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Prevalence of kala-azar infection in Pokot county, Amudat district, Northeastern Uganda

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Open Journal of Epidemiology 2013年第4期3卷 203-208页

作者： Walter D. Odoch Joseph O. Olobo School of Biomedical Sciences Makerere University College of Health Sciences Kampala Uganda School of Public Health Makerere University College of Health Sciences Kampala Uganda

Introduction: Visceral leishmaniasis (kala-azar) caused by Leishmania donovani and transmitted by the sand-fly Phlebotomus martini is endemic in certain foci in north-eastern Uganda where it is thought to be confined to Pokot county, Amudat district. Amudat hospital records (April 1998-March 1999) indicated that kala-azar accounted for about 17% of hospital in-patients. However the actual prevalence of kala-azar infection in the community in Pokot county is unknown. This lack of information limits efforts geared towards its control. Objective: To determine the prevalence of kala-azar infection in Pokot county. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in Pokot county in March 2010. The study participants were ≥ 5 years and were randomly selected from the age and sex strata in the chosen clusters. A questionnaire that elicited demographic profiles of participants was used for data collection. Standard procedure for direct agglutination test using blood samples collected from participants on blotting papers was performed. Data was entered in EPIINFO 3.3 and exported to STATA 10, where descriptive statistics were generated. Results: The overall prevalence of kala-azar infection in Pokot county was 17.2% but the prevalence of symptomatic infection in the community was 2.5%. The ratio of symptomatic to asymptomatic kala-azar was 1:6. Loroo sub-county had the highest prevalence of kala-azar infection followed by Karita and Amudat sub-counties at 31.9%, 14.6% and 5.3%, respectively. Conclusion: With kala-azar infection prevalence at 17.2% in the community, there is an urgent need to institute control program spearheaded by ministry of health, in the region. Furthermore, recent reports of cases from other districts within the region, the heterogeneous distribution of infection within the county and the current risk factors, including the role of animals in kala-azar transmission in this area need to be evaluated.

关键词： kala-azar Pokot Amudat Prevalence Direct Agglutination Test

Novel PCR primers to diagnose visceral Leishmaniasis using peripheral blood, spleen or bone marrow aspirates

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2017年第8期10卷 819-824页

作者： Mahbuba Khatun S M Sabbir Alam Abed Hussain Khan MAnwar Hossain Jalaluddin Ashraful Haq MdShariful Alam Jilani Mohammad Tariqur Rahman Muhammad Manjurul Karim Department of Microbiology University of Dhaka Department of Medicine Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University Department of Microbiology Ibrahim Medical College & BIRDEM Hospital Faculty of Dentistry University of Malaya

Objective: To establish a suitable method of diagnosis of visceral Leishmania sis(VL) using peripheral blood, spleen or bone marrow aspirates. Methods: Peripheral blood, bone marrow and spleen aspirate samples were collected from clinically suspected VL patients(n=26). A new PCR primer pair(MK1F/R) was designed targeting kinetoplast mini circle DNA sequences of Leishmania donovani, and Leishmania infantum, and was used to diagnose VL along with some other established primers for VL in polymerase chain reactions. Test was validated by comparing with several other diagnostic methods. Results: The designed primer set showed 100% specificity and 98% sensitivity in detecting VL using blood samples, when compared with more invasive samples: bone marrow or spleen aspirates. Conclusions: The newly designed primer MK1F/R could be a better alternative for PCR based diagnosis of VL using less invasive sample, peripheral blood instead of bone marrow or spleen aspirates.

关键词：内脏的 leishmaniasis kala-azar 利什曼原虫种类 PCR 察觉新教材

Next-generation sequencing technology for diagnosis and efficacy evaluation of a patient with visceral leishmaniasis: A case report

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2021年第32期9卷 9903-9910页

作者： Zhou-Ning Lin Yong-Cheng Sun Jia-Ping Wang Yan-Li Lai Li-Xia Sheng Internal Medicine School of Medicine Ningbo UniversityNingbo 315000Zhejiang ProvinceChina Department of Hematology Ningbo First HospitalNingbo 315000Zhejiang ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND Visceral leishmaniasis(VL)is a parasitic disease caused by Leishmania and transmitted by infected sand *** has a low incidence in China,and its clinical presentation is complex and *** disease is easily misdiagnosed and can become life-threatening within a short period of ***,early,rapid and accurate diagnosis and treatment of the disease are *** SUMMARY A 25-year-old male patient presented with the clinical manifestations of irregular fever,hepatosplenomegaly,increased polyclonal globulin,and *** first bone marrow puncture biopsy did not provide a clear *** order to relieve the pressure and discomfort of the organs caused by the enlarged spleen and to confirm the diagnosis,splenectomy was performed,and hemophagocytic syndrome was diagnosed by pathological examination of the spleen *** bone marrow and spleen pathological re-diagnosis and metagenomic next-generation sequencing(mNGS)technology detection,the patient was finally diagnosed with *** treatment with liposomal amphotericin B,the body temperature quickly returned to normal and the hemocytes recovered ***-treatment re-examination of the bone marrow puncture and mNGS data showed that Leishmania was not *** As a fast and accurate detection method,mNGS can diagnose and evaluate the efficacy of treatment in suspicious cases of leishmaniasis.

关键词： Visceral leishmaniasis kala-azar Next-generation sequencing Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis Diagnosis Case report

A rare case of visceral leishmaniasis misdiagnosed as systemic lupus erythematosus

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Rheumatology & Autoimmunity 2021年第1期1卷 58-63页

作者： Mai Zheng Shuang Liu Xiangyu Wang XingJun Li Nan Wang Yulong Guo Jingyi Yang Bibhuti Upreti Ruomei Cui Jian Xu Department of Rheumatology and Immunology First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical UniversityKunmingChina Department of Cardiology Yunnan Fuwai Cardiovascular HospitalKunmingChina Yunnan Shunxi Regenerative Medicine Engineering Co. KunmingChina

Visceral leishmaniasis(VL)is an infectious disease caused by Leishmania donovani and transmitted by *** can be life-threatening if not *** clinical features of VL include recurrent fever,pancytopenia,splenomegaly,and a variety of positive autoantibodies,which can lead to a misdiagnosis of systemic lupus erythematosus(SLE).We report the case of a 25-year-old woman with VL misdiagnosed as SLE to add to the existing literature on this subject.

关键词： kala-azar Leishmania donovani systemic lupus erythematosus visceral leishmaniasis