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Serologic evidence of human leptospirosis in and around Kolkata,India:A clinico-epidemiological study

Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2011年第12期4卷 1001-1006页

作者： Manisha DebMandal Shyamapada Mandal Nishith Kumar Pal Department of Bacteriology and Serology Calcutta School of Tropical MedicineC.R.AvenueKolkata-700073India Department of Physiology and Biophysics KPC Medical College and HospitalKolkata-700032India Department of Zoology Gurudas CollegeNarkeldangaKolkata-700054India Department of Microbiology Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and ResearchKolkata-700020India

Objective:To investigate the prevalence of leptospirosis among patients from within and outside Kolkata.India,attending the Calcutta School of Tropical Medicine,for treatment during August 2002 to August 2008.Methods:The leptospirosis cases were determined on the basis of clinical, epidemiological,and biochemical factors,and were tested for leptospiral antibodies using IgM ELISA.Serum samples with absorbance ratio≥1.21 were interpreted as reactive.Results:The commonest presentation involved fever,headache and jaundice.The male-female ratio was 61:46.A total of 65(64.20%) cases had abnormal liver and renal functions respectively,and 57.1% had both the abnormalities.The highest incidence(75.35.04%) was recorded in SeptemberOctober followed by July-August(53.24.77%).The reactive cases had absorbance ratios between 1.21 and 8.***.and 53 showed equivocal result,while IgM non reactivity were seen in 90 patients (absorbance ratios 0.10-0.90).The patients responded to treatment with parenteral antibiotics, penicillin,ceftriaxone and cefotaxime;follow up did not reveal case fatality.Conclusions:The cardinal signs of leptospirosis help in making clinical diagnosis,but in any hyper-endemic situation any patient reporting with acute lever and signs of pulmonary,hepatic or renal involvement should be suspected to have leptospirosis and investigated accordingly.Increased awareness,and early diagnosis and treatment,can reduce mortality due to leptospirosis.

关键词： Human leptospirosis IgM ELISA Clinico-epidemiological study Kolkata

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Butterfly Diversity in Relation to Human-Impact Gradient in Out-skirts of Kolkata,West Bengal,India

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Research in Ecology 2022年第4期4卷 1-12页

作者： Kaiyum Baskh Mollah Sudipta Mandal Department of Zoology Bangabasi CollegeKolkata700009India

Anthropogenic activities may affect species diversity and community structure.Butterfly species diversity in relation to human-impact gradient was evaluated in the Baruipur subdivision,outskirts of Kolkata metropolis,West Bengal,India as a model geographic area.Four study sites situated in bird sanctuaries,rural,suburban and urban areas with different levels of anthropogenic disturbances were selected to assess the human impact on butterfly diversity.A total of 80 butterfly species were recorded during the entire study period with the sanctuary(with minimal anthropogenic disturbance)showing the highest species richness(73)followed by rural(62),suburban(54)and urban(36)study sites indicating a strong negative impact of anthropogenic disturbance on butterfly species diversity.Butterfly species diversity varied significantly among different habitats(p˂0.001).The relative abundance of butterflies also varied seasonally.It is apparent that the area under the present study is able to sustain diverse butterfly species provided natural habitats are protected from anthropogenic disturbances and steps are taken to increase urban greenery to support butterfly diversity and consequent ecosystem services.

关键词： Butterfly diversity Human-impact gradient Baruipur subdivision Kolkata Diversity indices

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Synthetic Detergents (Surfactants) and Organochlorine Pesticide Signatures in Surface Water and Groundwater of Greater Kolkata, India

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Journal of Water Resource and Protection 2009年第4期1卷 290-298页

