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Thermal reliability analysis of the central detector of juno

Radiation Detection Technology and Methods 2019年第4期3卷 51-60页

作者： Xiaoyu Yang Yuekun Heng Xiaoyan Ma Wei He Huafeng Li Kaixi Huang Tao Song Jiajie Ling Zhi Wu Xiao Tang Xiaolan Luo Xiaohui Qian Yatian Pei Nan Li Fengjiao Luo Zhiyan Cai Mengzhao Li Institute of High Energy Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China State Key Laboratory of Particle Detection and Electronics Beijing 100049China University of Chinese Academy of Science Beijing 100049China Beijing Institute of Architectural Design Beijing 100045China China Academy of Building Research Beijing 100013China Sun Yat-Sen University Guangzhou 510275China

Introduction The Jiangmen Underground Neutrino Observatory(juno)is a multipurpose neutrino experiment designed to determine neutrino mass hierarchy,precisely measure oscillation parameters and study solar neutrinos,supernova neutrinos and geo-neutrinos,etc.The central detector(CD)of juno has 20,000 tons liquid scintillator as target mass,which contains inside a huge acrylic sphere with inner diameter of 35.4 m,supported by a stainless steel structure.The whole structure of CD will be installed inside a cylindrical water pool,and the acrylic sphere will be submerged in the center of water pool.The operating temperature of CD is designed to be 21℃ as long as over 20 years,which is determined by the mechanical requirement of the structure and physics consideration.Methods For this operating temperature,a special cooling system will be used to maintain the temperature inside the water pool.The main structure of CD is composed of acrylic and stainless steel,and they have much different thermal expansion coefficients,strengths and life times.Change in temperature may affect the safety of CD.As part of reliability analysis,the effect of cooling system failure on the CD is considered,and finite element method is used in our thermal calculation.In this article,the temperature fields before and after cooling system failure are calculated and analyzed,and the temperatures of different locations of water pool after cooling system failure are compared and discussed in detail.

关键词： Thermal analysis Finite element method Central detector juno

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Laser measurement system for acrylic transmittance of juno central detector

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Radiation Detection Technology and Methods 2021年第3期5卷 356-363页

作者： Zhaohan Li Xiaoyu Yang Yuekun Heng Xiaoyan Ma Xiaohui Qian Kaixi Huang Zhi Wu Wei He Meihang Xu Xiaolan Luo Yatian Pei Mengzhao Li Zhiyan Cai Wenlu Wei Yifang Wang Institute of High Energy Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China State Key Laboratory of Particle Detection and Electronics Beijing 100049China University of Chinese Academy of Science Beijing 100049China

Background During the research phase of acrylic panel for the Jiangmen Underground Neutrino Observatory(juno)central detector(CD),the darkroom transmittance measurement system(DTMS)was designed and built,and a massive amount of measurements were carried out to help determine the composition and processing techniques of the acrylic panel.Motivation The mass production of acrylic panels was started after the pilot production.The requirement of transmittance measurement put forward new demands on operation,and a new measurement system was considered to support removable and non-destructive measurement on site.Result After the accomplishment of design,development and verification were completed,the laser measurement system came into use in the acrylic workshop of Taixing Donchamp Acrylic Ltd,and the transmittance results of acrylic spherical panels met the requirement of juno.The optical design,tooling design,data processing interface and uncertainty analyses of the laser measurement system are discussed in detail,and the measured transmittance results are also introduced in this article.

关键词： Laser Non-destructive measurement Transmittance juno

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Ultrasonic positioning system for the calibration of central detector

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2019年第1期30卷 27-33页

作者： Guo-Lei Zhu Jiang-Lai Liu Qi Wang Meng-Jiao Xiao Tao Zhang School of Marine Science and Technology Northwestern Polytechnical University Shanghai Laboratory for Particle Physics and Cosmology INPAC and School of Physics and Astronomy Shanghai Jiao Tong University Department of Physics University of Maryland Center of High Energy Physics Peking University

A thorough detector response calibration using radioactive sources is necessary for the Jiangmen Underground Neutrino Observatory. Herein, we discuss the design of a source positioning system based on ultrasonic technology, aiming for a 3-cm precision over the entire35-m diameter detector sphere. A prototype system is constructed and demonstrated for the experiment.

