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China Geology 2022年第1期5卷 34-45页

作者： Bang-jun Liu Guang-chen Chu Cun-liang Zhao Yu-zhuang Sun Key Laboratory of Resource Exploration Research of Hebei Province Hebei University of EngineeringHandan 056038China Department of Environmental Analytical Chemistry Institute of Atmospheric and Environmental SciencesGoethe-University Frankfurt am MainFrankfurt am Main 60438Germany Saifeite Engineering Technology Group Co.Ltd.Qingdao 266035 China

The granite collected from the Yinshan Mountain and kaolinite has been selected for the leaching and adsorption experiment,respectively,aiming to clarify the enrichment processes of Li and Ga during the *** suggest both Li and Ga could be leached out from granite by using different acid solutions of different p H and kaolinite can adsorb Li and Ga with varying *** and Ga had the highest leaching ratio when p H=*** geological events(*** eruptions and wildfires),which could result in very low p H values of water in peatland,may have accelerated the release of Li and Ga from the source *** has the highest adsorption fraction was obtained at p H=*** different characteristics of Li and Ga displayed in the leaching and adsorption experiments probably result from the different occurrences and enrichment processes of Li and Ga in the *** was probably enriched before the Li carriers(***)had been transported into paleomires because of its high leaching ratio and high adsorption fraction under neutral and alkaline conditions,whereas Ga was more likely concentrated by kaolinite and other carriers after it had been transported into the peat mires.

关键词： Leaching Adsorption Lithium Gallium Granite kaolinite Mineral exploration engineering Jungar Coalfield North China

Flotation performance of a novel Gemini collector for kaolinite at low temperature

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International Journal of Mining Science and Technology 2021年第6期31卷 1145-1152页

作者： Shiyong Zhang Zhiqiang Huang Hongling Wang Rukuan Liu Chen Cheng Shuyi Shuai Yajing Hu Zhiqun Guo Xinyang Yu Guichun He Weng Fu School of Resource and Environment Engineering Jiangxi University of Science and TechnologyGanzhou 34100China Guangdong Institute of Resources Comprehensive Utilization Guangzhou 510650China Hunan Academy of Forestry Changsha 410004China School of Chemical Engineering The University of QueenslandBrisbane 4072Australia

How to sustainably produce bauxite by effective reverse froth flotation of kaolinite at low temperature is an urgent problem to be solved in the field of mineral *** this work,a novel amino-based Gemini surfactant butadiyl-1,4-bis(dimethyl dodecylammonium bromide)(BBDB) was prepared and first utilized as a novel collector for kaolinite *** flotation performance for kaolinite was compared with that of the common monomolecular surfactant 1-dodecylamine(DDA) by micro-flotation *** tests results indicated that 95% kaolinite recovery was obtained using 2.0×10^(-4) mol/L BBDB at 25℃ which was half of the dosage when DDA obtained the maximum kaolinite recovery of81%.At extremely low temperature(0℃),3.0×10^(-4) mol/L BBDB could still collect 91% kaolinite,while DDA showed a frustrating *** contact angle tests indicated that BBDB could still significantly improve the hydrophobicity of the kaolinite surface(contact angle 71.7°) than DDA(contact angle only25.8°) at 0℃.The Krafft point comparison tests indicated that BBDB had a much lower Krafft point(below0℃) than *** transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR)-spectrum analysis and zeta potential measurements showed that BBDB was physically adsorbed on the surface of kaolinite through electrostatic interaction.

关键词： kaolinite Bauxite Gemini surfactant Flotation collector Low temperature

Effect of Er2O3 and Pr6O11 on non-isothermal kinetics of mullite formation from kaolinite

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Journal of Rare Earths 2017年第8期35卷 831-836页

作者：匡敬忠李琳刘鹏飞原伟泉胡锦邱廷省 Faculty of Resources and Environmental Engineering Jiangxi University of Science and Technology Ganzhou 341000 China

The non-isothermal kinetics of mullite formation from both non-mixed and mixed with different rare earth oxides（Pr6O11 and Er2O3） kaolinite were studied by comprehensive thermal analysis technologies and X-ray diffraction（XRD）. Meanwhile, Kissinger equation, Ozawa equation and JMA modified equation（I） and（II） were employed for analysis of the effects of Pr6O11 and Er2O3 on the kinetics of kaolinite in phase transformation at high temperatures. The results showed that the addition of two kinds of rare earth oxides influenced the crystallization kinetic parameters of kaolinite. Crystallization activation energies and frequency factors of the kaolinite mixed with Pr6O11 were obviously decreased compared with the kaolinite with none, but the kaolinite mixed with Er2O3 weakly decreased. Crystallization behaviors were not changed, belonging to volume crystallization. Mullite formation from kaolinite was suppressed while generation of cristobalite was promoted by Pr6O11, and effect of Er2O3 on mullite formation from kaolinite under high temperature was not evident.