作者： Naresh C. GHOSE Dipankar SAHA Anjali GUPTA 不详

An assessment on the concentration of surfactants and pesticides of chlorinated hydrocarbon group in surface and groundwater, is made from Greater Kolkata located in the Western Ganga Delta, one of the largest urban agglomerate in Asia. Concentration of both anionic synthetic detergents and organochlorine pesticide resi-dues analysed from 54 and 19 sampling stations covering groundwater and surface water sources respec-tively, are generally found to be within the tolerance limit for human consumption. The concentration of synthetic detergent ranges from 0.084 to 0.425mg/l. Residues of organochlorine pesticides are analysed from different sources like tanks, lakes, rivers and groundwater. Lindane (0.01-0.43μg/l) and DDT (0.03-0.65 μg/l) are the most widely detected pesticide residues. Howerer, the two have not exceeded the limits for drinking anywhere. High value of aldrin and dieldrin (0.9μg/l) is obtained in the river Hugli at Barakpur-Seoraphuli, 20 km north of Kolkata. Likewise high value of Heptachloreis detected in a canal water sample at Palta (0.05 μg/l), a suburban area. Seasonally, the pesticide concentration in surface water is maximum during winter due to their higher application and minimum during monsoon. In groundwater, however, this relationship is reverse due to higher infiltration of surface water during monsoon.

关键词： Kolkata Ganga Delta Surface Water Groundwater Surfactants Organochlorine Pesticides

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Clinical and hematological study of canine Ehrlichiosis with other hemoprotozoan parasites in Kolkata,West Bengal,India

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2013年第11期3卷 913-915页

作者： Mousam Das Sabyasachi Konar Department of Veterinary Microbiology West Bengal University of Animal and Fishery Sciences Department of Veterinary Surgery and Radiology West Bengal University of Animal and Fishery Sciences

Objective:To observe other hemoprotozoan diseases with canine ehrlichiosis und to evaluate the clinical and hematological aspects of dogs naturally infected with ehrlichiosis with other hemoprotozoun diseases.Methods:Blood was collected for hematological value and Giemsa stained blood smear was made for diagnosis of Ehrlichia sp.and other hemoprotozoan parasites from naturally infected dogs.Case history was taken from the owner and clinical signs and symptoms were noted.Results:A total of 47 cases of ehrlichiosis in dogs were reported with babesiosis(8.51%)and hepatozoonosis(6.38%)hemoprotozoan diseases.Ehrlichia cams,Ehrlichia ewingii,Brucella canis,Babesia gibsoni and Hepatozoon canis were observed under oil immersion lense of microscope in Giemsa stained peripheral blood smears.Marked anaemia and neutrophilic leukocytosis were observed.Conclusions:The results of this study stated that clinical and haeinatological changes occurred in canine ehrlichiosis with babesiosis and hepatozoonosis due to parasitemia.In mixed infection,the disease more severe,and also it depended on immunity of animals.Babesia gibsoni and Hepatozoon canis with Ehrlichia sp.were first reported from West Bengal state of India by this study.

关键词： Canine Clinical Ehrlichiosis Hematological Hemoprotozoan Kolkata

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印度Kolkata贫民区内霍乱所造成的经济负担:一项前瞻性社区研究情况

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世界核心医学期刊文摘（儿科学分册） 2006年第4期2卷 10-11页

作者： Sur D. Deen J.L. Manna B. S.K. Bhattacharya 李开 National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases P- 33 CIT Rd. Beliaghata Kolkata 700- 010 India.Dr

Aims: To conduct a prospective, community based study in an impoverished urban site in Kolkata (formerly Calcutta) in order to measure the burden of cholera, describe its epidemiology, and search for potential risk factors that could be addressed by public health strategies. Methods: The study population was enumerated at the beginning and end of the study period. Surveillance through five field outposts and two referral hospitals for acute, watery, non bloody diarrhoea was conducted from 1 May 2003 to 30 April 2004. Data and a stool sample for culture of Vibrio cholerae were collected from each patient. Treatment was provided in accordance with national guidelines. Results: From 62 329 individuals under surveillance, 3284 diarrhoea episodes were detected, of which 3276 (99% ) had a stool sample collected and 126 (4% ) were culture confirmed cholera. Nineteen (15% ) were children less than 2 years of age, 29 (23% ) had severe dehydration, and 48 (38% ) were hospitalised. Risk factors for cholera included a household member with cholera during the period of surveillance, young age, and lower educational level. Conclusions: There was a substantial burden of cholera in Kolkata with risk factors not easily amenable to intervention. Young children bear the brunt not only of diarrhoeal diseases in general, but of cholera as well. Mass vaccination could be a potentially useful tool to prevent and control seasonal cholera in this community.

