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Aqueous-phase formation of N-containing secondary organic compounds affected by the ionic strength

Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第4期138卷 88-101页

作者： Yuqi Gan Xiaohui Lu Shaodong Chen Xinghua Jiang Shanye Yang Xiewen Ma Mei Li Fan Yang Yewen Shi Xiaofei Wang Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention Department of Environmental Science and EngineeringFudan UniversityShanghai 200433China Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security Shanghai 200092China Guangdong Provincial Observation and Research Station for Coastal Atmosphere and Climate of the Great Bay Area Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055China Institute of Mass Spectrometry and Atmospheric Environment Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for On-line Source Apportionment System of Air PollutionJinan UniversityGuangzhouChina Environmental Monitoring Station of Pudong New District Shanghai 201200China Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control&Prevention Shanghai 200336China

The reaction of carbonyl-to-imine/hemiaminal conversion in the atmospheric aqueous phase is a critical pathway to produce the light-absorbing N-containing secondary organic compounds(SOC).The formation mechanism of these compounds has been wildly investigated in bulk solutions with a low ionic ***,the ionic strength in the aqueous phase of the polluted atmosphere may be *** is still unclear whether and to what extent the inorganic ions can affect the SOC *** we prepared the bulk solution with certain ionic strength,in which glyoxal and ammonium were mixed to mimic the aqueous-phase *** characterization by High-resolution Mass Spectrometry was performed to identify the N-containing products,and the light absorption of the mixtures was measured by ultraviolet-visible ***-nine N-containing compounds were identified and divided into four categories(N-heterocyclic chromophores,high-molecular-weight compounds with N-heterocycle,aliphatic imines/hemiaminals,and the unclassified).It was observed that the longer reaction time and higher ionic strength led to the formation of more N-heterocyclic chromophores and the increasing of the lightabsorbance of the *** added inorganic ions were proposed to make the aqueous phase somewhat viscous so that the molecules were prone to undergo consecutive and intramolecular reactions to form the *** general,this study revealed that the enhanced ionic strength and prolonged reaction time had the promotion effect on the lightabsorbing SOC *** implies that the aldehyde-derived aqueous-phase SOC would contribute more light-absorbing particulate matter in the industrial or populated area where inorganic ions are abundant.

关键词： ionic strength Carbonyl-to-imine/hemiaminal Heterocyclic Brown carbon Mass spectrometry Aqueous-phase reaction

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Effect of ionic strength on adsorption of As(Ⅲ) and As(V) on variable charge soils

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2009年第7期21卷 927-932页

作者： XU Renkou WANG Yong TIWARI Diwakar WANG Houyan State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture Institute of Soil Science Chinese Academy of Sciences Nanfing 210008 China Department of Chemistry Mizoram University Tanhril Campus Aizawl 796009 India Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beifing 100049 China

The study was to investigate the adsorption behavior of arsenite （As（HI）） and arsenate （As（V）） on two variable charge soils, i.e., Haplic Acrisol and Rhodic Ferralsol at different ionic strengths and pH with batch methods. Results indicated that the amount of As（HI） adsorbed by these two soils increased with increasing solution pH, whereas it decreased with increasing ionic strength under the acidic condition. This suggested that As（Ⅲ） was mainly adsorbed on soil positive charge sites through electrostatic attraction under the acidic condition. Moreover, intersects of As（Ⅴ） adsorption-pH curves at different ionic strengths （a characteristic pH） are obtained for both soils. It was noted that above this pH, the adsorption of As（Ⅴ） was increased with increasing ionic strength, whereas below it the reverse trend was true. Precisely the intersect pH was 3.6 for Haplic Acrisol and 4.5 for Rhodic Ferralsol, which was near the values of PZSE （soil point of zero salt effect） of these soils. The effects of ionic strength and pH on arsenate adsorption by these soils were interpreted by the adsorption model. The results of zeta potential suggested that the potential in adsorption plane becomes less negative with increasing ionic strength above soil PZSE and decreases with increasing ionic strength below soil PZSE. These results further supported the hypothesis of the adsorption model that the potential in the adsorption plane changes with ionic strength with an opposite trend to surface charge of the soils. Therefore, the change of the potential in the adsorption plane was mainly responsible for the change of arsenate adsorption induced by ionic strength on variable charge soils.

