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Variation in Solvent-Extractable Lipids and n-Alkane Compound-Specific Carbon Isotopic Compositions with Depth in a Southern China karst area Soil

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Journal of Earth Science 2010年第4期21卷 382-391页

作者：崔景伟黄俊华 Philip A Meyers 黄咸雨李婧婧刘文贵 State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources and Prospecting China University of Petroleum(Beijing) State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources China University of Geosciences(wuhan) Department of Geological Sciences The University of Michigan Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology of Ministry of Education China University of Geosciences(wuhan)

Because literatures about the lipid compositions of modern soils in karst areas are scarce, we have studied the soil horizons overlying the Heshang （和尚） Cave that has provided paleoclimate records from speleothem lipid contents. Our analysis reveals a series of n-alkanes, free fatty acids, n-alkanols and n-alkan-2-ones distribution and relative abundance changing with the depth, and in which the ratios of the lower molecular weight to higher molecular weight n-alkanes, free fatty acids, n-alkanols and n-alkan-2-ones have a peak at a subsurface depth of 5 to 10 cm. An accompanying peakin 17β（H）, 21β（H）-hop-22（29）-ene （diploptene） and a shift to less negative n-alkane carbon isotopic values also identify this layer in the karst soil. This pattern indicates the existence of a subsurface soil layer in which the microorgan- isms that produce these compounds are espe- cially abundant. The carbon isotopic values of individual plant wax n-alkanes are about 3%0 greater at the base of the 30- to 40-cm soil profile than in the surface layer, probably as a result ofselective microbial degradation of n-alkanes from different primary sources. The lipids and carbon iso- topic values of individual plant wax n-alkanes study of the overlying soil show a strong microbial activity in this karst soil and help in interpreting the lipid compositions and specific carbon isotopic value of n-alkanes of the stalagmites of the Heshang Cave for paleoenvironmental reconstructions.

关键词： lipid biomarker modern soil karst area compound-specific carbon isotopic value n -alkan-2-one.

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Trade-offs and Synergies of Ecosystem Services in karst area of China Driven by Grain-for-Green Program

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Chinese Geographical Science 2020年第1期30卷 101-114页

作者： WANG Xiaofeng ZHANG Xinrong FENG Xiaoming LIU Shirong YIN Lichang CHEN Yongzhe School of Earth Science and Resources Chang'an UniversityXi'an 710054China Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Land Consolidation Xi'an 710054China State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology Research Center for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China Institute of Forest Ecology Environment and ProtectionChinese Academy of ForestryBeijing 100091China

As an important means regulating the relationship between human and natural ecosystem,ecological restoration program plays a key role in restoring ecosystem *** Grain-for-Green Program(GFGP,One of the world’s most ambitious ecosystem conservation set-aside programs aims to transfer farmland on steep slopes to forestland or grassland to increase vegetation coverage)has been widely implemented from 1999 to 2015 and exerted significant influence on land use and ecosystem services(ESs).In this study,three ecological models(In VEST,RUSLE,and CASA)were used to accurately calculate the three key types of ESs,water yield(WY),soil conservation(SC),and net primary production(NPP)in karst area of southwestern China from 1982 to *** impact of GFGP on ESs and trade-offs was *** provides practical guidance in carrying out ecological regulation in karst area of China under global climate *** showed that ESs and trade-offs had changed dramatically driven by *** detail,temporally,SC and NPP exhibited an increasing trend,while WY exhibited a decreasing ***,SC basically decreased from west to east;NPP basically increased from north to south;WY basically increased from west to east;NPP and SC,SC and WY developed in the direction of trade-offs driven by the GFGP,while NPP and WY developed in the direction of ***,future ecosystem management and restoration policy-making should consider trade-offs of ESs so as to achieve sustainable provision of ESs.

关键词： ecosystem service trade-off and synergy Grain-for-Green Program partial correlation analysis karst area China

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Tradeoffs and synergies between ecosystem services : A comparison of the karst and non-karst area

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Journal of Mountain Science 2020年第5期17卷 1221-1234页

作者： HAN Hui-qing LIU Yue GAO Hong-juan ZHANG Ying-jia WANG Zhe CHEN Xiao-qiao College of Architecture and Urban Planning Guizhou Institute of TechnologyGuiyang 550003China School of Geography and Resources Guizhou Education UniversityGuiyang 550018China