关键词： juno Calibration Ultrasonic positioning

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juno sensitivity on proton decay p→νK^(+)searches

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Chinese Physics C 2023年第11期47卷 7-22页

作者： Angel Abusleme Thomas Adam Shakeel Ahmad Rizwan Ahmed Sebastiano Aiello Muhammad Akram 安丰鹏安琪 Giuseppe Andronico Nikolay Anfimov Vito Antonelli Tatiana Antoshkina Burin Asavapibhop João Pedro Athayde Marcondes de André Didier Auguste Nikita Balashov Wander Baldini Andrea Barresi Davide Basilico Eric Baussan Marco Bellato Antonio Bergnoli Thilo Birkenfeld Sylvie Blin David Blum Simon Blyth Anastasia Bolshakova Mathieu Bongrand Clément Bordereau Dominique Breton Augusto Brigatti Riccardo Brugnera Riccardo Bruno Antonio Budano Mario Buscemi Jose Busto Ilya Butorov Anatael Cabrera Barbara Caccianiga 蔡浩蔡啸蔡严克蔡志岩 Riccardo Callegari Antonio Cammi Agustin Campeny 曹传亚曹国富曹俊 Rossella Caruso Cédric Cerna 常劲帆 Yun Chang 陈平平 Po-An Chen 陈少敏陈旭荣 Yi-Wen Chen 陈义学陈羽陈长程捷程雅苹 Alexey Chetverikov Davide Chiesa Pietro Chimenti Artem Chukanov Gérard Claverie Catia Clementi Barbara Clerbaux Selma Conforti Di Lorenzo Daniele Corti Flavio Dal Corso Olivia Dalager Christophe De La Taille 邓智邓子艳 Wilfried Depnering Marco Diaz Xuefeng Ding 丁雅韵 Bayu Dirgantara Sergey Dmitrievsky Tadeas Dohnal Dmitry Dolzhikov Georgy Donchenko 董建蒙 Evgeny Doroshkevich Marcos Dracos Frédéric Druillole 杜然杜书先 Stefano Dusini Martin Dvorak Timo Enqvist Heike Enzmann Andrea Fabbri Ulrike Fahrendholz 范东华樊磊方建方文兴 Marco Fargetta Dmitry Fedoseev Li-Cheng Feng 冯启春 Richard Ford Amélie Fournier 甘浩男 Feng Gao Alberto Garfagnini Arsenii Gavrikov Marco Giammarchi Agnese Giaz Nunzio Giudice Maxim Gonchar 龚光华宫辉 Yuri Gornushkin Alexandre Göttel Marco Grassi Christian Grewing Vasily Gromov 顾旻皓谷肖飞古宇关梦云 Nunzio Guardone Maria Gul 郭聪郭竞渊郭万磊郭新恒郭宇航 Paul Hackspacher Caren Hagner 韩然 Yang Han Muhammad Sohaib Hassan 何苗何伟 Tobias Heinz Patrick Hellmuth 衡月昆 Rafael Herrera 贺远强侯少静 Yee Hsiung Bei-Zhen Hu 胡航胡健润胡俊胡守扬胡涛胡宇翔胡焯钧黄春豪黄桂鸿黄翰雄黄文昊黄鑫黄性涛黄永波惠加琪霍雷霍文驹 Cédric Huss Safeer Hussain Ara Ioannisian Roberto Isocrate Beatrice Jelmini Kuo-Lun Jen Ignacio Jeria 季筱璐吉星曌贾慧慧贾俊基蹇司玉蒋荻蒋炜江晓山金如意荆小平 Cécile Jollet Jari Joutsenvaara Sirichok Jungthawan Leonidas Kalousis Philipp Ka Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile SantiagoChile IPHC Universitéde StrasbourgCNRS/IN2P3F-67037 StrasbourgFrance Pakistan Institute of Nuclear Science and Technology IslamabadPakistan INFN Catania and Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia dell Universitàdi Catania CataniaItaly East China University of Science and Technology ShanghaiChina University of Science and Technology of China HefeiChina Joint Institute for Nuclear Research DubnaRussia INFN Sezione di Milano and Dipartimento di Fisica dell Universitàdi Milano MilanoItaly Department of Physics Faculty of ScienceChulalongkorn UniversityBangkokThailand IJCLab UniversitéParis-SaclayCNRS/IN2P391405 OrsayFrance Department of Physics and Earth Science University of Ferrara and INFN Sezione di FerraraFerraraItaly INFN Milano Bicocca and University of Milano Bicocca MilanoItaly INFN Sezione di Padova PadovaItaly III.Physikalisches Institut B RWTH Aachen UniversityAachenGermany Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen Physikalisches InstitutTübingenGermany Institute of High Energy Physics BeijingChina SUBATECH Universitéde NantesIMT AtlantiqueCNRS-IN2P3NantesFrance Univ.Bordeaux CNRSLP2IUMR 5797F-33170 GradignanFrance Department of Physics National Taiwan UniversityTaipei Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia dell’Universitàdi Padova and INFN Sezione di Padova PadovaItaly University of Roma Tre and INFN Sezione Roma Tre RomaItaly Aix Marseille Univ CNRS/IN2P3CPPMMarseilleFrance Wuhan University WuhanChina INFN Milano Bicocca and Politecnico of Milano MilanoItaly National United University Miao-Li Dongguan University of Technology DongguanChina Tsinghua University BeijingChina Institute of Modern Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesLanzhouChina Institute of Physics National Yang Ming Chiao Tung UniversityHsinchu North China Electric Power University BeijingChina Sun Yat-Sen University GuangzhouChina Beijing Institute of Spacecraft Environment Engineering BeijingChina Universidade Estadual de Londrina LondrinaBrazil INFN Sez