关键词： arsenic adsorption ionic strength Haplic Acrisol Rhodic Ferralsol zeta potential

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Effect of saline water ionic strength on phosphorus recovery from synthetic swine wastewater

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2022年第3期34卷 81-91页

作者： Zhipeng Zhang Bing Li Filicia Wicaksana Wei Yu Brent Young Department of Chemical&Materials Engineering University of AucklandAuckland 1010New Zealand

Declining worldwide phosphate rock reserves has driven a growing interest in exploration of alternative phosphate supplies. This study involved phosphorus recovery from swine wastewater through precipitation of struvite, a valuable slow-release fertiliser. The economic feasibility of this process is highly dependent on the cost of magnesium source. Two different magnesium sources were used for phosphorus recovery: pure magnesium chloride and nanofiltration(NF) saline water retentate. The paper focuses on the impact of ionic strength on phosphorus recovery performance that has not been reported elsewhere. Experimental design with five numerical variables(Mg/P molar ratio, pH, PO_(4)^(3-)-P, NH_(4)^(+)-N, and Ca^(2+) levels) and one categorical variable(type of magnesium source) was used to evaluate the effect of ionic strength on phosphorus removal and struvite purity. The experimental data were analysed using analysis of variance(ANOVA) and principal component analysis(PCA). Results indicated that a magnesium source obtained from NF retentate was as effective as MgCl_(2) for struvite precipitation. It was also revealed that ionic strength had a more positive effect on struvite purity than on phosphorus removal. Within the range of parameters studied in this research, high ionic strength, high p H and wastewater with high phosphate, high ammonium and low calcium contents were found to be the most favourable conditions for struvite precipitation. Findings from this study will be beneficial to determine the feasibility of using high ionic strength saline water, such as NF seawater retentate, as a magnesium source for phosphorus recovery from wastewater that is rich in ammoniumnitrogen and phosphate.

关键词： Phosphorus recovery Struvite ionic strength Wastewater Nanofiltration retentate

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Preparation of Fe3O4-octadecyltrichlorosilane for Removal of Methyl Orange and Methylene Blue:Influence of p H and ionic strength on Competitive Adsorption

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Journal of Wuhan University of Technology(Materials Science) 2017年第6期32卷 1413-1419页

作者：胡耀强 QUAN Chaoming GUO Min 叶秀深吴志坚 Key Laboratory of Comprehensive and Highly Efficient Utilization of Salt Lake Resources Qinghai Institute of Salt LakesChineseAcademy of SciencesXining 810008China College of Ocean and Meteorology Guangdong Ocean UniversityZhanjiang 524088China Key Laboratory of Salt Lake Resources Chemistry of Qinghai Province Xining 810008China

Fe3O4-octadecyltrichlorosilane（Fe3O4-OTS）was synthesized and used to remove dyes in a competitive ***3O4-OTS was prepared by slow hydrolysis of OTS in cyclohexane on the surface of Fe3O4obtained through coprecipitation *** electron microscope（SEM）,energy dispersive spectrometer（EDS）,and contact angle analyzer（CA）were used to analyze the properties of *** orange（MO）and methylene blue（MB）were selected as model molecules to study the influence mechanism of p H and ionic strength on competitive *** results of EDS and CA indicated that Fe3O4 was modified successfully with OTS on the *** appeared and carbon content increased obviously on the surface of *** angle of adsorbent increased from 0~o to 107~o after being modified by ***3O4-OTS showed good separation for MO and MB in competitive system,which has potential to separate dyes in *** factor（β~OB）changed from 18.724 to 0.017,when p H changed from 7 to 12,revealing that MO and MB could be separated almost thoroughly by Fe3O4-OTS.p H could change the surface charge of Fe3O4-OTS and structure of dyes,and thus change the interactions of competitive system *** though hydrophobic interaction was enhanced,ionic strength reduced the difference of electrostatic interaction between dyes and *** it is unfavorable to separate dyes with opposite charges when ionic strength *** findings may provide theoretical guidances to separate two-component dye pollutants.

关键词： Fe3O4-Octadecyltrichlorosilane competitive adsorption mechanism pH ionic strength dye

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The Effect of ionic strength on the Electrochemiluminescence Generation by Tris(2,2′-bipyridyl)ruthenium(II)/Tri-n-propylamine

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Chemical Research in Chinese Universities 2022年第3期38卷 816-822页

作者： HU Shifan WANG Yafeng SU Bin Institute of Analytical Chemistry Department of ChemistryKey Laboratory of Excited-State Materials of Zhejiang ProvinceZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310058P.R.China

Electrochemiluminescence(ECL)is a powerful transduction technique used in biosensing and in vitro diagnosis,while the mechanism of ECL generation is complicated and affected by various *** the effect of ionic strength on ECL generation by the classical tris(2,2′-bipyridyl)ruthenium(II)[Ru(bpy)_(3)^(2+)]/tri-n-propylamine(TPrA)system was *** is clear that the ECL intensity decreases significantly with the increase of ionic strength,most likely arising from the reduced deprotonation rate of TPrA^(+)·.We further combined microtube electrode(MTE)with ECL microscopy to unravel the evolution of ECL layer with the variation of ionic *** a low concentration of Ru(bpy)_(3)^(2+),the thickness of ECL layer(TEL)nearly kept unchanged with the ionic strength,indicating the surface-confined ECL generation is dominated by the oxidative-reduction *** at a high concentration of Ru(bpy)_(3)^(2+),ECL generation is dominated by the catalytic route and TEL increases remarkably with the increase of ionic strength,because of the extended diffusion length of Ru(bpy)_(3)^(3+) at a reduced concentration of TPrA·.

