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Is the kafirin profile capable of modulating the ileal digestibility of amino acids in a soybean meal-sorghum diet fed to pigs?

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Animal Nutrition 2019年第2期5卷 124-129页

作者： Víctor A.Balderrama-Pérez JoséG.Gómez-Soto Tércia C.Reis de Souza Ericka R.Rodríguez Gerardo Mariscal-Landín Facultad de Estudios Superiores Cuatitlán Universidad National Autónoma de MéxicoCuautitlan54714Mexico Facultad de Cientias Naturales Universidad Autónoma de QuerétaroQuerétaro76230Mexico Centro Nacional de Investigación Disciplinaria en Fisiología y Mejoramiento Animal Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales Agrícolas y PecuariasAjuchitilan76380Mexico

The effects of kafirins on protein and amino acid ileal digestibility have not been evaluated in vivo in *** aim of this study was to determine the effects of protein profile on apparent ileal digestibility(AID)of amino acids. We used a sorghum hybrid with low tannin content(kafirin profile. Sorghum with greater content of total kafirins had less content of y-and al-kafirins and higher content of β-and a2-kafirins than that with lower content of total kafirins. Two sorghum-soybean meal(SBM) diets were formulated: 1) low kafirin(LK) content(32.2 g/kg) and 2) high kafirin(HK) content(48.1 g/kg). A control diet(maize-SBM) and a reference SBM-diet were also prepared. The reference diet was fed to all pigs following the experimental period and was used to estimate the AID of cereals by the difference method. 'T' cannulas were fixed in the distal ileum of 18 barrows(6 by treatment), divided into 2 groups of 9 pigs. The pigs were fed 2.5 times their maintenance requirement of digestible energy(110 kcal/kg BW00.75). The AID of dry matter,protein, amino acids, and energy of the experimental diets was measured;the AID of cereals(maize, LK sorghum and HK sorghum) was estimated by the difference method. The maize-SBM diet was more digestible than the sorghum-SBM diets, only with respect to valine(P kafirin profile between the diets only affected the AID of threonine(P kafirins in L

关键词： Amino acids Ileal digestibility kafirin Pig Sorghum

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Performance of broiler chickens offered nutritionally-equivalent diets based on two red grain sorghums with quantified kafirin concentrations as intact pellets or re-ground mash following steam-pelleting at65 or 97℃ conditioning temperatures

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Animal Nutrition 2015年第3期1卷 220-228页

作者： Ha H.Truong Karlie A.Neilson Bernard V.McInerney Ali Khoddami Thomas H.Roberts Sonia Yun Liu Peter H.Selle Poultry Research Foundation within the Faculty of Veterinary Science The University of Sydney Australian Poultry CRC University of New England Australian Proteome Analysis Facility Macquarie University Department of Plant and Food Sciences Faculty of Agriculture and Environment The University of Sydney

The Liverpool Plains is a fertile agricultural region in New South Wales, Australia. Two sorghums from the2009 Liverpool Plains harvest, sorghums #3 and #5, were extensively characterised which included concentrations of kafirin and phenolic compounds plus rapid visco-analysis(RVA) starch pasting profiles. Diets based on these two sorghums were formulated to be iso-nitrogenous and iso-energetic and were offered to male Ross 308 broiler chicks from 7 to 28 days post–hatch as either intact pellets or reground mash following steam-pelleting at conditioning temperatures of either 65 or 97°C. Thus the feeding study consisted of a 2×2×2 factorial array of dietary treatments: two sorghum varieties, two feed forms and two conditioning temperatures. Each of the eight treatments was replicated six times with six birds per replicate *** parameters included growth performance, nutrient utilisation, apparent starch and protein(N) digestibility coefficients and disappearance rates from the distal jejunum and distal ileum. Intact pellets supported higher(P kafirin(61.5 versus 50.7 g/kg) and conjugated phenolic acids,including ferulic acid(31.1 versus 25.6 mg/g). There were no significant differences in jejunal and ileal starch and protein(N) d

