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Effects of internals on phase holdup and backmixing in a slightly-expanded-bed reactor with gas–liquid concurrent upflow

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2019年第10期27卷 2273-2283页

作者： Kang Yu WeijieWang Tao Zhang Yumei Yong Chao Yang CAS Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering Institute of Process EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China School of Chemical Engineering University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China 3 PetroChina Petrochemical Research InstituteBeijing 102206China

Five different internals were designed,and their effects on phase holdup and backmixing were investigated in a gas–liquid concurrent upflow reactor where the spherical alumina packing particles of three diameters(3.0,4.5 and6.0 mm)were slightly expanded under the conditions of varied superficial gas velocities(6.77×10-2-3.61×10-1 m·s-1)and superficial liquid velocities(9.47×10-4-2.17×10-3 m·s-1).The experimental results show that the gas holdup increases with the superficial gas velocity and particle size,opposite to the variational trend of liquid holdup.When an internal component is installed amid the upflow reactor,a higher gas holdup,a less liquid holdup and a larger Peclet number characterizing the weaker backmixing are obtained compared to those in the bed without internals under the same operating conditions.Additionally,the minimal backmixing is observed in the reactor equipped with the internals with a novel multi-step design.Finally,empirical correlations were proposed for estimating gas holdup,liquid holdup and Peclet number with the relative deviations within 11%,12%and 25%,respectively.

关键词： internals Phase holdup Backmixing Slightly-expanded-bed reactor Multiphase flow Hydrodynamics

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Suppressing secondary reactions of coal pyrolysis by reducing pressure and mounting internals in fixed-bed reactor

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2017年第4期25卷 507-515页

作者： Shuai Cheng Dengguo Lai Zhen Shi Leisheng Hong Jianling Zhang Xi Zeng Shiqiu Gao Guangwen Xu State Key Laboratory of Multi-phase Complex Systems institute of Process Engineering Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China University of ChineseAcademy of Sciences Beijing 100049China AnHui University of Technology Ma'anshan 243002China

Pyrolysis of Shenmu coal was performed in fixed-bed reactors indirectly heated by reducing operating pressure and mounting internals in the reactor to explore their synergetic effects on coal pyrolysis. Mounting internals particularly designed greatly improved the heat transfer inside coal bed and raised the yield of tar production.Reducing pressure further facilitated the production of tar through its suppression of secondary reactions occurring in the reactor. The absolute increase in tar yield reached 3.33 wt% in comparison with the pyrolysis in the reactor without internals under atmospheric pressure. The obtained tar yield in the reactor with internals under reduced pressure was even higher than the yield of Gray–King assay. Through experiments in a laboratory fixed bed reactor, it was also clarified that the effect of reducing pressure is related to volatile release rate in pyrolysis. It did not obviously vary tar yield at pyrolysis temperatures below 600 °C, while the effect was evident at 650 and 700 °C but became limited again above 800 °C. Under reduced pressure the produced tar contained more aliphatics and phenols but less aromatics.

关键词： Pyrolysis Fixed-bed Reaction Coal Reducing pressure internals

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Pyrolysis characteristics of waste tire particles in fixed-bed reactor with internals

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Carbon Resources Conversion 2018年第3期1卷 228-237页

作者： Shipei Xu Dengguo Lai Xi Zeng Lijuan Zhang Zhennan Han Jiguang Cheng Rongcheng Wu Ondřej Mašek Guangwen Xu State Key Laboratory of Multi-phase Complex Systems Institute of Process EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China Institute of Industrial Chemistry and Energy Technology Shenyang University of Chemical TechnologyShenyang 110142China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China University of Edinburgh Edinburgh EH93FFScotlandUnited Kingdom

This study investigated the characteristics of pyrolysis for waste tire particles in the newly developed fixed-bed reactor with internals that are a central gas collection channel mounted inside reactor.And a few metallic plates vertically welded on the internal wall of the reactors and extending to the region closing their central gas collection pipe walls.Experiments were conducted in two laboratory fixed bed reactors with or without the internals.The results shown that employing internals produced more light oil at externally heating temperatures above 700℃due to the inhibited secondary reactions in the reactor.The oil from the reactor with internals contained more aliphatic hydrocarbons and fewer aromatic hydrocarbons,leading to its higher H/C atomic ratios as for crude petroleum oil.The char yield was relatively stable for two beds and showed the higher heating values(HHVs)of about 23 MJ/kg.The gaseous product of pyrolysis mainly consisted of H2 and CH4,but the use of internals led to less pyrolysis gas through its promotion of oil production.

关键词： Pyrolysis Waste tire Fixed bed internals Secondary reactions

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Review on the effect of heat exchanger tubes on flow behavior and heat/mass transfer of the bubble/slurry reactors

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2021年第7期34卷 44-61页

作者： Le Li Yansheng Zhao Wenhao Lian Chun Han Qian Zhang Wei Huang Key Laboratory of Coal Science and Technology of Ministry of Education and Shanxi Province Taiyuan University of TechnologyTaiyuan 030024China School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Taiyuan University of TechnologyTaiyuan 030024China School of Chemical Engineering and Technology North University of ChinaTaiyuan 030024China Taiyuan Coal Conversion Technology Engineering Co. Ltd.Taiyuan 030024China

Bubble/Slurry bubble column reactors(BCR/SBCR)are intensively used as multiphase reactors for a wide range of application in the chemical,biochemical and petrochemical industries.Most of these applications involve complicate gas–liquid/gas–liquid–solid flow behavior and exothermic process,thus it is necessary to equip the BCR/SBCR with heat exchanger tubes to remove the heat and govern the performance of the reactor.Amounts of experimental and numerical studies have been carried out to describe the phenomena taking place in BCR/SBCRs with heat exchanger tubes.Unfortunately,little effort has been put on reviewing the experiments and simulations for examining the effect of internals on the performance and hydrodynamics of BCR/SBCR.The objective of this work is to give a state-of-the-art review of the literature on the effects of heat exchanger tubes with different types and configurations on flow behavior and heat/mass transfer,then provide adequate information and scientific basis for the design and the development of heat exchanger tubes in BCR/SBCR,ultimately provide reasonable suggestions for better comprehend the performance of different heat exchanger tubes on hydrodynamics.

关键词： internals Hydrodynamics Heat exchanger tube Bubble/slurry bubble column reactors

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