关键词： Electrochemiluminescence(ECL) ECL layer thickness ECL microscopy ionic strength Reaction mechanism

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Influence of particle size and ionic strength on the freeze-thaw stability of emulsions stabilized by whey protein isolate

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2022年第4期11卷 922-932页

作者： Hao Lai Fuchao Zhan Yujie Wei Abel W.S.Zongo Sha Jiang Haomin Sui Bin Li Jing Li College of Food Science and Technology Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan 430070China Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology(Huazhong Agricultural University) Ministry of EducationWuhan 430070China

The influence of particle size and ionic strength on the freeze-thaw(FT) stability of emulsions stabilized by whey protein isolate(WPI) was investigated in this study. The destabilization of emulsions during the FT process could be suppressed in a way by decreasing the particle size of the initial emulsions, which was the result of retarding the coalescence between oil droplets. To further improve the FT stability of emulsions, different amounts of Na Cl were added before emulsification. The emulsions with the ionic strength at 30–50 mmol/L exhibited good FT stability. Notably, the ionic strength in this range would not lower the freezing point of emulsions below the freezing temperature used in this study. Salt addition could improve the structural properties of proteins, which was available to strengthen the rigidity and thickness of interfacial layers, sequentially building up the resistance that the destruction of ice crystals to emulsions. Moreover, stronger flocculation between emulsion droplets could promote the formation of a gel-like network structure dominated by elasticity in the emulsion system, which might effectively inhibit the movement of droplets, and improve the FT stability of emulsions eventually. The result was of great significance for the preparation of emulsion-based foods with improved FT stability.

关键词： Emulsion Freeze-thaw stability Whey protein isolate Particle size ionic strength

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Characterization of DNA Intercalator Bound to Calf Thymus DNA:ionic strength and pH Value Effects

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Chemical Research in Chinese Universities 2009年第4期25卷 492-496页

作者： YUAN Chun-li ZHANG Zhi-chao SONG Ting WU Gui-ye Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics First Hospital of Jilin University Changchun 130021 P. R. China State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals Dalian University of Technology Dalian 116012 P. R. China

By means of circular dichroism（CD） spectrum coupled with UV-Vis and fluorescence spectra,the binding model of DNA intercalator A1{4-（2-diethylamino-ethylamino）-8-oxo-8H-acenaphtho[1,2-b]pyrrole-9-carbonitrile} to calf thymus（CT） DNA was investigated,depending on the values of R（R is defined as the ratio of the concentration of A1 to CT DNA base pairs） and different outer *** A1 were intercalated into the CT DNA base pairs in different orientations in the intercalation pocket at a lower R value（R≤0.20）,while A1 molecules aggregated on the surface of the helix of the CT DNA as the R value *** influence of NaCl on the binding was smaller because the electrostatic interaction only provided approximately 16% of the overall free energy of *** protonated diethylamine substitution would influence the binding geometry greatly at a low pH value via forming hydrogen bonds with the exposed C=O group on DNA surface.

关键词： DNA intercalator 4-(2-Diethylamino-ethylamino)-8-oxo-8H-acenaphtho[1,2-b]pyrrole-9-carbonitrile ionic strength

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Probing the roles of pH and ionic strength on electrostatic binding of tetracycline by dissolved organic matters: Reevaluation of modified fitting model

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Environmental Science and Ecotechnology 2021年第4期8卷 130-139页

作者： Bo Yang Xin Cheng Yongli Zhang Wei Li Jingquan Wang Hongguang Guo MOE Key Laboratory of Deep Earth Science and Engineering College of Architecture and EnvironmentSichuan UniversityChengdu610065China Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering The Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyClear Water BayKowloonHong Kong

