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Diagenesis of the Paleogene Sandstones in the DN2 Gas Field,kuqa foreland basin and its Link to Tectonics

Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2023年第5期97卷 1538-1554页

作者： YU Guoding YUAN Jing LIU Keyu YANG Xianzhang DONG Daotao MA Pengjie HUANG Chiqiang School of Geosciences China University of PetroleumQingdaoShandong 266580China Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development Tarim Oil FieldCNPCKorlaXinjiang 841000China Korla Branch of Geophysical Research Institute BGP Inc.KorlaXinjiang 841000China

We investigated diagenesis of the sandstones from the DN2 Gas Field of the kuqa foreland basin(KFB),in order to infer the timing of fluid migration and discuss the linkage between fluids and tectonics.The textures and chemical composition of authigenic minerals,fluid evidence from fluid inclusions and formation water measurements were all used to fulfill this aim.Eodiagenesis occurred with the participation of meteoric water and connate water.Mesodiagenesis is related to high salinity fluids,which were attributed as originating from the overlying Neogene Jidike Formation evaporite(principal minerals including halite,anhydrite,glauberite,carnallite and thenardite).The onset of high salinity fluid migration is inferred to occur during the late Miocene(12.4-9.2 Ma)through the use of homogenization temperatures measured in the present study and K-Ar dating of authigenetic illites from previous work.This period is consistent with the crucial phase(13-10 Ma)that witnessed the rapid uplift of the southern Tianshan Mts and the stage when calcite and anhydrite veins formed in the studied strata.We thus argue that diagenesis related to high salinity fluids occurred as a response to the Tianshan Mts'rapid uplift and related tectonic processes.The flow of high salinity fluids was probably driven by a density gradient and channeled and focused by fractures formed contemporaneously.

关键词： diagenesis high salinity fluids meteoric waters tectonics kuqa foreland basin Tianshan Mts

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Geochemical Characteristics and Origin of Crude Oil and Natural Gas in the Southern Slope Zone,kuqa foreland basin,NW China

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Journal of Earth Science 2022年第3期33卷 820-830页

作者： Chun Liu Shijia Chen Jilong Zhao Zhou Su Hui Rong School of Geoscience and Technology Southwest Petroleum UniversityChengdu 610500China PetroChina Research Institute of Geology in Hangzhou Hangzhou 310023China Exploration and Development Research Institute PetroChina Tarim Oilfield CompanyKorla 841000China Key Laboratory of Tectonics and Petroleum Resources of Ministry of Education China University of GeosciencesWuhan 430074China

Continuous exploration has triggered a heated debate on hydrocarbon resource potential in the southern slope zone of the kuqa foreland basin,and sources of the Mesozoic-Cenozoic oil and gas have become a key problem to be solved in this region.Composition and organic geochemical parameters of crude oil and natural gas from the southern slope zone of the kuqa foreland basin were illustrated in order to reveal their origin by using a combination of gas chromatograph(GC),gas chromatogram-mass spectrum(GC-MS)and carbon isotope analyses.The characteristics of crude oil,such as low density,viscosity,solidification point and sulfur content,and high wax content,indicate that source of the crude oil is continental.The biomarker compositions of crude oil are characterized by low to medium molecular weight compounds(n-C_(12) to n-C_(20)),high Pr/Ph ratios(>1.0),low phytane/n-C18 ratios(0.06-0.54),and predominant regular sterane C_(29).All biomarker parameters clearly indicate that the crude oil was derived mainly from algae and aquatic plankton and deposited under weak reduction-oxidation environment,and has the characteristics of mixed kerogens.The Cretaceous crude oil was mainly derived from the Triassic lacustrine source rocks,which also contributed to the Paleogene crude oil together with Jurassic coal source rocks.Natural gas is characterized by moderate methane content,high heavy hydrocarbon and nitrogen content,and no hydrogen sulfide.The methane and ethane in Paleogene natural gas are relatively rich in ^(13)C withδ^(13)C_(1) andδ^(13)C_(2) values ranging from-37.3‰to-31.2‰(mean=-34.25‰)and from-25‰to-21.3‰(mean=-23.09‰),respectively,indicating the coal-derived gas from the Middle and Lower Jurassic strata.Hydrocarbon products in the southern slope zone of the kuqa foreland basin are primarily generated from source rocks in the mature stage.The low-amplitude structural and lithologic traps with the updip pinch-out sand bodies or plugging secondary fault at relatively high tectonic positions are the most favorable ar

关键词： crude oil natural gas oil and gas source organic geochemistry kuqa foreland basin

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Control of neotectonic movement on hydrocarbon accumulation in the kuqa foreland basin,west China

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Petroleum Science 2010年第1期7卷 49-58页

