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Characteristics of the SOL ion-to-electron temperature ratio on the J-TEXT tokamak with different plasma configurations

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Plasma Science and Technology 2024年第2期26卷 13-21页

作者：李存凯梁云峰江中和周松华建坤阳杰杨庆虎 Alexander KNIEPS Philipp DREWS 徐鑫毛飞越谢伟杨雨桐郭金龙李杨波任正康陈志鹏王能超 the J-TEXT Team International Joint Research Laboratory of Magnetic Confinement Fusion and Plasma Physics State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Engineering and TechnologySchool of Electrical and Electronic EngineeringHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074People's Republic of China Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH Institut für Energie-und Klimaforschung—PlasmaphysikPartner of the Trilateral Euregio Cluster(TEC)Julich 52425Germany 不详

Accurate measurement of the average plasma parameters in the edge region,including the temperature and density of electrons and ions,is critical for understanding the characteristics of the scrape-off layer(SOL) and divertor plasma transport in magnetically confined fusion research.On the J-TEXT tokamak,a multi-channel retarding field analyzer(RFA) probe has been developed to study average plasma parameters in the edge region under various poloidal divertor and island divertor configurations.The edge radial profile of the ion-to-electron temperature ratio,τ_(i/e),has been determined,which gradually decreases as the SOL ion self-collisionality,v_(SOL)*,increases.This is broadly consistent with what has been observed previously from various tokamak experiments.However,the comparison of experimental results under different configurations shows that in the poloidal divertor configuration,even under the same v_(SOL)*,τ_(i/e) in the SOL region becomes smaller as the distance from the X-point to the target plate increases.In the island divertor configuration,τ_(i/e) near the O-point is higher than that near the X-point at the same v_(SOL)*,and both are higher than those in the limiter configuration.These results suggest that the magnetic configuration plays a critical role in the energy distributions between electrons and ions at the plasma boundary.

关键词： ion temperature island divertor poloidal divertor retarding field analyzer(RFA)probe

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The tri-band high spectral resolution spectrometer with gratings in tandem for the charge-exchange recombination spectroscopy diagnostic system on HL-2A tokamak

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Plasma Science and Technology 2024年第6期26卷 103-110页

作者：刘亮余德良马倩何小斐 Maarten DE BOCK Manfred von HELLERMANN Michael WALSH 陈文锦何小雪魏彦玲张能李栋魏会领 the HL-2A Team Southwestern Institute of Physics Chengdu 610041People’s Republic of China College of Physics and Optoelectronic Technology Baoji University of Arts and SciencesBaoji 721000People’s Republic of China ITER Organization Route de Vinon-sur-VerdonCS 90046St.Paul Lez Durance Cedex 13067France Fusion Spectroscopy Markgraf-Albrecht Str.14Berlin 10711Germany

Charge-exchange(CX) recombination spectroscopy is a powerful tool monitoring ion temperature and plasma rotation with good temporal and spatial resolutions. A compact, new design for a high-throughput, tri-band high spectral resolution spectrometer has been developed for the charge-exchange recombination spectroscopy measurement on the HL-2A tokamak. The simultaneous measurements of He II(468.57 nm), C VI(529.1 nm), and Dα(656.1 nm accompanied by beam emission spectra) with an acquisition frequency up to 400 Hz are achieved by vertically binning the spectrum from each fiber in experiments. Initial results indicate that the system can provide radial profiles of not only ion temperature and rotation velocity,but also concentration of carbon. For the case of helium, the measurements for the ion temperature and rotation velocity are straightforward but the apparent concentration associated with the observed CX intensity is obviously too high. Modeling of the active He II CX feature including plume contributions needs to be carried out to extract the true helium concentration.The spectrometer could become a prototype for the ITER charge-exchange recombination spectroscopy diagnostic and the pilot experiments, as presented here, demonstrate the possibility of impurity concentrations measurements based on the combined measurement of local beam emission and charge-exchange recombination spectroscopy spectra.

关键词： CXRS ion temperature plasma rotation impurity concentration

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Inversion techniques to obtain local rotation velocity and ion temperature profiles for the x-ray crystal spectrometer on EAST

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Plasma Science and Technology 2023年第9期25卷 26-33页

作者：林子超张洪明王福地 Cheonho BAE 符佳金仡飞卢迪安傅盛宇李建康吕波 Institute of Plasma Physics HFIPSChinese Academy of SciencesHefei 230031People’s Republic of China Science Island Branch Graduate School of University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026People’s Republic of China School of Nuclear Science and Technology University of South ChinaHengyang 421001People’s Republic of China

Inversion techniques are conducted based on the tangential x-ray crystal spectroscopy(TXCS)geometry on EAST to obtain the local profiles of ion temperature(Ti)and toroidal rotation velocity(vt).Firstly,local emissivity profiles of the impurity argon are obtained using the asymmetrical Abel inversion.Then,the local vt and Ti profiles are calculated by considering the local emissivity profiles and the TXCS detailed geometry.In addition,how the changes in the vt profiles affect the accuracy in the Ti profiles is discussed in detail.It is also found that the lineintegrated Ti profiles are becoming less accurate with the increase in the radial gradient in the local vt profiles.Nonetheless,accurate Ti radial profiles are reconstructed after considering the effects of the emissivity and velocity,which are verified by comparing the inverted vt and Ti profiles with those local profile measurements from the Charge eXchange Recombination Spectroscopy(CXRS)on EAST.