关键词： kaolinite mullite Pr6O11 Er2O3 phase transformation kinetics rare earths

Adsorption characterizations of fulvic acid fractions onto kaolinite

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2008年第5期20卷 528-535页

作者： LI Aimin XU Minjuan LI Wenhui WANG Xuejun DAI Jingyu College of Environmental Science Peking University Beijing 100871 China. College of Resources and Environmental Sciences Nanjing Agricultural University Nanjing 210095 China

Fulvic acids extracted from a typical rice-production region near Taihu Lake of China were fractionated into three fractions including F4.8, F7.0 and F11.0 （eluted by pH 4.8 buffer, pH 7.0 buffer and pH 11.0 buffer, respectively）. Sorption of fulvic acid （FA） fractions onto kaolinite was studied by batch adsorption experiments, and characterizations of kaolinite before and after adsorption were investigated using scanning electron microscopy （SEM）. Adsorption isotherms of kaolinite for three FA fractions fit well with the Langrnuir adsorption model. The adsorption density of the three fractions was positively correlated with the ratio of the amount of the alkyl carbon to that of carboxyl and carbonyl carbon in FA fractions and followed an order of F11.0 〉 F7.0 〉 F4.8. Hydrophobic interaction was one of the control mechanisms for the sorption of FA fraction onto kaolinite. SEM images confirmed that compared to blank kaolinite samples, kaolinite samples coated by a FA fraction displayed an opener and more dispersed conformation resulting from the disruption of the floc structure in complex. Dispersion of kaolinite after adsorption was due to the repulsion between negatively charged FA-coated particles, which is closely related to the amount of FA fractions absorbed on kaolinite.

关键词： fulvic acid (FA) fractions kaolinite adsorption scanning electron microscopy (SEM)

Evaluation of flocculation characteristics of kaolinite dispersion system using guar gum:A green flocculant

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International Journal of Mining Science and Technology 2019年第5期29卷 745-755页

作者： R.K.Dwari B.K.Mishra Mineral Processing Department CSIR-Institute of Minerals and Materials TechnologyBhubaneswar 751013India Indian Institute of Technology Goa 403401India

This paper reports the systematic investigation on the flocculation,sedimentation and consolidation characteristics of kaolinite using guar gum as a green ***-situ flocculation behavior of kaolinite at various pH,guar gum dosages,and ionic strength were studied using a light scattering *** effect of these parameters on the settling rate,solid consolidation,and supernatant liquid clarity was *** morphology of kaolinite and flocculated kaolinite aggregates were analyzed using *** morphology studies suggest that it is poorly crystalline with multiple steps on edge,broken edge;laminar with high aspect ratio and have rough basal *** complex irregularity on the basal surface and the presence of multiple steps in the edges,broken edges(hydroxyl groups)have facilitated the guar gum *** isoelectric point of kaolinite is pH *** pH,ionic strength and flocculant dosage have a significant effect on the kaolinite settling *** guar gum has exhibited excellent turbidity removal efficiency at pH *** turbidity removal is inefficient at pH ***,guar gum has shown high turbidity removal with 80%transmission at pH 10 in the presence of a KNO3 electrolyte.

关键词： Guar gum Dewatering kaolinite Light scattering Morphology Flocculation

Density functional theory investigation of carbon monoxide adsorption on the kaolinite(001) surface

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Chinese Physics B 2017年第7期26卷 495-500页

作者：赵健何满潮胡祥星高炜 State Key Laboratory for Geomechanics and Deep Underground Engineering China University of Mining and Technology

Carbon monoxide（CO） is a gaseous pollutant with adverse effects on human health and the environment. kaolinite is a natural mineral resource that can be used for different applications, including that it can also be used for retention of pollutant gases. The adsorption behavior of carbon monoxide molecules on the（001） surface of kaolinite was studied systematically by using density-functional theory and supercell models for a range coverage from 0.11 to 1.0 monolayers（ML）. The CO adsorbed on the three-fold hollow, two-fold bridge, and one-fold top sites of the kaolinite（001） was tilted with respect to the surface. The strongest adsorbed site of carbon monoxide on the kaolinite（001） surface is the hollow site followed by the bridge and top site. The adsorption energy of CO decreased when increasing the coverage, thus indicating the lower stability of surface adsorption due to the repulsion of neighboring CO molecules. In addition to the adsorption structures and energetics, the lattice relaxation, the electronic density of states, and the different charge distribution have been investigated for different surface coverages.

关键词： kaolinite adsorption carbon monoxide density functional theory

Artificial neural network approach to assess selective flocculation on hematite and kaolinite

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2014年第7期21卷 637-646页

作者： Lopamudra Panda P.K.Banerjee Surendra Kumar Biswal R.Venugopal N.R.Mandre R&D Tata Steel Limited Institute of Minerals and Materials Technology(Council of Scientific and Industrial Research) Department of Fuel & Minerals Engineering Indian School of Mines University

Because of the current depletion of high grade reserves, beneficiation of low grade ore, tailings produced and tailings stored in tailing ponds is needed to fulfill the market demand. Selective flocculation is one alternative process that could be used for the beneficiation of ultra-fine material. This process has not been extensively used commercially because of its complex dependency on process parameters. In this paper, a selective flocculation process, using synthetic mixtures of hematite and kaolinite in different ratios, was attempted, and the ad-sorption mechanism was investigated by Fourier transform infrared （FTIR） spectroscopy. A three-layer artificial neural network （ANN） model （4？4？3） was used to predict the separation performance of the process in terms of grade, Fe recovery, and separation efficiency. The model values were in good agreement with experimental values.