The binding performance of dissolved organic matters (DOM) plays a critical role in the migration,diffusion and removal of various residual pollutants in the natural water environment. In the currentstudy, four typical DOMs (including bovine serum proteins BSA (proteins), sodium alginate SAA (polysaccharides), humic acid HA and fulvic acid FA (humus)) are selected to investigate the binding roles inzwitterionic tetracycline (TET) antibiotic under various ionic strength (IS ¼ 0.001e0.1 M) and pH (5.0e9.0). The dialysis equilibration technique was employed to determine the binding concentrations ofTET, and the influence of IS and pH on binding performance was evaluated via UVevis spectroscopy, totalorganic carbon (TOC), and Excitation-Emission-Matrix spectra (EEM), zeta potentials and molecule sizedistribution analysis. Our results suggested that carboxyl and phenolic hydroxyl were identified as themain contributors to TET binding based on the fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis,and the binding capability of four DOMs followed as HA > FA » BSA > SAA. The biggest binding concentrations of TET by 10 mg C/L HA, FA, BSA and SAA were 0.863 mM, 0.487 mM, 0.084 mM and 0.086 mM,respectively. The higher binding capability of HA and FA is mainly attributed to their richer functionalgroups, lower zeta potential (HA/FA ¼ 15.92/-13.54 mV) and the bigger molecular size (HA/FA ¼ 24668/27750 nm). IS significantly inhibits the binding interaction by compressing the molecular structure andthe surface electric double layer, while pH had a weak effect. By combining the Donnan model and themultiple linear regression analysis, a modified Karickhoff model was established to effectively predict thebinding performance of DOM under different IS (0.001e0.1 M) and pH (5.0e9.0) conditions, and the R2 oflinear fitting between experiment-measured logKDOC and model-calculated logKOC were 0.94 for HA and0.91 for FA. This finding provides a theoretical basis for characterizing a

关键词： Dissolved organic matters Tetracycline Karickhoff model pH ionic strength

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Oxidation of Solid Phase and ionic strength Effect to the Cesium Adsorption on Pumice Tuff

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Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection 2016年第2期4卷 64-73页

作者： Mohammad Rajib Taishi Kobayashi Chiaki T. Oguchi Takayuki Sasaki Graduate School of Science and Engineering Saitama University Saitama Japan Bangladesh Atomic Energy Commission Dhaka Bangladesh Department of Nuclear Engineering Kyoto University Kyoto Japan Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Saitama University Saitama Japan

In-situ oxidation of solid phase was considered to investigate adsorption behavior under different geochemical parameters like pH, initial concentration and ionic strength. Pumice tuff, a potential host rock for low and intermediate radioactive wastes, has been affected by the redox zone. The characterization of the fresh and oxidized tuff was performed by X-ray diffractometer, scanning electron microscope and mercury intrusion porosimetry. In order to compare the difference of distribution coefficient (Kd) in fresh and oxidized pumice tuffs, a batch adsorption study was carried out at the range of pH (4 - 12), ionic strength (0.003, 0.1, 1.0 and 3.0 mol/dm3) and initial cesium concentration (10ǆ, 10Ǉ, 10ǈ and 10ǉ mol/dm3). Based on experimental Kd values, ionic strength was found to be the most influential factor, whereas the effects of pH, initial Cs concentration and weathering condition of pumice tuff were negligible. The recalculated Kd values suggest that the existing surface complexation model is applicable to explain the sorption coefficients through the wide range of solution conditions.

关键词： Oxidation ionic strength Adsorption Cesium Batch Experiment Distribution Coefficient Pumice Tuff

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Oxidative dissolution of Cr(OH)_(3) and mixed Fe-Cr(Ⅲ)phases by aqueous Mn(Ⅲ)-pyrophosphate complex

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第5期139卷 105-113页

作者： Mismel Ruiz-Garcia Jordan Stanberry Giovanna Ballerini Ribeiro Vasileios Anagnostopoulos Department of Chemistry University of Central FloridaOrlando FL 32816USA

The key role of manganese(Mn)in the biogeochemical cycle of trace elements has been of great interest in recent ***,the redox properties of aqueous Mn(Ⅲ)have been studied to a lesser ***(Ⅲ)is not stable in solution by ***,when complexed with inorganic ligands,it has shown potential to oxidize and reduce trace *** the present study,we are exploring the redox characteristics of the complex Mn(Ⅲ)-Pyrophosphate(Mn(Ⅲ)-PP).This complex is stable over a wide range of pH values but requires the ratio of Mn:PP to be less than 1:***,the redox reaction of chromium(Cr(Ⅲ))and Mn(Ⅲ)-PP is investigated.A solid,Cr(OH)_(3),is used as a source of Cr(Ⅲ).For this reaction,environmentally relevant parameters,such as pH,ionic strength,ratio Mn(Ⅲ)/Cr(Ⅲ),and excess of ligand,were *** showed that Mn(Ⅲ)can effectively oxidize Cr(Ⅲ)to Cr(Ⅵ),taking about 15 days for the reaction to *** reaction occurs only under acidic conditions(pH4),and with a low excess of *** initial Mn(Ⅲ)concentration decreases as the Cr(Ⅵ)is produced,and Cr(Ⅵ)can be adsorbed back into the Cr(OH)_(3)surface,limiting the mobility of this toxic *** this adsorption,significant amounts of Cr(VI)are release in the aqueous *** study shows the importance of a mobile species(Mn-PP complex)in the oxidation of Cr(Ⅲ)and the release of Cr(Ⅵ)to the environment.

关键词： Chromium Manganese Pyrophosphate complex Sorption ionic strength Redox

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