关键词： plasma toroidal rotation ion temperature x-ray crystal spectroscopy Abel inversion

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Investigation of ion temperature Characteristics in the HT-7 Tokamak

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Plasma Science and Technology 2011年第5期13卷 535-540页

作者：李颖颖符佳石跃江王福地张伟提昂许平黄懿赟胡纯栋 DNB team Institute of Plasma Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Hefei 230031 China

Characteristics of ion temperature measured with charge-exchange recombination spectroscopy （CXRS） were studied in Ohmic, lower-hybrid-wave （LHW） driven and ion-cyclotron- resonance-frequency （ICRF） heated plasmas in HT-7. The results indicate that the central ion temperature T10 follows the one-third power law in the product of central line-averaged density Ne and plasma current Ip in Ohmic discharges and is therefore consistent with the Artsimovich scaling law T10 = K （Ip Bt ne R2）1/3. It is shown that there is an appreciable increase of ion temperature during the operation with both LHW and ICRF and that the increment of ion temperature in those shots is mainly due to the energy transfer via collisions between ions and electrons rather that by direct heating of the ions.

关键词： charge exchange recombination spectroscopy ion temperature tokamak

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Application of DEGAS for ion temperature Profile Reconstruction from a NPA Diagnostic on HL-2A

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Plasma Science and Technology 2013年第2期15卷 101-105页

作者：夏志伟李伟杨青巍卢杰易萍高金明 Southwestern Institute of Physics

On HL-2A, the ion temperature profile can be roughly estimated by analyzing the energy spectrum of the neutral particles that escape from core plasma through 11 different spatial channels. However, this profile deviates from the real radial distribution because of the averaging and attenuation effects. The DEGAS code is used to estimate these effects and reconstruct a more reasonable ion temperature profile by simulating these neutral spectra and making them conform to the measurements. In this paper, critical parameters that affect the escaped neutral spectra are enumerated, and an example of a reconstruction of the ion temperature profile is presented based on experimental data.

关键词： DEGAS code plasma NPA HL-2A ion temperature

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The azimuthal currents in the ion-driven magnetic nozzle

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Propulsion and Power Research 2022年第4期11卷 457-472页

作者： Zhiyuan Chen Yibai Wang Haibin Tang Junxue Ren Min Li Peng Wu Jinbin Cao School of Astronautics Beihang UniversityBeijing102206China Key Laboratory of Spacecraft Design Optimization and Dynamic Simulation Technologies Ministry of EducationBeijing102206China Laboratory of Space Environment Monitoring and Information Processing Ministry of Industry and Information TechnologyBeijing102206China Innovation Academy of Microsatellites Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai201203China School of Space and Environment Beihang UniversityBeijing102206China

ion-driven magnetic nozzles(Ti>Te)are designed as intrinsic parts of cutting-edge propulsive technologies such as variable specific impulse magnetoplasma rockets(VASIMRs)and applied-field magnetoplasmadynamic thrusters.Employing a two-dimensional axisymmetric particle-in-cell(PIC)code,in the ion-driven magnetic nozzle,the compositions and distributions of azimuthal currents in different axial regions are investigated under various inlet ion temperatures Ti0 and found to differ dramatically from that in the electron-driven magnetic nozzles.Previously reported to be all paramagnetic and vanishing under a high magnetic field,the azimuthal currents resulting from the E 3 B drift are shown to turn diamagnetic and sustain a considerable magnitude when Ti0 is considered.The previously reported profile of diamagnetic drift current is altered by the introduction of inlet ion temperature,and the paramagnetic part is significantly suppressed.Moreover,a wide range of paramagnetic currents appear downstream due to the inward detachment of ions,which can also be reduced by increasing inlet ion temperature.Albeit considered in this paper,the azimuthal currents resulting from grad-B and curvature drift are still negligible in all cases of interest.The magnitude of diamagnetic azimuthal currents increases with amplifying Ti0,indicating a clear physical image of energy transformation from ion thermal energy to the directed kinetic energy through electromagnetic processes in the magnetic nozzle.Additionally,the magnetic inductive strength also has noticeable impacts on the azimuthal currents,the current magnitude tends to decrease as the magnetic field increases,and over-increment of it may result in larger divergence angles and lower nozzle efficiency.

