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Use of a calibrated SWAT model to evaluate the effects of agricultural BMPs on sediments of the kalaya river basin (North of Morocco)

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International Soil and Water Conservation Research 2019年第2期7卷 176-183页

作者： Harnza Briak Rachid Mrabet Rachid Moussadek Khadija Aboumaria Department of Earth Sciences Faculty of Sciences and Techniques(FST)Abdelmalek Essaadi UniversityPostal Box 41690000 TangierMorocco Department of Environment and Natural Resources Scientific DivisionNational Institute for Agricultural Research(INRA)Postal Box 41510000 RabatMorocco

Soil erosion from agricultural fields is a worldwide problem,to influence water quality,soil fertility and reservoir sedimentation especially in Mediterranean countries such as Morocco.In fact,this work assesses the effects of Best Management Practices (BMPs) on sediments using the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model in the kalaya watershed in Northem Morocco,to recommend the most appropriate practice.This study is based on the use of three most usable practices:contouring,stripcropping and terracing,by the calibrated SWAT model.The general parameters of the model have been modified to reflect the implementation of different agricultural BMPs used.Resulting sediment yield were compared with the baseline scenario,for validation.However,the effective measures to reduce sediment losses at the watershed level are organized according to their effectiveness,and these are terracing (28% reduction and the value is 15t/ha/yr) followed by strip-cropping (9% reduction and the value is 5t/ha/yr).In contrast,measurements performed by the contouring are inappropriate for the study area because they have contributed to increasing the soil erosion (more than 31% of losses and the value is 17t/ha/yr more than existing conditions).Therefore,the model illustrates that the terrace is effective for reducing sediment losses and limiting soil erosion especially on steep slopes.Thus,the results provide useful information for targeted management in order to implement the most effective agricultural BMPs in the watershed.

关键词： Modeling Agricultural BMPs Sediment SWAT kalaya river basin North Morocco

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Effects of Vegetation Cover and Land Use Changes on Soil Erosion in kalaya Watershed (North Western Morocco)

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International Journal of Geosciences 2015年第12期6卷 1353-1366页

作者： Khadija Ben Hamman Lech-hab Lamiae Khali Issa Ahmed Raissouni Abdelkrim El Arrim Abdelghani Afailal Tribak Rachid Moussadek Department of Earth Sciences Laboratory of Environment Oceanology and Natural Resources Faculty of Sciences and Technologies Abdelmalek Essaadi University Tangier Morrocco Unit of Environmental Research and Conservation of Natural Resources Laboratory of Mapping GIS and Remote Sensing Regional Centre of Agricultural Research INRA Rabat Morrocco

Vegetation cover degradation is still a very common problem in many parts of Morocco;moreover, it affects straight up the amount of the annual soil loss rate. The analytical approach used in this study, respectively, includes remote sensing techniques, application of USLE (Universal Soil Loss Equation) and overlay analysis in a raster Geographic Information System (GIS) environment, employing available information on the region covering the kalaya catchment. Thus, this procedure allowed the calculation of the NDVI (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index), the execution of two types of classification (unsupervised and supervised) for 1999 and 2010 imagery and eventually the prediction of soil erosion risk in the watershed in question. The main outcome was the production of multidate vegetation cover maps, land use maps and soil loss risk maps. The overlay of two maps allowed us to highlight the changes occurred in this area, which evidence the high anthropogenic impact on the dynamics of land use and vegetation cover. The results suggest that the outputs of this study can be used for predicting rate of soil loss, which varied from 31.68 t·ha-1·yr-1 in 1999 to 34.74 t·ha-1·yr-1 in 2010.

关键词： Remote Sensing GIS kalaya Catchment Land Use USLE

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