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Novel endoscopic findings as visualized by non-magnification endoscopy with linked color imaging are indicative of gastric intestinal metaplasia

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Chinese Medical Journal 2019年第7期132卷 782-788页

作者： Min Min Teng-Hui Dong Yan Liu Yi-Liang Bi Cui-Yun Ma Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Affiliated Hospital of Academy of Military Medical SciencesBeijing 100071China

Background:Gastric intestinal metaplasia(GIM)is generally considered to be the main mucosal background for the develop gastric adenocarcinomas.Using linked color imaging(LCI),we noticed that the color pattern in areas of GIM was purple mixed with white on the epithelium with signs of mist that were detected by the non-magnifying LCI observation.We have termed this endoscopic finding wPurple in Mist"(PIM).The aim of this study was to investigate whether PIM could be a useful optical sign for predicting GIM.Methods:We prospectively evaluated consecutive patients undergoing endoscopy for various indications.The endoscopist used the LCI system to carefully observe the gastric antrum,body and angulus.When a PIM was identified in the surface layer,targeted biopsies were subsequently taken from this part.If the suspected area had no PIM on the surface,targeted biopsies were also taken.Results:Sixty-three consecutive patients were included in this study.The prevalence of intestinal metaplasia(IM)was 29/63(46%).In PIM-positive patients,the prevalence of IM was 23/26(89%).Of these patients,146 biopsy specimens were included in this study.For the diagnosis of IM,compared to histological assessment,the LCI finding had an accuracy of 91.1%(95%CI:86.5%-95.7%),a sensitivity of 89.8%(95%CI:81.3%-98.3%),a specificity of 91.8%(95%CI:86.3%-97.2%),a positive predictive value of 84.6%(95%CI:74.8%-94.4%),and a negative predictive value of 94.7%(95%CI:90.1%-99.2%).Conclusions:A positive PIM finding in a suspicious lesion on LCI would complement LCI diagnosis of possible IM because of the positive predictive value of PIM.PIM could be a novel endoscopic marker for IM.

关键词： Gastric intestinal metaplasia Linked color imaging Non-magnification endoscopy

Dietary organic acid and fiber sources affect performance,intestinal morphology, immune responses and gut microflora in broilers

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Animal Nutrition 2019年第2期5卷 156-162页

作者： Sakineh Sabour Sayed A.Tabeidian Ghorbanali Sadeghi Department of Animal Science Isfahan(Khorasgan)BranchIslamic Azad UniversityIsfahan81595-158Iran Department of Animal Science University of KurdistanSanandaj66177-15175Iran

This experiment was designed to investigate the effects of a dietary organic acid(OA) mixture and 2 fiber sources on performance, intestinal morphology, immune responses and gut microflora in broilers. A total of 390 one-day-old broiler chicks(Ross 308) were allocated to 6 dietary treatments with 5 replicate pens and 13 chicks each based on a factorial arrangement(2 x 3) in a completely randomized design. The experiment lasted 42 d. The following experimental diets and as well as their interaction were considered: a basal diet supplemented with or without OA(0 or 1 g/kg) and 2 fiber sources(sugar beet pulp[soluble fiber] or rice hull [insoluble fiber];0 or 30 g/kg). Dietary supplementation of OA increased daily weight gains of broilers across the entire rearing period(P < 0.05). The dietary fibrous materials did not affect the performance of broilers. Antibody titer against influenza disease virus was higher in birds fed diets containing rice hull compared with other experimental groups(P < 0.05). The population of Lactobacillus bacteria was greater in birds fed OA-added diets without or with 30 g/kg rice hull supplementation compared with other experimental groups(P < 0.05). In conclusion, dietary supplemental OA improved performance of broilers, and dietary supplemental OA with rice hull enhanced humoral immune responses.