Under the influence of various natural and human factors, the relationship between the ecosystem services provided for human beings by a karst ecosystem is becoming increasingly complex, profoundly limiting the effective and sustainable development of the social economy and ecosystem protection in karst areas. Taking Guizhou, China as an example, which includes both karst(including five different landforms) and non-karst area, the study explored and compared the tradeoff and synergy between ecosystem services in both terrain types. The results showed higher change rates of water yield and soil retention in karst areas than those in non-karst areas, with only small differences in the carbon storage and crop production change. The ecosystem service relationships in the karst area from 1995 to 2005 were consistent with the relationships in the non-karst area. However, differences were observed in most of these relationships from 2005 to 2015. The relationships between ecosystem services in different karst landforms from 1995 to 2005 remained the same, but there are differences found in the relationships of ecosystem services from 2005 to 2015. The trade-off and synergistic relationships between ecosystem services in the different landforms were closely related to the changes of climate and land use, particularly related to rainfall, rainfall erosivity, farmland, and forestland.

关键词： Ecosystem service Tradeoff and synergy Spatial pattern karst area Guizhou

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APPROACH OF DETERMINISTIC GEOMORPH OLOGIC INSTANTANEOUS UNIT HYDROGRAPH TO HYDROLOGICAL PROCESSES' SIMULATION IN karst area

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Chinese Geographical Science 2002年第4期12卷 354-358页

作者： WANGLa-chun ZHANGJian-xin ZHOUYin-kang CHENXiao-ling DUJin-kang DepartmentofUrbanandResourcesSciences NanfingUniversityNanfing210093P.R.China StateKeyLaboratoryforInformationEngineeringinSurveying MappingandRemoteSensingWuhanUniversityWuhan430079P.R.China

In order to analyze the condition of s pecial landform and regularity of sp ecial hydrological movement in karst area,the method of Geomorphologic Instantaneous Unit Hydrograph(GIUH)has been used to divide the river net-works into three grades in the research area and the karst hydrologic processes were simulated with Nash insta ntaneous u-nit hydrograph(NIUH).The combination of the GIUH and NIUH fully considers the moving path of wa ter particles in drainage and the regional composition of runoff at the end of the drainage,resulting in a rational combinatio n of probabili-ty of GIUH and NIUH and geomorphologic parameters which could reflect the complexity of the landform structur e of karst *** results showed t hat the combined method of GIUH and NI UH has clear physical concept and acc ept-able precision,which can be widely a pplied on hydrological studies of karst area.

关键词： karst area geomorphological instantaneous unit hydrograph nashinstantaneous unit hydrograph

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Groundwater resources in karst area in Southern China and sustainable utilization pattern

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Journal of Groundwater Science and Engineering 2016年第4期4卷 301-309页

作者： XIA Ri-yuan Institute of karst Geology Chinese Academy of Geological SciencesMinistry of Land and ResourcesGuangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Karst Dynamics Key Laboratory

Occurrence conditions of groundwater in southern karst area are complicated. The water-bearing media in the karst have multiplicity, and the groundwater is hosted in holes, gaps, seams, pipes and caves. The karst water shows heterogeneity where fast and slow flow coexist, and the Darcy and non-Darcy flow coexist, and the liquid flow, the gas flow and solid flow coexist. The evaluation and investigation indicates that the mineable resource of karst groundwater is about 53.44 billion m^3/y, and the current exploitation quantity is merely 6.565 billion m^3/year. The exploitation and utilization potential is gigantic. In the region there are altogether 2 763 karst subterranean rivers with a total length of 12 687 km. The dry season runoff volume equals to 47 billion m^3/year. At present the exploitation is only 10%. Four effective utilization models of karst groundwater resources have been put forward.(1) The karst hills-depression zone formed the surface-underground united reservoir. By digging tunnels, water diversion irrigation and generating electricity, the ecological economy is developed.(2) In the deep-cut peak cluster depression area, by using the high-part Epikarst spring and constructing the regulation and storage water tank, the stereo ecological agriculture is developed.(3) In the karst peak forest plain and hilly-gully area, the pump-type underground regulating reservoir is constructed and the water-saving ecological agriculture is strengthened.(4) In the fault basin region with the surrounding groundwater runoff belting beam backwater, the water resources are jointly controlled to develop a fruit crop base within the basin.

关键词： karst area Subterranean river Water resources Sustainable utilization

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Analysis on the Characteristics and Laws of Tunnel Hydraulic Inrush in karst area

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Journal of Architectural Research and Development 2023年第4期7卷 39-45页

作者： Xingxing Wang Senyang Wu Donglin Dai China Merchants Chongqing Highway Engineering Testing Center Co. Ltd.Chongqing 400067China

As highways are extended to deep mountains,high altitudes,and special geological conditions,tunnel construction becomes more and more challenging,especially the construction of tunnels in karst *** to the particularity of the regional geological structure,karst is well developed in the southwest of our country,especially at areas where the problem of tunnel water inrush in karst areas is more *** further ensure the safe construction and operation of tunnels,the characteristics of tunnels in karst areas is analyzed in this article.