关键词： hematite kaolinite flocculation artificial neural networks back propagation algorithm Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy separation efficiency

Intercalated kaolinite as an emerging platform for cancer therapy

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Science China Chemistry 2019年第1期62卷 58-61页

作者： Yi Zhang Peng Huang Mei Long Song Liu Huaming Yang Shuwen Yuan Shi Chang Department of Inorganic Materials School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering Central South University Hunan Key Laboratory of Mineral Materials and Application Central South University Xiangya Hospital Central South University Institute of Chemical Biology and Nanomedicine College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Hunan University Department of Radiology The Second Xiangya Hospital Central South University

An innovative cancer therapy strategy regarding the interface engineering of kaolinite has been designed. The exposed silanol group facilitates more guest species with high dispersion on the supports. Mn_3O_4 magnetic nanoparticles are uniformly distributed on external surfaces of the Kaolin_(C12N)with the Al–O–Mn bond for the detection of the tumor microenvironment by T1-MRI; Doxorubicin(DOX) are loaded in the interlayer space with the electrostatic interaction for chemo-treating; and KI is coated on the outer layer of the nanocomposites based on the electrostatic interaction for thyroid cancer targeting. The synergetic effects and the treatment mechanism enhanced by the interface engineering, KI@DOX-Mn_3O_4-Kaolin_(C12N)can cause remarkably low cell viability(57%, 200 μg/mL), tumor shrinking(75%, 20 μg/kg), and accumulation into the tumor tissues. The novel kaolinite based drug delivery system is expected to incorporate imaging diagnosis, targeted therapy and drug delivery into one single system for postoperative residual thyroid cancer treatment and observation for metastasis of focal area.

关键词： kaolinite pillared drug delivery system thyroid cancer

Electrochemical remediation of copper contaminated kaolinite by conditioning anolyte and catholyte pH simultaneously

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2003年第3期15卷 396-400页

作者： ZHOUDong-mei ZORNRoman CzurdaKurt LMCP lnstituteofSoilScienceChineseAcademyofSciencesNanjing210008China.E-mail.dmzhou@*** DepartmentofAppliedGeology KarlsruheUniversityKarlsruheGermany

This report examined electrochemical remediation of copper contaminated kaolinite by controlling electrolytes′ pH for both of anolyte and catholyte simultaneously. Results showed that electrokinetic process and remediation efficiency varied obviously when different buffer systems, including citric acid (test 1), nitric acid + EDTA (test 2) and nitric acid (test 3), were used to control catholyte pH and Na_2CO_3 was used at the same time to control all anolyte one. It was found that under such pH condition soil′s pH in soil column kept at 3.0—7.0 successfully, and correspondingly no copper precipitation and decrease of soil electroconductivity appeared, which are usually observed in electrokinetic process due to OH - introduction into soil column by electrochemical reaction occurred in cathode. Electroosmosis flow rates were almost equal for these three tests, indicating that these buffers did not affect Zeta-potential of kaolinite within the examined duration. More acid and basic solution was added into electrokinetic cell when nitric acid was used as buffer than when nitric acid + EDTA and then citric acid were used. Due to introduction of large amounts of ions into soil column, significant higher current was observed for test 3 than other two. Analysis of copper speciation and total quantity in kaolinite indicated that 22.5%, 23.74% and 55.65% Cu were removed from kaolinite for test 1, test 2 and test 3 respectively after only 10 days′ electrokinetic remediation.

关键词： copper kaolinite pH control electrokinetic remediation

Study on Adsorption of Rare Earth Elements by kaolinite

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Journal of Rare Earths 2005年第3期23卷 377-381页

作者：万鹰昕刘丛强 State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry Institute of Geochemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Guiyang 550002 China Graduate School of Chinese Academic of Sciences Beijing 100039 China College of Arts and Sciences of Beijing Union University Beijing 100083 China

For better understanding the adsorption of rare earth elements (REEs) by clay minerals and its controlling factors, the experiments on adsorption of REEs in solutions with 1 g·L-1 kaolinite were performed at different conditions. The results are as follows: the REEs reach equilibrium in the adsorption-desorption process for 24; Langmuir′s adsorption curve is used for modeling the adsorption of REEs by kaolinite; a general trend is that the higher the contents of REEs are, the less obvious the fractionation is. Furthermore, there is significant effect of pH on the adsorption and fractionation of REEs by kaolinite, and the REEs distribution coefficient increases with increasing pH. When pH is nearly neutral, as reaches 7, heavy REEs are more adsorbed than light REEs.

关键词： pedology kaolinite adsorption distribution coefficient rare earths