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ZmGRAS11,transactivated by Opaque2,positively regulates kernel size in maize

Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2021年第12期63卷 2031-2037页

作者： Ye Li Shuai Ma Qianqian Zhao Di Lv Baobao Wang Ke Xiao Jiameng Zhu Suzhen Li Wenzhu Yang Xiaoqing Liu Haiyang Wang Xiaojin Zhou Rumei Chen Crop Functional Genome Research Center Biotechnology Research InstituteChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081China Key Laboratory of Agricultural Products Chemical and Biological Processing Technology Zhejiang University of Science and TechnologyHangzhou 310023China Department of Applied Chemistry College of ScienceChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China National Engineering Laboratory of Crop Stress Resistance Breeding Anhui Agricultural UniversityHefei 230036China College of Life Sciences State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-BioresourcesSouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhou 510642China

Although the genetic basis for endosperm development in maize(Zea mays)has been well studied,the mechanism for coordinating grain filling with increasing kernel size remains elusive.Here,we report that increased kernel size was selected during modern breeding and identify a novel DELLA-like transcriptional regulator,ZmGRAS11,which positively regulates kernel size and kernel weight in maize.We find that Opaque2,a core transcription factor for zein protein and starch accumulation,transactivates the expression of Zm GRAS11.Our data suggest that the Opaque2-Zm GRAS11 module mediates synergistic endosperm enlargement with grain filling.

关键词： DELLA-like endosperm kernel size maize Opaque2 seed weight

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Genetic architecture of embryo size and related traits in maize

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The Crop Journal 2022年第1期10卷 204-215页

作者： Xiaowei Li Min Wang Renyu Zhang Hui Fang Xiuyi Fu Xiaohong Yang Jiansheng Li State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry National Maize Improvement Center of ChinaMOA Key Laboratory of Maize BiologyBeijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic ImprovementChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China

The embryo in maize has a critical role in controlling kernel nutrition components and grain yield.We measured five embryo weight and size traits,six kernel weight and size traits,and five embryo-tokernel ratio traits in a nested association mapping(NAM)population of 611 recombinant inbred lines(RILs)derived from four inbred lines including the high-oil,giant-embryo line BY815 as the common parent.Using three statistical methods,we identified 5–22 quantitative trait loci(QTL)for each trait,explaining 4.7%–46.7%of the phenotypic variation.The genetic architecture of maize embryo size and its related traits appeared to be dominated by multiple small-effect loci with little epistasis,and the genetic control underlying embryo size appeared to be distinct from that underlying kernel size.A trait–QTL association network included 205 nodes and 439 edges and revealed 28 key loci associated with at least three traits.Cloned maize genes including Zm Urb2,Emp12 and Zm BAM1 d,maize orthologs of known rice genes that control seed size including BG1,XIAO and GS9,and 11 maize orthologs of Arabidopsis EMBRYO-DEFECTIVE(EMB)genes were identified as underlying these key loci.Further,the phenotypic and genetic relationships between embryo size and kernel size were evaluated,and genetic patterns for identified loci that control embryo size and its related traits were proposed.Our findings reveal distinct genetic architectures for embryo size,kernel size,and embryo-to-kernel ratio traits and establish a foundation for the improvement of embryo-size-mediated kernel nutrition and grain yield.

关键词： Embryo size kernel size Quantitative trait loci Genetic relationship

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Genetic dissection of wheat kernel hardness using conditional QTL mapping of kernel size and protein-related traits

Genetic dissection of wheat kernel hardness using conditiona...

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第八届全国小麦基因组学及分子育种大会

作者： Xiaoxiao Sun Tongtong Liu Kai Liu Xixian Duan Xuerong Wang Qiaoling Wang Yuling An Xin Guan Ji-Chun Tian Jian-Sheng Chen State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology Key Laboratory of Crop Water Physiology and Drought-tolerance Germplasm ImprovementMinistry of Agriculture/Group of Wheat Quality BreedingCollege of AgronomyShandong Agricultural University

kernel hardness(KH) is one of the primary quality parameters for common wheat(Triticum aestivum L.),and it has a major impact on milling properties,flour quality,and end-product properties.In addition to Puroindoline(Pin) mutations and differences in Pin expression,other factors,such as new alleles,kernel size,and protein-related traits,play a noticeable role in determining hardness,but at the quantitative trait locus(QTL) level,the influence of these factors remains unclear.In the present study,genetic relationships between KH and kernel size traits and between KH and kernel protein-related traits were demonstrated by unconditional and conditional mapping using a wheat 90 K genotyping assay with a segregating population of 173 recombinant inbred lines(RILs) in four environments.Six additive QTLs for KH were detected using unconditional QTL mapping analysis;these QTLs were primarily distributed on chromosomes 4 B,5 B,and 6 D with phenotypic variation ranging from 5.28%to 17.73%.In addition,one pair of epistatic QTLs(QKH3 B.4-65/QKH4 B.6-2) was identified by unconditional mapping,and this pair accounted for 1.61%of the phenotypic variation.By conditional mapping after excluding the influences of kernel size,thirteen QTLs were discovered,and they accounted for 5.7-15.5%of the phenotypic variation.Of them,the stable QTL QKH4 B.4-17 exhibited the largest contribution,which was partially influenced by kernel length(KL),kernel thickness(KT),and dry gluten content(DGC).Furthermore,QKH4 B.4-17 was crucially affected by kernel width(KW),kernel diameter(KD),kernel protein content(KPC),and wet gluten content(WGC) and was independent of sedimentation volume(SV) and gluten index(GI).Another major QTL,QKH5 B.10-63,was independent o f KW and KT;it was affected in part by the variation of KL,kernel diameter(KD),DGC,and WGC,and it was completely affected by the KPC,SV,and GI.Nine additional QTLs were only detected in the conditional analysis and were affected entirely by kernel size or kernel protein-related traits.The results de

关键词： wheat kernel hardness conditional mapping kernel size kernel protein-related traits

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