The Jiangmen Underground Neutrino Observatory(juno)is a large liquid scintillator detector designed to explore many topics in fundamental physics.In this study,the potential of searching for proton decay in the p→νK^(+)mode with juno is investigated.The kaon and its decay particles feature a clear three-fold coincidence signature that results in a high efficiency for identification.Moreover,the excellent energy resolution of juno permits suppression of the sizable background caused by other delayed signals.Based on these advantages,the detection efficiency for the proton decay via p→νK^(+)is 36.9%±4.9%with a background level of 0.2±0.05(syst)±0.2(stat)events after 10 years of data collection.The estimated sensitivity based on 200 kton-years of exposure is 9.6×1033 years,which is competitive with the current best limits on the proton lifetime in this channel and complements the use of different detection technologies.

关键词： proton decay grand unified theories juno liquid scintillator detector

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Preliminary study of light yield dependence on LAB liquid scintillator composition

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Chinese Physics C 2015年第9期39卷 79-82页

作者：叶星辰俞伯祥周详赵力丁雅韵刘梦超丁雪峰张烜揭泉林周莉方建陈海涛胡维牛顺利颜嘉庆赵航洪道金 Hubei Nuclear Solid Physics Key Laboratory Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro-and Nano-structures of Ministry of Education and School of Physics and Technology Wuhan University State Key Laboratory of Particle Detection and Electronics Institute of High Energy Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Nuclear and Radiation Safety Center

Liquid scintillator （LS） will be adopted as the detector material in juno （Jiangmen Underground Neutrino Observatory）. The energy resolution requirement of juno is 3%, which has never previously been reached. To achieve this energy resolution, the light yield of liquid scintillator is an important factor. PPO （the fluor） and bis-MSB （the wavelength shifter） are the two main materials dissolved in LAB. To study the influence of these two materials on the transmission of scintillation photons in LS, 25 and 12 cm-long quartz vessels were used in a light yield experiment. LS samples with different concentration of PPO and bis-MSB were tested. At these lengths, the light yield growth is not obvious when the concentration of PPO is higher than 4 g/L. The influence from bis-MSB becomes insignificant when its concentration is higher than 8 mg/L. This result could provide some useful suggestions for the juno LS.

关键词： liquid scintillator juno PPO bis-MSB LAB

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The design of the small prototype for the central detector of juno

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Radiation Detection Technology and Methods 2018年第2期2卷 114-120页

作者： Xiaoyu Yang Yuekun Heng Huafeng Li Xiaoyan Ma Wei He Xiaohui Qian Tao Song Kaixi Huang Yatian Pei Zhi Wu Jiajie Ling Lei Yang Yi Li Xiaolan Luo Shuai Wu Wuying Song Xiaoping Jing Nan Li Institute of High Energy Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China State Key Laboratory of Particle Detection and Electronics Beijing 100049China University of Chinese Academy of Science Beijing 100049China Beijing Institute of Architectural Design Beijing 100045China China Academy of Building Research Beijing 100013China Sun Yat-Sen University Guangzhou 510275China Dongguan University of Technology Dongguan 523808China