关键词： Broiler chickens Ferulic acid kafirin Protein Sorghum Starch

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The potential of rapid visco-analysis starch pasting profiles to gauge the quality of sorghum as a feed grain for chicken-meat production

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Animal Nutrition 2017年第1期3卷 11-18页

作者： Ha H.Truong Ali Khoddami Amy F.Moss Sonia Y.Liu Peter H.Selle Poultry Research Foundation Faculty of Veterinary Science The University of Sydney Australian Poultry CRC University of New England Department of Plant and Food Sciences Faculty of Agriculture and Environment The University of Sydney

Thirteen extensively characterised grain sorghum varieties were evaluated in a series of 7 broiler bioassays. The efficiency of energy utilisation of broiler chickens offered sorghum-based diets is problematic and the bulk of dietary energy is derived from sorghum starch. For this reason, rapid visco-analysis(RVA)starch pasting profiles were determined as they may have the potential to assess the quality of sorghum as a feed grain for chicken-meat production. In review, it was found that concentrations of kafirin and total phenolic compounds were negatively correlated with peak and holding RVA viscosities to significant extents across 13 sorghums. In a meta-analysis of 5 broiler bioassays it was found that peak, holding,breakdown and final RVA viscosities were positively correlated with ME:GE ratios and peak and breakdown RVA viscosities with apparent metabolizable energy corrected for nitrogen(AMEn) to significant extents. In a sixth study involving 10 sorghum-based diets peak, holding and breakdown RVA viscosities were positively correlated with ME:GE ratios and AMEn. Therefore, it emerged that RVA starch pasting profiles do hold promise as a relatively rapid means to assess sorghum quality as a feed grain for chicken-meat production. This potential appears to be linked to quantities of kafirin and total phenolic compounds present in sorghum and it would seem that both factors depress RVA starch viscosities in vitro and, in turn, also depress energy utilisation in birds offered sorghum-based diets. Given that other feed grains do not contain kafirin and possess considerably lower concentrations of phenolic compounds, their RVA starch pasting profiles may not be equally indicative.

关键词： kafirin Phenolics Poultry Rapid visco-analysis Sorghum Starch

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Outlook:Sorghum as a feed grain for Australian chicken-meat production

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Animal Nutrition 2018年第1期4卷 17-30页

作者： Peter H.Selle Amy F.Moss Ha H.Truong Ali Khoddami David J.Cadogan Ian D.Godwin Sonia Y.Liu Poultry Research Foundation The University of Sydney Sydney Institute of Agriculture Faculty of ScienceThe University of Sydney Feedworks School of Agriculture and Food Sciences The University of Queensland

This review is an outlook for sorghum as a feed grain for broiler chickens based on a survey of relevant stake-holders and recent research *** grain sorghum production will probably continue to generate a harvest in the order of 2.5×10~6t of which some 7.9×10~5t will be used as a feed grain for poultry and *** grains are included primarily to provide energy from starch,but energy utilisation by broiler chickens offered sorghum-based diets is relatively inferior,because of incomplete starch ***,the dominant protein fraction,‘non-tannin’phenolic compounds and phytate are 3‘starch extrinsic’factors in sorghum that compromise starch digestibility and energy utilisation in broiler chickens offered sorghum-based *** concentrations in 6 sorghum varieties were negatively correlated with metabolizable energy to gross energy(ME:GE)ratios(r=0.891;Pkafirin proportions of sorghum protein may be increasing with time in *** so,this represents a fundamental challenge to sorghum breeders which presumably could be met by the development of sorghum varieties with different characteristics,especially in relation to the g-and b-kafirin *** sorghum varieties contain lower polyphenol concentrations which should be advantageous as concentrations of total phenolic compounds were negatively correlated to ME:GE ratios(r=0.838;Pkafirin and phenolic ***,while better sorghum varieties almost certainly could be developed,it may not necessarily follow that they will command a price premium from poultry and pig producers.

关键词： kafirin Phenolic compounds Phytate Poultry Sorghum Starch

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