作者： Jiang Zhenxue Li Lianxia Song Yan Tian Fenghua Zhao Mengjun Wang Haijiang Zhao Zhenxing State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources and Prospecting China University of Petroleum Beijing 102249 China basin and Reservoir Research Center China University of Petroleum Beijing 102249 China Exploration and Development Research Institute PetroChina Beijing 100083 China Department of Exploration ＆ Development PetroChina CBM Limited Company Beijing 100013 China Exploration Department Tarim Oilfield Company PetroChina Kuerle Xinjiang 841000 China No.8 Oil Production Plant Changqing Oilfield Company PetroChina Xi＇an Shaanxi 710018 China

Neotectonic movement refers to the tectonic movement that has happened since the Cenozoic, which is the latest movement. It has the most important influence on the basins in west China, especially on the hydrocarbon accumulation in the western foreland basins. We determined the time of neotectonic movement in the kuqa foreland basin, which began from the Neogene, and analyzed the patterns of movement, which were continuous and fast subsidence in the vertical direction and intense lateral compression. The structure styles are that the faulting is weakened and the folding is strengthened gradually from north to south. We studied the control of neotectonic movement on the hydrocarbon accumulation process and model in the kuqa foreland basin with basin simulation technique. The largest subsidence rate of the kuqa foreland basin reached 1,200 m/Ma during the neotectonic movement, leading to rapid maturing of source rock within 5 Ma and a large quantity of hydrocarbon being generated and expelled. The thick neotectonic strata can form high quality reservoirs with the proved gas and oil reserves accounting for 5% and 27% of the total reserves, respectively. 86% of the structural traps were formed in the neotectonic movement period. The faults formed during the neotectonic movement serve as important migration pathways and they exist in the region where the hydrocarbon reservoirs are distributed. Abnormally high pressure caused by the intense lateral compression, thick neotectonic strata deposition and rapid hydrocarbon generation provide driving force for hydrocarbon migration. The accumulation elements match each other well over a short period, leading to many large gas fields formed later in the kuqa foreland basin.

关键词： kuqa foreland basin neotectonic movement accumulation element accumulation process accumulation model

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Formation condition of deep gas reservoirs in tight sandstones in kuqa foreland basin

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Petroleum Research 2018年第4期3卷 346-358页

作者： Xuesong Lu Mengjun Zhao Keyu Liu Qingong Zhuo Junjia Fan Zhichao Yu Yanjie Gong PetroChina Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development Beijing 100083China CNPC Key Laboratory of basin Structure and Hydrocarbon Accumulation Beijing 100083China School of Geosciences China University of PetroleumShandong 266580China

Due to the high expense of deep oil and gas exploration,prediction of gas-bearing properties before drilling is crucial for deep gas reservoir of tight sandstone.Deep tight sandstone gas fields in kuqa foreland basin are characterized by high abundance,high gas saturation,high pressure,high and stable yield,which belong to high-efficiency tight gas reservoir.Based on theoretical analysis of controlling factors and mechanisms of gas-bearing properties for tight sandstone gas reservoir,and taking tight sandstone gas fields with high effectiveness such as Dibei,Keshen and Dibei gas fields in kuqa foreland basin as examples,formation condition and mechanism of high-efficiency tight sandstone gas reservoir in kuqa area are studied through a comparative analysis of typical tight sandstone gas reservoir in Sichuan basin and Ordos basin.The results show that the formation condition of deep gas reservoir of tight sandstone in kuqa foreland basin includes four factors:i.e.,overpressure gas charging,fracture development,“early-oil and late-gas”accumulation process and favorable preservation condition.The overpressure gas charging and fracture development are the most important factors for formation of high-efficiency tight gas reservoirs in kuqa foreland basin.High-quality source rocks,high sourcereservoir pressure difference,and overpressure filling induced thereby are preconditions for formation of tight sandstone with high gas saturation.The fracture development controls gas migration,accumulation,and high yield of tight sandstone gas reservoir.The reservoir wettability changed by the early oil charging is beneficial to late natural gas charging,and the preservation condition of high-quality gypsum cap rocks is the key factor for gas reservoirs to maintain overpressure and high gas saturation.Matching of above four favorable factors leads to the tight sandstone gas reservoir with high abundance,high gas saturation and high gas production in kuqa foreland basin,which is very different from other basins.Under the condition

关键词： Deep gas reservoir Tight sandstone Overpressure Fracture “Early-oil and late-gas”accumulation process Preservation condition kuqa foreland basin

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Origin,migration and mixing of oilfield brines:Stable isotopic evidence from kuqa foreland basin

Origin,migration and mixing of oilfield brines:Stable isotop...