关键词： karst area Tunnel Water inrush Mechanics

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Pool Sizes and Turnover of Soil Organic Carbon of Farmland Soil in karst area of Guilin

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Journal of Northeast Agricultural University(English Edition) 2011年第1期18卷 39-45页

作者： YANG Hui CAO Jianhua ZHANG Liankai HOU Yanlin MAO Lifeng Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China Institute of karst Geology of CAGS Guilin 541004 Guangxi China Environmental Management College of China Qinhuangdao 066004 Hebei China International Culture College of Capital Normal University Beijing 100089 China

The three-pool and first-order model separates the mineralizable organic carbon into active,slow,and passive carbon *** paper used the model and decomposition curves of the soil organic carbon to fit the active pool and its decomposition rate,slow pool and its decomposition *** results showed that the size of the active pool from different profiles accounted for 2.09%-3.08% of the total soil organic carbon and the mean residue time was 3.57-17.21 *** the size of the slow pool accounted for 3.19%-43.55% and the mean residue time was 1.12-4.94 *** hydrolysis（6M HCl） was used to fractionate the passive organic carbon,which accounted for 50.83%-94.44% of the total soil organic carbon.

关键词： karst area farmland soil organic carbon pool turnover time

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Assessments on Ecological Sensitivity and Ecosystem Service Value in karst area Based on GIS——Taking Bijie Prefecture in Guizhou for Example

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Meteorological and Environmental Research 2010年第6期1卷 86-90页

作者：马骅安裕伦贵州师范大学地理与环境科学学院贵州贵阳550001 贵州师范大学山地资源与环境遥感应用重点实验室贵州贵阳550001

Assessments on ecological sensitivity and ecosystem service value are two important basic works in eco-functional regionalization. According to the special ecological environment in Guizhou Province,GIS technology was used in the classification evaluations of soil erosion sensitivity,acid rain sensitivity and rocky desertification sensitivity in Bijie Prefecture,and then the comprehensive evaluation on eco-environmental sensitivity was carried out. Finally,the preliminary economic estimation of ecosystem service value in Bijie Prefecture was made by means of the appraisal approach for ecosystem service proposed by Costanza.

关键词： GIS karst area Ecosystem sensitivity Ecosystem service value China

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Application of TSD tunnel seismic prediction system in karst area

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Global Geology 2008年第4期11卷 246-250页

作者： Lizhi DU Xiaopei ZHANG Jianjun NIU Xuege WANG College of Construction Engineering Jilin University Changchun 130026 China China Northeast Municipal Engineering Design and Research Institute Changchun 130021 China

TSD is one of the classical methods of tunnel seismic prediction based on higher accuracy multi-wave multi-component *** working principle of the TSD and an application example of the TSD on tunnel prediction in Chongqing are introduced in this *** system has two ports for speed signal and acceleration signal,and the equipment is more portable and easy to *** to the application results we can conclude that the TSD prediction system is accurate and it has the wide application prospect in tunnel seismic detection.

关键词： TSD tunnel seismic prediction karst area

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Study on Ecological Footprints and Sustainable Development in karst area——Taking Anshun as an example

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Meteorological and Environmental Research 2012年第5期3卷 45-48页

作者： WANG Hong HUANG Ying LOU Zhao Resource and Environment Department Anshun CollegeAnshun 561000China

[ Objective] The aim was to study the ecological footprint and sustainable development in karst area. [ Method] By dint of statistical da- ta of Anshun City in 2008, the ecological footprint of Anshun City was calculated. The sustainable development of ecological system in Anshun City was analyzed from the angle of balance of supply and demand. [ Result] The per capita ecological capacity was 0.447 8 hm2/cap in 2008, per capi- ta ecological footprint was 2.309 0 hm2/cap, and ecological surplus of deficit was 1.861 2 hm2/cap. It meant the EF of the present region in terms of human activities had already exceeded the benchmark of system ecological carrying capacity. The supply of natural resources can＇t fully meet people＇s needs, and land use was unsustainable. The sustainable development of karst area can be realized through changing people＇s production and life consumption model, building resources-saving social productive consumption system, depending scientific and technological development, improving production technology, using new technology, improving resources utilization effect and developing recycle economy. [Condusion] The study provided theoretical basis for sustainable development in karst area.

关键词： Ecological footprint Sustainability karst area China

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