关键词： Magnetic nozzle Azimuthal current ion temperature Electric propulsion

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Research on the ions’axial temperature of a sympathetically-cooled ^(113)Cd^(+)ion crystal

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Chinese Physics B 2021年第11期30卷 318-324页

作者：辛弄潮苗胜楠秦浩然郭黎明韩济泽胡华星施文心张建伟王力军 State Key Laboratory of Precision Measurement Technology and Instruments Department of Precision InstrumentsTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Department of Physics Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

Molecular dynamics simulation of a sympathetically-cooled ^(113)Cd^(+)ion crystal system is achieved.Moreover,the relationship between ions’axial temperature and different electric parameters,including radio frequency voltage and endcap voltage is depicted.Under stable trapping condition,optimum radio frequency voltage,corresponding to minimum temperature and the highest cooling efficiency,is obtained.The temperature is positively correlated with end-cap voltage.The relationship is also confirmed by a sympathetically-cooled ^(113)Cd^(+) microwave clock.The pseudo-potential model is used to illustrate the relationship and influence mechanism.A reasonable index,indicating ions’temperature,is proposed to quickly estimate the relative ions’temperature.The investigation is helpful for ion crystal investigation,such as spatial configuration manipulation,sympathetic cooling efficiency enhancement,and temporal evolution.

关键词： ion temperature sympathetic cooling electric parameters microwave clock

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ion Heating in an ECR Plasma with a Magnetic Mirror Field

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Plasma Science and Technology 2013年第6期15卷 516-520页

作者：沈武林马志斌谭必松吴俊 Provincial Key Laboratory of Plasma Chemistry and Advanced Materials School of Materials Science and EngineeringWuhan Institute of Technology

Magnetoelectric heating was used to heat ions in an ECR plasma with a magnetic mirror field.The temperature and density of ions were measured by an ion sensitive probe（ISP） before and after magnetoelectric heating in order to investigate the influence of the anode ring’s radius,axial position and working pressure on magnetoelectric heating.Results showed that a suitable radius of the anode ring could improve the ion temperature effectively and the optimal size of the anode ring depended on the cyclotron radius of ions.The radial uniformity of the ion density was improved by increasing the radius of the anode ring after heating.The magnetic mirror field could reduce the loss of ions caused by collision with the wall of the chamber and it was beneficial to increase the ion temperature and the ion density.It was suitable to heat the ions when the anode ring was set at the center of the magnetic mirror field where there was a weaker magnetic field strength.Lower pressure contributed to the increase in the ion temperature and efficiency of magnetoelectric heating.

关键词： ECR plasma magnetoelectric heating ion temperature

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Test of a High Throughput Detector on the X-ray Crystal Spectrometer of the EAST

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Plasma Science and Technology 2013年第2期15卷 97-100页

作者：吕波石跃江王福地万宝年 Manfred BITTER Kenneth W. HILL Sang-gon LEE 李颖颖符佳张继宗徐经翠沈永才 Institute of Plasma Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences WCI Center for Fusion Theory National Fusion Research InstituteDaejeon 305-806 Korea University of Science and Technology of China Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory MS37-B332 Princeton New Jersey 08543 USA National Fusion Research Institute 52 Eoeun-Dong Yusung-Gu Taejeon 305-333 Korea

An attempt was made to improve the spatio-temporal resolution of the tangen- tial X-ray crystal spectrometer （XCS） on the Experimental Advanced Superconducting Tokamak （EAST） by evaluating experimentally the applicability of a novel X-ray photon detection tech- nology for measuring the satellite spectra of Ar XVII with a high counting rate. High-resolution experimental data on the profiles of ion temperature and plasma rotation velocity facilitate the studies of the mechanisms underlining important physical phenomena, such as plasma heating, L-H transition and momentum transport. Based on silicon diode array and single-photon counting technology, a relatively small area （83.8 x 33.5 mm~） two-dimensional detector was successfully in- stalled and tested in the recent EAST campaign. X-ray photon counting rate higher than 20 MHz was observed for the first time, and high quality satellite spectra were recorded for ion temperature and plasma rotation measurement, indicating that the new technology is suitable for the next-step high-resolution XCS on EAST, and the deployment of a detector array with a much larger X-ray sensing area is planned for better plasma coverage.

关键词： X-ray crystal spectrometer high resolution ion temperature plasma rotation

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Modelling of electronegative collisional warm plasma for plasma-surface interaction process

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Plasma Science and Technology 2021年第4期23卷 48-54页

作者： Rajat DHAWAN Hitendra K MALIK Plasma Science and Technology Laboratory Department of PhysicsIndian Institute of Technology DelhiNew Delhi—110016India

An electronegative collisional plasma having warm and massive positive ions,non-extensive distributed electrons and Boltzmann distributed negative ions is modelled for the plasma-surface interaction process that is used for the surface nitriding.Specifically the sheath formation is evaluated through the Bohm’s criterion,which is found to be modified,and the variation of the sheath thickness and profiles of the density of plasma species and the net space charge density in the sheath region in addition to the electric potential.The effect of ion temperature,nonextensivity and collisional parameter is examined in greater detail considering the collisional cross-section to obey power-law dependency on the positive ion velocity.The positive ions are found to enter in the sheath region at lower velocities in the collisional plasma compared to the case of collision-less plasma;this velocity sees minuscule reduction with increasing nonextensivity.The increasing ion temperature and collisional parameter lead to the formation of sheath with smaller thickness.

关键词： electronegative sheath ion temperature non-extensivity sheath thickness power-law dependency collisions

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