the TWC and the Tsushima Strait Warm current(TSWC).In June,the number of larvae and juveniles entering the Tsushima Strait and the Pacific Ocean was determined by the TSWC.In general,in the years with high number of larvae and juveniles into the Tsushima Strait,the catch of 0-year-old S.japonicus was also higher.In addition,the number of larvae and juveniles entering the Tsushima Strait in El Niño years was less than that in La Niña years.In July,the transport was mainly controlled by the kuroshio current(KC),and the eddy within the KC strongly affected its distribution.

关键词： individual-based model Scomber japonicus transport and distribution Taiwan Warm current Tsushima Strait Warm current kuroshio current

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The Classification to Stationary Process of Tidal Motion Observed at the Time of kuroshio’s Meandering

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International Journal of Modern Nonlinear Theory and Application 2023年第1期12卷 30-54页

作者： Kenta Kirimoto Department of Creative Engineering National Institute of Technology Kitakyushu College Fukuoka Japan

The tide level displays information about the state of the sea current and the tidal motion. The tide level of the southern coast of Japan Island is affected strongly by kuroshio current flowing in the western part of North Pacific Ocean. When kuroshio takes the straight path and flow along the Japan Islands, the tide level increases, and it is calculated from two tide level data observed at Kushimoto and Uragami in the southern part of Kii Peninsula. In contrast, the tide level decreases at the time when kuroshio leaves from the Japan Islands. In this paper, the hourly tidal data are analyzed using the Autocorrelation Function (ACF) and the Mutual Information (MI) and the phase trajectories at first. We classify the results into 5 types of tidal motion. Each categorized type is investigated and characterized precisely using the mean tide level and the unit root test (ADF test) next. The frequency of the type having unstable tidal motion increases when the kuroshio current is non-meandering or in a transition state or the tide level is high, and the type shows a non-stationary process. On the other hand, when the kuroshio current meanders, the tidal motion tends to take a periodical and stable state and the motion is a stationary process. Though it is not frequent, we also discover a type of stationary and irregular tidal motion.

关键词： kuroshio current Tide Level Autocorrelation Function Mutual Information Unit Root Test Phase Trajectories Stationary Process

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THE EFFECTS OF SEA SURFACE TEMPERATURE ANOMALIES OVER THE MID-LATITUDE WESTERN PACIFIC ON THE ASIAN SUMMER MONSOON

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Acta meteorologica Sinica 1991年第1期5卷 28-39页

作者：倪允琪钱永甫 Department of Atmospheric Sciences Nanjing UniversityNanjing

By Using the P-σ five-layer primitive equation model,three sets of numerical experiments are performed with normal zonal mean SST(the control case),the positive SST anomalies in the kuroshio current and east-of-Japan Ocean(the midlatitude western Pacific),and positive SST anomalies over both the midlatitude and the equatorial western Pacific.The experimental results show that the positive SST anomalies over the midlatitude western Pacific have great influence on the Asian summer monsoon:the Indian monsoon is weak- ened and the East Asian monsoon is intensified.This happens just reverse to the effects of positive SST anomalies over the equatorial westero Pacific on the Asian summer monsoon.Further,the influence mechanism of the SST anomalies over the midlatitude westcrn Pacific on the Asian summer monsoon is discussed.

关键词： SST anomalies Asian summer monsoon kuroshio current difference circulation

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