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Deltamethrin:Promising mosquito control agent against adult stage of Aedes aegypti L.

Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2011年第6期4卷 430-435页

作者： Sarita Kumar Anita Thomas Pillai MKK Department of Zoology Acharya Narendra Dev College(University of Delhi)New Delhi-110019India

Objective:To evaluate the effects of deltamethrin against field-collected adults of Aedes aegypti L(***).Methods:The adults were selected with 0.025%deltamethrin for 40 successive *** selected adults were tested with 4%DDT and the emerging larvae were tested with various insecticides to study the cross-resistance *** knockdown and irritability studies were carried out in adult mosquitoes to investigate their behavioural response to ***:Forty generations of selection with deltamethrin resulted in only 3.8-fold resistance in the adults of *** adults of parent(PS) and selected strains (DAS) exhibited only 0.8-fold cross resistance to 4%*** larvae emerging from the PS and DAS strains did not develop appreciable levels of resistance to various insecticides *** knockdown studies revealed KTSO of 14.4 min in PS adults with no signs of recovery even after 24 h. The DAS strains could develop only 1.2 to 1.3-fold knockdown resistance(KDR).The knockdown response of DDT was though 5-6 times slower than deltamethrin but the continued response in deltamethrin-selected adults caused only 1.2-fold *** PS and DAS strains exhibited significant irritability response towards deltamethrin and *** DAS strains showed 5-6 fold increased irritability to deltamethrin as compared to the PS ***:The above results suggest the prolonged effective use of deltamethrin against *** as an adulticide.

关键词： Deltamethrin Knockdown irritability Resistance Cross-resistance

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Risk for emerging bipolar disorder, variants, and symptoms in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, now grown up

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World Journal of Psychiatry 2015年第4期5卷 412-424页

作者： Ahmed Z Elmaadawi Peter S Jensen L Eugene Arnold Brooke SG Molina Lily Hechtman Howard B Abikoff Stephen P Hinshaw Jeffrey H Newcorn Laurence Lee Greenhill James M Swanson Cathryn A Galanter Department of Psychiatry Indiana University School of Medicine-South Bend Campus REACH Institute Department of Psychiatry Ohio State University Department of Psychiatry University of Pittsburgh Department of Psychiatry and Pediatrics McGill University Health Center Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry The Child Study Center at NYU Langone Medical Center Department of Psychology University of California Department of Psychiatry and Pediatrics Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai Department of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychiatry New York Psychiatric Institute Department of Pediatrics and Epidemiology Child Development Center University of California Department of Psychiatry State University of New York Downstate Medical Center and Kings County Hospital Center

AIM: To determine the prevalence of bipolar disorder(BD) and sub-threshold symptoms in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder(ADHD) through 14 years' follow-up, when participants were between 21-24 years ***: First, we examined rates of BD type Ⅰ?and Ⅱ diagnoses in youth participating in the NIMH-funded Multimodal Treatment Study of ADHD(MTA). We used the diagnostic interview schedule for children(DISC), administered to both parents(DISC-P) and youth(DISCY). We compared the MTA study subjects with ADHD(n = 579) to a local normative comparison group(LNCG, n = 289) at 4 different assessment points: 6, 8, 12, and 14 years of follow-ups. To evaluate the bipolar variants, we compared total symptom counts(TSC) of DSM manic and hypomanic symptoms that were generated by DISC in ADHD and LNCG subjects. Then we sub-divided the TSC into pathognomonic manic(PM) and non-specific manic(NSM) symptoms. We compared the PM and NSM in ADHD and LNCG at each assessment point and over time. We also evaluated the irritability as category A2 manic symptom in both groups and over time. Finally, we studied the irritability symptom in correlation with PM and NSM in ADHD and LNCG ***: DISC-generated BD diagnosis did not differ significantly in rates between ADHD(1.89%) and LNCG 1.38%). Interestingly, no participant met BD diagnosis more than once in the 4 assessment points in 14 years. However, on the symptom level, ADHD subjects reported significantly higher mean TSC scores: ADHD 3.0; LNCG 1.7; P irritability(BD DSM criterion-A2) rates were significa

关键词： Multimodal treatment study of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder irritability Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder Diagnostic interview schedule for children Bipolar disorder

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