关键词： Broiler Growth performance Gut development Antibody titer intestinal microflora

Alginate oligosaccharide-induced intestinal morphology, barrier function and epithelium apoptosis modifications have beneficial effects on the growth performance of weaned pigs

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2018年第4期9卷 937-948页

作者： Jin Wan Jiao Zhang Daiwen Chen Bing Yu Xiangbing Mao Ping Zheng Jie Yu Junqiu Luo Jun He Institute of Animal Nutrition Sichuan Agricultural University

Background: Alginate oligosaccharide(AOS), produced from alginate by alginate lyase-mediated depolymerisation, is a potential substitute for antibiotics and possesses growth-enhancing effects. Nevertheless, the mechanisms by which AOS regulates porcine growth remain to be elucidated. Therefore, we investigated the AOS-mediated changes in the growth performance of weaned pigs by determining the intestinal morphology, barrier function,as well as epithelium apoptosis.Methods: Twenty-four weaned pigs were distributed into two groups(n = 12) and received either a basal diet(control group) or the same diet supplemented with 100 mg/kg AOS. On d 15, D-xylose(0.1 g/kg body weight)was orally administrated to eight randomly selected pigs per treatment, and their serum and intestinal mucosa samples were collected 1 h later.Results: Our results showed that inclusion of AOS in the diet for 2 wk increased(P intestinal morphology and barrier function, as suggested by the enhanced(P intestinal villus height, secretory immunoglobulin A content and goblet cell counts. Compared to the control group, AOS ingestion both decreased(P intestinal epithelial cells. Furthermore, AOS not only up-regulated(P intestinal morphology and barrier function,as well as the inhibited enterocyte death, through reducing apoptosis via mitochondria-dependent apoptosis.

关键词： Alginate oligosaccharide Barrier function Cell apoptosis intestinal morphology Weaned pigs

Identification of active compound combination contributing to anti-inflammatory activity of Xiao-Cheng-Qi Decoction via human intestinal bacterial metabolism

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Chinese Journal of Natural Medicines 2018年第7期16卷 513-524页

作者： LIU Xing-Yan LI Li LI Xue-Qing YU Bo-Yang LIU Ji-Hua Jiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research China Pharmaceutical University State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines China Pharmaceutical University

Human intestinal bacteria play an important role in the metabolism of herbal medicines, leading to the variations in their pharmacological profile. The present study aimed to investigate the metabolism of Xiao-Cheng-Qi decoction(XCQD) by human intestinal bacteria and to discover active component combination(ACC) contributing to the anti-inflammatory activity of XCQD. The water extract of XCQD was anaerobically incubated with human intestinal bacteria suspensions for 48 h at 37 °C. A liquid chromatography-hybrid quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry(LC-Q-TOF/MS) method was performed for identification of the metabolites. In addition, the anti-inflammatory effects of XCQD and biotransformed XCQD(XCQD-BT) were evaluated in vitro with cytokines in RAW264.7 cells induced by lipopolysaccharide(LPS). A total of 51 compounds were identified in XCQD and XCQD-BT. Among them, 20 metabolites were proven to be transformed by human intestinal bacteria. Significantly, a combination of 14 compounds was identified as ACC from XCQD-BT, which was as effective as XCQD in cell models of inflammation. In conclusion, this study provided an applicable method, based on intestinal bacterial metabolism, for identifying combinatory compounds responsible for a certain pharmacological activity of herbal medicines.

关键词： Xiao-Cheng-Qi decoction Human intestinal bacteria Metabolism Anti-inflammatory LC-Q-TOF/MS

Alterations in intestinal microbiota of colorectal cancer patients receiving radical surgery combined with adjuvant CapeOx therapy

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2019年第9期62卷 1178-1193页

作者： Cheng Kong Renyuan Gao Xuebing Yan Linsheng Huang Jide He Hao Li Jie You Huanlong Qin Department of General Surgery Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Tongji UniversityShanghai 200072China Research Institute of intestinal Diseases Tongji University School of MedicineShanghai 200072China Department of Oncology Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou UniversityYangzhou 225000China Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine Shanghai Ninth People’s HospitalShanghai 200011China

An intricate relationship exists and interactions occur between gut microbiota and colorectal cancer(CRC).Radical surgery combined with adjuvant chemotherapy(AC) serves as the mainstream therapeutic scheme for most CRC patients.The current research was conducted to assess the effect of surgery or chemotherapy on gut microbiota.Forty-three CRC patients who received radical surgery and AC were enrolled.Fecal samples were collected preoperatively,postoperatively,and after the first to fifth cycles of postoperative chemotherapy.The microbial community of each sample was analyzed using high throughput 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing.Compared with preoperative samples,fecal samples collected postoperatively exhibited a significant decrease of obligate anaerobes,tumor-related bacteria,and butyric acid-producing bacteria.However,a significant increase of some conditional pathogens was observed.In addition,the AC regimen(CapeOx) was found to alter intestinal microbiota dramatically.In particular,several changes were observed after chemotherapy including an increase of pathogenic bacteria,the "rebound effect" of chemotherapy-adapted bacteria,the shift of lactate-utilizing microbiota from Veillonella to Butyricimonas and Butyricicoccus,as well as the decrease of probiotics.Both radical surgery and CapeOx chemotherapy exert a non-negligible effect on the gut microbiota of CRC patients.Microbiota-based intervention may be beneficial for patients during postoperative clinical management.