Background The Jiangmen Underground Neutrino Observatory(juno)is a multipurpose neutrino experiment designed to determine neutrino mass hierarchy,precisely measure oscillation parameters and study solar neutrinos,supernova neutrinos and geo-neutrinos.The juno Central Detector 20 kton liquid scintillator target mass is contained by a huge acrylic sphere with a 35.4 m inner diameter,supported by a stainless steel structure,and the sphere is eventually submerged in pure water.Motivation Before the juno Central Detector is built,a small prototype has been designed and static loading experiments will be carried out to verify the consistency of the finite-element calculations and static loading experiments and test the subsystems performances,such as the monitoring system and liquid scintillator filling system.Methods The small prototype is composed of an acrylic sphere with a 3 m inner diameter and an aluminum alloy support structure.In this article,the structure of the small prototype is briefly described.A detailed simulation study using finite element analysis is conducted to account for liquid-filled condition,temperature variation and existence of high load(due to vacuum pumping)and demonstrate a satisfying mechanical performance of the small prototype.The experimental plan about the prototype on the basis of the simulation will also be mentioned.

关键词： Structure design Finite element analysis Prototype Central detector juno

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Physics potential of searching for 0νββ decays in juno

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Chinese Physics C 2017年第5期41卷 6-15页

作者：赵洁温良剑王贻芳曹俊 Institute of High Energy Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China State Key Laboratory of Particle Detection and Electronics (Institute of High Energy Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences and University of Science and Technology of China

In the past few decades,numerous searches have been made for the neutrinoless double-beta decay（0νββ） process,aiming to establish whether neutrinos are their own antiparticles（Majorana neutrinos）,but no 0νββdecay signal has yet been observed.A number of new experiments are proposed but they ultimately suffer from a common problem： the sensitivity may not increase indefinitely with the target mass.We have performed a detailed analysis of the physics potential by using the Jiangmen Underground Neutrino Observatory（juno） to improve the sensitivity to 0νββ up to a few me V,a major step forward with respect to the experiments currently being planned.juno is a 20 kton low-background liquid scintillator（LS） detector with 3%/（E（MeV））1/2 energy resolution,now under construction.It is feasible to build a balloon filled with enriched xenon gas（with136Xe up to 80%） dissolved in LS,inserted into the central region of the juno LS.The energy resolution is 1.9% at the Q-value of 136Xe 0νββ decay.Ultra-low background is the key for 0νββ decay searches.Detailed studies of background rates from intrinsic 2νββ and 8B solar neutrinos,natural radioactivity,and cosmogenic radionuclides（including light isotopes and 137Xe） were performed and several muon veto schemes were developed.We find that juno has the potential to reach a sensitivity（at 90% C.L.） to T1/20νββof 1.8×1028yr（5.6×1027yr） with 50 tons（5 tons） of fiducial136 Xe and 5 years exposure,while in the 50-ton case the corresponding sensitivity to the effective neutrino mass,mββ,could reach（5–12） meV,covering completely the allowed region of inverted neutrino mass ordering.

关键词： double beta decay liquid scintillator juno

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Research on the measurement of connecting bars'axial force of juno central detector

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Radiation Detection Technology and Methods 2020年第3期4卷 362-371页

作者： Xiaoyu Yang Lei Yang Wei He Yatian Pei Yuekun Heng Xiaoyan Ma Huafeng Li Kaixi Huang Caishen Wang Yi Li Xiaohui Qian Zhi Wu Institute of High Energy Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China State Key Laboratory of Particle Detection and Electronics Beijing 100049China University of Chinese Academy of Science Beijing 100049China Dongguan University of Technology Dongguan 523808China Beijing Institute of Architectural Design Beijing 100045China

Background The Jiangmen Underground Neutrino Observatory(juno)is a multipurpose neutrino experiment designed to determine neutrino mass hierarchy and precisely measure oscillation parameters and study the solar neutrino,supernova neutrino,geo-neutrino,etc.juno's central detector(CD)has 20 kilo-ton liquid scintillator as target mass,which is contained by a huge acrylic sphere with the inner diameter of 35.4 m,and the acrylic sphere is supported by a stainless steel structure through 590 connecting bars.Motivation Part of the connecting bars bear pull force and the other bars bear push force.There is a direct relationship between the stress of connecting bars and that of acrylic sphere.For the installation process of the CD,the pretightening force and axial force of the connecting bars should be monitored with accuracy,and for the filling process and running condition,the precise measurement of axial force can indicate the safety of structure of the CD.Methods Statistical method was used to evaluate the performance of measurement schemes,and 4-fiber Bragg grating measurement scheme was determined to be the final scheme,which can get the measurement uncertainty better than 0.7 kN.Performance of different measurement schemes are discussed in detail,and some related finite element analysis and evalu-ation method are also introduced in this paper.