关键词： Kolkata 社区研究卫生策略粪便样本医疗点治疗指导水样腹泻粪便标本结束期始期

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Studies on Interrelations among SO2, NO2and PM10Concentrations and Their Predictions in Ambient Air in Kolkata

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Open Journal of Air Pollution 2012年第2期1卷 42-50页

作者： Sayanti Kar Phalguni Mukherjee Department of Environmental Studies Women’s Christian College Kolkata India Department of Mathematics and Post Graduate Department of Environmental Science Asutosh College Kolkata India

In this paper we have first of all studied the interrelations among the concentrations of SO2, NO2 and PM10 and then predicted their future level of concentrations in the ambient air of Kolkata. The data collected from West Bengal Pollution Control Board website have been used to construct second degree, third degree and four degree polynomial equations using MATLAB software. Since a curve in a small interval can be approximated by a line segment in that small interval, we have observed that better result can be achieved if we replace the curves piece meal wise in small intervals by line segments during January-April, May-August and September-December months. The multiple regression equations among the aforesaid three parameters have been established to predict the value of each parameter in terms of the remaining two. A further improvement in terms of reducing the number of dependent variables has been made using the results of correlation coefficients. Finally, we have predicted the value of each parameter in terms of only one dependent variable.

关键词： Ambient Air Multiple Correlation-Coefficients Kolkata

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Modelling of urban growth boundary using geoinformatics

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International Journal of Digital Earth 2009年第4期2卷 359-381页

作者： B.Bhatta Sr.Systems Engineer Computer Aided Design CentreDept.of Comp.Sc.&Engg.Jadavpur UniversityKolkata-700032India

Urban growth boundary(UGB)is a regulatory measure of local government for delineating limits of urban growth over a period of time.Land within the UGB allows urban development,while the land outside of this boundary remains primarily non-urban.The increasing popularity of UGB demands an easy and effective method to design this boundary.This article introduces a new concept,Ideal Urban Radial Proximity(IURP),to designate a spatial UGB using geoinformatics in the digital environment.The Kolkata urban agglomeration was considered to demonstrate this model.Remotely sensed imageries of three temporal instants(years 1975,1990 and 2005)were considered to determine the information on urban extent and growth of the city.These data were then used as inputs to model the UGB for the years 2020 and 2035.The proposed model discourages scattered development and increase in urban growth rate.It preserves urban vegetation,water bodies and any other important non-urban areas within the inner city space.The IURP concept will also be useful to make the cities circular and polycentric urban blobs into a monocentric tract.Apart from the proposed model and derived results,this research also proves the potential of geoinformatics in modelling a UGB.

关键词： urban planning urban sprawl urban growth boundary ideal urban radial proximity remote sensing GIS digital earth Kolkata

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BTEX in Ambient Air of a Metropolitan City

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Journal of Environmental Protection 2011年第1期2卷 11-20页

作者： D. Majumdar A. K. Mukherjeea S. Sen 不详

The environmental fate, global warming effect and human health risk from mono aromatic VOCs are of major concerns among many consequences of their anthropogenic emission. In more than a yearlong study (November 2003 to February 2005) of the city air in Kolkata, India at different seasons in three different sites, the seasonal mean benzene and toluene concentrations varied between 13.8–72.0 μg/m3 and 21.0–83.2 μg/m3 respectively along all the sites. The environmental distribution and load of BTEX (Benzene, Toluene, Ethylbenzene and isomers of Xylene) in different environmental compartment was estimated using a multimedia mass balance model, TaPL3. The total environmental load of BTEX together was estimated to be 9.7 × 104 kg. Contribution of Kolkata metropolitan city towards global warming due to environmental emission of BTEX has been estimated as 1.9 × 105 tons of carbon dioxide equivalent per year which is about 1.1% of yearly direct CO2 emission the city. The consequence of BTEX emission towards human health has been estimated in terms of non-cancer and cancer risk in population due to their inhalation exposure. The cumulative lifetime cancer risk for benzene and ethylbenzene was found to be higher than the acceptable value and range between 3.0 × 105 and 8.9 × 106 in three sites, although the non-cancer health risk was found to be within acceptable limit.

关键词： Multimedia Mass Balance Seasonal Variation Global Warming Health Risk Kolkata

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