关键词： surgery chemotherapy intestinal microbiota colorectal cancer

Houttuynia cordata polysaccharide alleviated intestinal injury and modulated intestinal microbiota in H1N1 virus infected mice

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Chinese Journal of Natural Medicines 2019年第3期17卷 187-197页

作者： CHEN Mei-Yu LI Hong LU Xiao-Xiao LING Li-Jun WENG Hong-Bo SUN Wei CHEN Dao-Feng ZHANG Yun-Yi Department of Pharmacology School of Pharmacy Fudan University Department of Pharmacognosy School of Pharmacy Fudan University

Houttuynia cordata polysaccharide(HCP) is extracted from Houttuynia cordata, a key traditional Chinese medicine. The study was to investigate the effects of HCP on intestinal barrier and microbiota in H1N1 virus infected mice. Mice were infected with H1N1 virus and orally administrated HCP at a dosage of 40 mg×kg^(–1)×d^(–1). H1N1 infection caused pulmonary and intestinal injury and gut microbiota imbalance. HCP significantly suppressed the expression of hypoxia inducible factor-1α and decreased mucosubstances in goblet cells, but restored the level of zonula occludens-1 in intestine. HCP also reversed the composition change of intestinal microbiota caused by H1N1 infection, with significantly reduced relative abundances of Vibrio and Bacillus, the pathogenic bacterial genera. Furthermore, HCP rebalanced the gut microbiota and restored the intestinal homeostasis to some degree. The inhibition of inflammation was associated with the reduced level of Toll-like receptors and interleukin-1β in intestine, as well as the increased production of interleukin-10. Oral administration of HCP alleviated lung injury and intestinal dysfunction caused by H1N1 infection. HCP may gain systemic treatment by local acting on intestine and microbiota. This study proved the high-value application of HCP.

关键词： HIN1 influenza virus Houttuynia cordata Inflammation intestinal Barrier Microbiota Polysaccharide

Protective effect of Saccharomyces boulardii on intestinal mucosal barrier of dextran sodium sulfate-induced colitis in mice

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Chinese Medical Journal 2019年第16期132卷 1951-1958页

作者： Jin-Pei Dong Yue Zheng Ting Wu Qun He Gui-Gen Teng Hua-Hong Wang Department of Gastroenterology Peking University First HospitalBeijing 100034China Department of Urology Peking University First HospitalBeijing 100034China.

Background: The effect and mechanism of Saccharomyces boulardii (Sb) in inflammatory bowel disease are unclear. The objective of the study was to evaluate the impact of Sb on intestinal mucosal barrier and intestinal flora in a colitis mouse model. Methods: Forty C57BL/6J male mice were randomly assigned to five groups: normal control group (A), pathologic control group (B), Sb treatment group (C), mesalazine treatment group (D), and Sb combined with mesalazine treatment group (E). Colitis was induced by the addition of 2.5%(wt/vol) dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) in the drinking water ad libitum for 7 days. The general condition, weight change, stool property, and bloody stool level of mice were observed to evaluate the disease activity index. The expression of zona occludens-1 (ZO-1) and occludin in intestinal tissue were measured by immunohistochemistry. The level of tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α) and interleukin (IL)-8 in plasma was measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay. Inter-cellular tight junctions were observed by transmission electron microscopy. The feces and intestinal contents were collected sterilely, and intestinal flora was analyzed by 16S rRNA sequencing. Results: Compared with group B, Sb reduced the disease activity index and histological score of group C (disease activity index: group B 2.708 ± 0.628, group C 1.542 ± 0.616, PBC = 0.005;histological score: group B 9.875 ± 3.271, group C 4.750 ± 1.832, PBC = 0.005) in DSS-induced colitis in mice. Sb exerted a protect effect on the expression of ZO-1 (group B 2.075 ± 1.176, group C 4.225 ± 1.316, PBC = 0.019) and occludin (group B 2.200 ± 0.968, group C 3.525 ± 1.047, PBC = 0.023). Compared with group B, Sb decreased the level of TNF-α and IL-8 of group C (TNF-α: group B 716.323 ± 44.691 ng/L, group C 521.740 ± 90.121 ng/L, PBC = 0.001;IL-8: group B 128.992 ± 11.475 pg/mL, group C 106.283 ± 15.906 pg/mL, PBC = 0.012). Treatment with Sb preserved the tight junctions and ameliorated microvilli and inter-cellular space. Treatment with Sb also sh

