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ionospheric Investigations Conducted by Chinese Mainland Scientists in 2020-2021

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空间科学学报 2022年第4期42卷 653-683页

作者： LIU Libo LEI Jiuhou LIU Jing Key Laboratory of Earth and Planetary Physics Institute of Geology and GeophysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029 Heilongjiang Mohe National Observatory of Geophysics Institute of Geology and GeophysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029 College of Earth and Planetary Sciences University of the Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049 Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Geospace Environment School of Earth and Space SciencesUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230022 School of Space Science and Physics Shandong Key Laboratory of Optical Astronomy and Solar-Terrestrial EnvironmentInstitute of Space SciencesShandong UniversityWeihai 264209

In this report,we outline works done by scientists from the Mainland of China on various ionospheric topics after the release of the National Report of China in 2020 on ionospheric researchto the Committee on Space Research(COSPAR).More than 170 papers were published in *** current report covers the following topics:ionospheric space weather,ionospheric structures and climatology,ionospheric dynamics and couplings,ionospheric irregularity and scintillation,modeling and data assimilation,and ionosphere and sounding *** ionospheres are included for the first time.

关键词： ionospheric Space weather Planetary ionospheres

The possibility of using all-sky meteor radar to observe ionospheric E-region field-aligned irregularities

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2019年第8期62卷 1431-1437页

作者： XIE HaiYong LI GuoZhu NING BaiQi REID Iain HU LianHuan WU BaoYuan YU You YANG SiPeng Key Laboratory of Earth and Planetary Physics Institute of Geology and Geophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100029 China Beijing National Observatory' of Space Environment Institute of Geology and Geophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100029 China College of Earth and Planetary Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Science Beijing 100029 China ATmospheric RAD ar (ATRAD) Pty Ltd Thebarton 5031 Australia School of Physical Sciences University of Adelaide Adelaide 5005 Australia

All-sky meteor radars are primarily used for meteor observations. This paper reports the first observations of ionospheric Eregion field-aligned irregularities(FAIs) from a conventional all-sky meteor radar located at Wuhan(31°N, 114°E) for the period of March–June 2018. E-region FAI echoes evident in range-time intensity(RTI) maps show quasiperiodic striations with positive and negative slopes, which are consistent with multiple FAI structures moving across the wide beam of the meteor radar. A statistical analysis shows that out of a total of 111 d, there are 73 d with E-region FAI echoes detected by the meteor radar. The FAI events correspond well with the presence of sporadic-E layers which provide the necessary plasma density gradient for the development of gradient drift instability producing FAIs. The results demonstrate the capability of conventional meteor radars to make simultaneous routine observations of meteors and ionospheric E-region FAIs through incorporating RTI and spectral analysis into the online realtime data processing. Meteor radar observations could potentially address the limitations of ionospheric radars, which cannot provide simultaneous measurements of neutral winds and irregularity structures, and thereby contribute to better understanding of the dynamical processes producing E-region irregularities.

关键词： meteor radar ionospheric irregularities sporadic E layer

ionospheric Weather and Climate—— A Review on Chinese Works From 2004 to 2006

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空间科学学报 2006年第z1期26卷 112-121页

作者： WAN Weixing XIAO Zuo Institute of Geology and Geophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100029 China School of Earth and Space Science Peking University

This paper reviews the recent studies on the ionospheric weather and climate. As a national report prepared for COSPAR, the works concerned here are limited to those made by Chinese scientists during 2004-2006. The main contents include the sudden ionospheric disturbances, the ionospheric storms, the traveling ionospheric disturbances, ionospheric variability, the annual and semiannual ionospheric variations, the solar cycle ionospheric variations, and the long term ionospheric changes.