关键词： Axial force measuring Mechanical sensor FEA Central detector juno

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Structure design and compression experiment of the supporting node for juno PMMA detector

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Radiation Detection Technology and Methods 2020年第3期4卷 345-355页

作者： Xiaohui Qian Xiaoyan Ma Yuekun Heng Wei He Zhonghua Qin Yuesheng Tang Jianxia Xiao Gaofeng Zhang Wei Cheng Lei Li Jian Tang Tao Chen Chang Liu Zian Zhu Shaojing Hou Yatian Pei Xiaoyu Yang Institute of High Energy Physics Chinese Academy of ScienceBeijing 100049China State Key Laboratory of Particle Detection and Electronics Beijing 100049China University of Chinese Academy of Science Beijing 100049China Jiangsu Domchamp New Material Technology Co. LtdTaixing City 225400China Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou City 510080China China Academy of Building Research Beijing 100013China

Introduction Jiangmen Underground Neutrino Observation is going to build a huge polymethyl methacrylate(PMMA)detector to hold 20,000 tons of liquid scintillator to capture neutrinos in a 700-m underground cave.This PMMA detector has a spherical shape with an inner diameter of 35.4 m and is supported by an outside stainless steel structure through 590 supporting nodes.The maximum compression force applied to these supporting nodes would be about 150 kN when the detector is running.Method This paper focuses on the design and validation of the PMMA supporting node and compares the effects of two gaskets(round gasket and ring gasket)on the supporting node stress and ultimate compression load.An innovative PMMA supporting node structure is first proposed,and a 1/4 symmetric model with the material nonlinearity and frictional contact boundary is established in the finite element analysis(FEA).Results The FEA results show that the principal stress of the structure is less than 3.5 MPa and the Mises stress is less than 5.5 MPa.The stress and deformation at the groove of the supporting node using the ring gasket are smaller than that using the round gasket.The compression experiments of the supporting node using two types of gaskets were conducted to study the effect of gaskets on the ultimate compression load of supporting node.The ultimate compression load of the supporting node with ring gasket is larger than 900 kN,which is six times of design load.In a comparison of experimental results with FEA,the maximum difference is 15.78%,demonstrating the validity of FEA results.Through the material test of PMMA and experiment of the PMMA supporting node,it is known that PMMA is a brittle material and it is very sensitive to sharp corner defects that should be avoided in the design of PMMA structure.

关键词： juno PMMA detector PMMA supporting node Compression experiment Brittle material

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Muon tracking with the fastest light in the juno central detector

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Radiation Detection Technology and Methods 2018年第1期2卷 87-92页

作者： Kun Zhang Miao He Weidong Li Jilei Xu Institute of High Energy Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

Background:The Jiangmen Underground Neutrino Observatory(juno)is a multi-purpose neutrino experiment designed to measure the neutrino mass hierarchy using a central detector(CD),which contains 20 kton liquid scintillator(LS)surrounded by about 18,000 photomultiplier tubes(PMTs),located 700 m underground.Purpose:The rate of cosmic muons reaching the juno detector is about 3 Hz,and the muon-induced neutrons and isotopes are major backgrounds for the neutrino detection.Reconstruction of the muon trajectory in the detector is crucial for the study and rejection of those backgrounds.Methods:This paper will introduce the muon-tracking algorithm in the juno CD,with a least-squares method of PMTs’first-hit time(FHT).Correction of the FHT for each PMT was found to be important to reduce the reconstruction bias.Results:The spatial resolution and angular resolution are better than 3 cm and 0.4 degree,respectively,and the tracking efficiency is greater than 90%up to 16 m far from the detector center.

关键词： juno Central detector Muon tracking First hit time Least squares method

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