关键词： Inflammatory bowel disease Saccharomyces boulardii intestinal mucosal barrier

Effect of dietary supplementation of Bacillus coagulans or yeast hydrolysates on growth performance,antioxidant activity,cytokines and intestinal microflora of growing-finishing pigs

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Animal Nutrition 2019年第4期5卷 366-372页

作者： Runqi Fu Daiwen Chen Gang Tian Ping Zheng Xiangbing Mao Jie Yu Jun He Zhiqing Huang Yuheng Luo Bing Yu Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of Ministry of Education Institute of Animal NutritionSichuan Agricultural UniversityChengdu611130China

This study was to investigate the effects of dietary supplementation of Bacillus coagulans(BC) and yeast hydrolysates(YH) on growth performance,antioxidant activity,cytokines and intestinal microflora of growing-finishing pigs.Thirty-six barrows(initial BW=26.87±2.65 kg) were assigned randomly to 3 treatments with 4 replicates,3 pigs per replicate.Pigs in the control group(CON) were fed a basal diet,and the diets for the other 2 groups were the basal diet plus BC at 200 mg/kg and the basal diet plus YH at 3,000 mg/kg.The trial lasted for 104 d.Compared with CON,YH treatment significantly increased average daily gain(ADG) and average daily feed intake(ADFI) during the finishing phase(P <0.05),and significantly enhanced ADG during the overall period(P <0.05).Dietary inclusion of BC tended to increase ADFI during the finishing period(P=0.08).Compared with CON,BC treatment imp roved lysozyme(LZM),complement 3(C3),complement 4(C4),interlenkin-10(IL-10) and total antioxidant capacity(T-AOC) level in serum(P <0.05).Dietary inclusion of YH enhanced the serum IL-10 level(P <0.05) and tended to increase T-AOC level(P=0.06).Dietary inclusion of YH elevated(P <0.05) the number of Lactobacillus and Bacillus in cecal contents of pigs,promoted the populations of Bifidobacterium and Bacillus in colonic contents.Moreover,the BC diet increased(P <0.05) the count of Bifidobacterium in colonic contents.These results indicated that dietary BC supplementation is beneficial to improve the immunity.Dietary YH supplementation promoted the growth performance and the populations of beneficial bacteria in the hindgut of the growing-finishing pigs.

关键词： Bacillus coagulans Yeast hydrolysates Antioxidant activity Growth performance Immunity intestinal microflora

Advances in the understanding of the intestinal micro-environment and inflammatory bowel disease

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Chinese Medical Journal 2020年第7期133卷 834-841页

作者： Peng-Guang Yan Jing-Nan Li Department of Gastroenterology Peking Union Medical College HospitalBeijing 100730China Key Laboratory of Gut Microbiota Translational Medicine Research Chinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijing 100730China

The human gastrointestinal tract accommodates an entire micro-environment for divergent physiologic processes,the dysbiosis of this micro-ecology has a strong inter-action with the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease(IBD).In the past few years,with the advances in the understanding of microbiome,its metabolites and further application of next generation sequencing,analysis of dynamic alteration of gut micro-environment was realized,which provides numerous information beyond simple microbiota structure or metabolites differences under chronic colitis status.The subsequent intervention strategies targeting the modulation of intestinal micro-environment have been explored as a potential therapy.In this review,we will summarize the recent knowledge about multi-dimensional dysbiosis,the inter-action between fungus and bacteria under inflamed mucosa,and the clinical application of probiotics and fecal microbiota transplantation as a promising therapeutic approach in IBD.

关键词： intestinal micro-environment dysbiosis Inflammatory bowel disease Multi-omics Probiotics Fecal microbiota transplantation