关键词： ionospheric weather and climate

Tomographic imagine of ionospheric structures and disturbances in the region of East-Asian equatorial anomaly

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2000年第4期43卷 395-404页

作者：徐继生吴雄斌马淑英田茂俞胜兵 K.C.Yeh J.S.Franke W.H.Tsaoi K.H.Lin Department of Space Physics Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430072China Department of ECE University of Illinois at Urbana-ChampaignIL 61801USA Institute of Space Science Central UniversityChungliTaiwanChina Department of Electrical Engineering Sun Yat-Sen UniversityKaohsiungTaiwanChina Correspondence Should be addressed to Xu Jishen

Experiments of ionospheric tomography at low latitudes along 120°E meridian and some findings from analyses of such experimental data are presented. An improved reconstruction algorithm of computerized ionospheric tomography is proposed. In this algorithm, both differential Doppler phase and differential Doppler frequency data are jointly used and the integral phase constants are determined in the reconstruction process. Our findings indicate that the reconstructed ionospheric equatorial anomaly crests usually show a tilt in rough alignment with the local geomagnetic field, coinciding with the feature predicted by the fountain mechanism. The crest locations are found to move daily in response to changes in equatorial electrodynamics. When the crest moves from one day to the next day, the tilting angle changes so as to be still aligned with the local magnetic field. It is statistically found that an equator-ward motion of the crests is accompanied with a latitudinal broadening of the crest region. The reconstructed images also indicate that the crest location determined by the maximum electron density often does not coincide with that determined by the vertical total electron content. Besides, a deep depletion of ionospheric electron density appeared just 20 minutes after sudden commencement of a moderate magnetic storm at geomagnetic latitudes around 10°N where equatorial anomaly crests usually sit. The depleted hole extends over both the bottom and top F-region, with a steep wall on its equatorial side. The present study demonstrates that ionospheric tomographic technology is very useful and effective to the investigation of the equatorial and low-latitude ionospheric structures and dynamics.

关键词： ionosphere tomography equatorial anomaly ionospheric storm differential Doppler.

Distribution of ionospheric O^+ ion in synchronous altitude region

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Science China Earth Sciences 2003年第10期46卷 986-993页

作者：史建魁刘振兴 ZHANGT.L. 郭兼善张满莲尚社平罗熙贵 Center for Space Science and Applied Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100080 China Space Research Institute Austrian Academy of Sciences GrazA-8042 Austria

Based on satellite observation data, using dynamics equation, the ionospheric O+ ions distribution in the synchronous altitude region for different geomagnetic activity index Kp is studied by theoretical modeling and numerical analyzing, and semi-empirical models for the O+ ions den-sity and flux versus longitude in the synchronous altitude region for different Kp are given. The main results show that in the synchronous altitude region: (i) The O+ ions density and flux in day-side are larger than those in nightside. (ii) With longitude changing, the higher the geomagnetic activity index Kp is, the higher the O+ ions density and flux, and their variation amplitude will be. The O+ ions density and flux when Kp ≥ 6 will be about ten times as great as that when Kp = 0. (iii) When Kp = 0 or Kp ≥ 6, the O+ ions density reaches maximum at longitudes 120°and 240°respectively, and minimum in the magnetotail. When Kp = 3—5, the O+ ions density gets to maxi-mum at longitude 0°, and minimum in the magnetotail. However, the O+ ions flux reaches maxi-mum at longitude 120°and 240°respectively, and minimum in the magnetotail for any Kp value.

关键词： ionospheric O+ion, synchronous altitude, longitude, distribution features.

A theoretical model for ionospheric electric fields at mid-and low-latitudes

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2003年第1期46卷 23-32页

作者：余涛万卫星刘立波 Wuhan ionospheric Observatory Wuhan Institute of Physics and MathematicsChinese Academy of SciencesWuhan 430071China

A theoretical model for ionospheric electric fields at mid- and low-latitudes is developed. In the geomagnetic dipolar coordinate system, we deduce a partial differential equation of electric potential from the ionospheric dynamo theory. The deduced equation is taken as the fundamental equation for the present model. The principal parameters for the model input, the thermospheric neutral winds, the densities and temperatures of electrons, ions and neutral atoms and molecules, are obtained from the empirical models HWM93, IRI90 and MSISE90, respectively. In terms of the relaxation iteration method, the partial equations for electric potential are solved successfully, and then, the ionospheric electric potential, fields, and currents are derived. Our model can reproduce the main features of the ionospheric electrodynamical processes such as the equatorial electric jet (EEJ), so it will be a useful tool for studying the upper atmosphere and ionosphere.