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中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所2001学术年会

作者：蔡春芳汪集旸曾凡刚何宏 Institute of Geology and Geophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Environment and Resource Science Renmin University of China China University of Mining and Technology

Sr/Sr,δD andδO together with chemistry of oilfield brines,were measured from Cambrian to Neogene strata in the kuqa foreland basin,northwest China.The brines have Sr/Sr ratios ranging from 0.70944 to 0.71716,δD values from -33‰to -67‰andδO from -9.0‰to 3.9‰.The most radiogenic Sr brines have relatively heavyδO in the Cambro- Ordovician carbonates,and are suggested to originate from crystalline basement.δD andδO systematics show that all the brines slope to Global Meteoric Water Line,and intersect atδD = -60‰andδO = -8.8‰,close to that of present-day local meteoric water,suggesting that meteoric water has mixed with evaporated ancient meteoric water.More saline samples have the lowestδD andδO contents and molar Na/Cl ratios of more than 0.***.resulting from salt dissolution.

关键词： 87Sr86Sr.δD andδ18O origin migration brines kuqa foreland basin

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Uplift and exhumation in the Tianshan,western China:New insights from detrital zircon morphology and thermochronology

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Science China Earth Sciences 2022年第3期65卷 449-461页

作者： Jian CHANG Yinglin ZHANG Nansheng QIU Chenxing LI State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources and Prospecting China University of PetroleumBeijing 102249China College of Geosciences China University of PetroleumBeijing 102249China

The Tianshan in western China is rich in ore resources,but its tectonic uplift and exhumation history closely related to the resource exploration is still controversial.This study provides a new strategy to uncover the tectonic uplift processes in southern Tianshan by combining the morphological characteristics and thermochronological ages of detrital zircons in the Tarim basin.The morphology of the Meso-Cenozoic detrital zircons in the kuqa foreland basin,a secondary tectonic unit of the Tarim basin,is dominated by three types of P,S,and G,and their average alkaline and temperature indexes are 668.0-677.2 and 347.6-413.5,respectively.Moreover,the U-Pb ages of these detrital zircons are primarily divided into two groups of 270-330 and 380-470 Ma.These features indicate that the Early Carboniferous-Early Permian and Middle Ordovician-Middle Devonian alkaline granites distributed in the South Tianshan and southern Central Tianshan were the main sources of the detrital zircons in the kuqa foreland basin.The decomposition of the detrital zircon fission track ages further reveals that the provenances of the kuqa foreland basin primarily consisted of the southern Central Tianshan,the eastern South Tianshan,and the central South Tianshan during Meso-Cenozoic.Among them,the eastern South Tianshan played a dominant role in the material supply.The synthesis of the decomposed zircon fission track(ZFT)ages and the lag-time evolution pattern indicated that the South Tianshan and the southern Central Tianshan mainly experienced five stages of tectonic uplifting that occurred in the Devonian,the Permian,the Middle Triassic-Middle Jurassic,the Cretaceous,and since the Miocene,respectively.They were related to the subduction of the South Tianshan Ocean northward to the bottom of the Central Tianshan,the compression and accretion after the closure of the South Tianshan Ocean,and a series of collisions between the Qiangtang-Lassa-India plates and the southern margin of the Eurasia plate in the Meso-Cenozoic,respectively.This study

关键词： Tianshan kuqa foreland basin Provenance analysis Zircon morphology Thermochronology Lag-time evolution

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Influence of Salt Beds on the Segmentation of Structure and Hydrocarbon Accumulation in Qiulitag Structural Belt,Tarim basin,China

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Journal of China University of Geosciences 2008年第2期19卷 162-173页

作者：范秋海吕修祥杨明慧谢会文 basin and Reservoir Research Center China University of Petroleum Tarim Oil Company PetroChina

Seismic information and balanced profile technology were used to reveal the influence of the salt bed in segmentation of structure and hydrocarbon accumulation in Qiulitag structural belt in Tarim basin. From west to east, the shortening of strata above the salt beds gradually decreases, while, the shortening below the salt beds gradually increases, which shows that the segmentation of structure integrated the seismic profile. There is great difference of the deformation of strata below and above the salt beds between the west segment and the east segment. The analysis of the distribution of oil/gas fields and the hydrocarbon properties indicates the similar segmentation to the structure segmentation. The salt beds in relatively shallow layers change the stress condition from basement of kuqa foreland basin, which leads to the segmentation of Qiulitag structural belt. Because the salt beds in the west segment came into being earlier than those in the east segment, the west segment captures hydrocarbon from two sets of source rock, while the east segment can only capture hydrocarbons from one set of source rock. So, the salt beds play an important role in the segmentation of structure and hydrocarbon accumulation.

关键词： kuqa foreland basin Qiulitag structural belt salt bed segmentation hydrocarbon accumulation.

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