关键词： ionospheric dynamo, ionospheric electric fields, theoretical model, simulation.

Measurement of ionospheric large-scale irregularity

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 1996年第5期39卷 511-525页

作者：韩文焌郑怡嘉张喜镇 Beijing Astronomical Observatory Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100080China

Based on the observations of a meter-wave aperture synthesis radio telescope,as the scale length of ionospheric irregularity is greatly larger than the baseline length of interferometer,the phase error induced by the output signal of interferometer due to ionosphere is proportional to the baseline length and accordingly the expressions for extracting the information about ionosphere are *** using the ray theory and considering that the antenna is always tracking to the radio source in astronomical observation,the wave motion expression of traveling ionospheric disturbance observed in the total electron content is also derived,which is consistent with that obtained from the conception of thin-phase screen;then the Doppler velocity due to antenna tracking is *** the inversion analysis for the horizontal phase velocity of TID from observed data is given.

关键词： ionospheric irregularity TID radio astronomy.

Global ionospheric TEC response to a strong magnetic storm

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2008年第10期51卷 1786-1802页

作者： XU Liang CHENG GuangHui XU JiSheng LIU YongMin School of Electronic Information Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430079China

The global characteristics of the ionospheric storm and irregularities as well as propagation of TEC (total electron content) disturbances during the strong mag-netic storm occurring in November 2004 were investigated by using the data of the IGS network. For the response of the global ionospheric TEC to this strong mag-netic storm, the following features are noticeable: 1) the maximum of the iono-spheric storm phase occurred around the main phase maximum of the magnetic storm; 2) the TEC response in equatorial and low latitudes was more remarkable than that in mid-high latitudes; 3) as a whole, the storm phase in the northern hemisphere was mainly positive, and it was negative in the southern hemisphere; 4) during the whole magnetic storm from November 7 to 11, the locations where the maxima of the positive and negative ionospheric storm phases occurred were nearly invariant to the Sun at low and equatorial latitudes, i.e. the 24-h recurrence. Analyzing results of TEC rate and its standard deviation showed that the iono-spheric irregularities and disturbances in the global mainly occurred around the main phase maximum of the storm, and they distributed in a large longitudinal re-gion for both day and night in mid-high latitudes and they generated and developed only after the sunset, and lasted out to the midnight in equatorial and low latitudes. The disturbance propagation parameters were also estimated by using the wavelet reconstruction and cross-correlation technologies for a set of spaced stations in the Northern America.

关键词： ionosphere magnetic storm ionospheric storm irregularity IGS network TEC

Correlative study on the energy of interplanetary shock waves and the ionospheric storms

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Chinese Science Bulletin 1996年第19期41卷 1655-1658页

作者：王劲松魏奉思 Department of Geophysics Pcking UniversityBeijing 100871China Laboratory of Numerical Study of Heliospheric Physics Center for Space Sciences and Applied Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100080 China

The ionosphere can be disturbed by the external energy sources. For example, there are ionospheric storms （ISs） which follow the interplanetary shock waves （ISWs） sweeping over the earth. It is not known what connection exists between parameters of ISs and ISWs because of the complexity in the coupling chain from interplanetary space to ionosphere. In order to probe the unknown connection, the correlative study is carried out in this note by using the data of ISWs obtained by space vehicles near the earth’s orbit and the materials about the ionospheric f0F2 in Manzhouli during 1966—1976.

关键词： interplanetary shock wave ionospheric storm correlation.