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Prenatal risk factors for internalizing and externalizing problems in childhood

World Journal of Pediatrics 2020年第4期16卷 341-355页

作者： Joyce Tien Gary D.Lewis Jianghong Liu Department of Family and Community Health School of NursingUniversity of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPA19104USA University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences Little RockARUSA

Background A growing body of research has documented the effects of prenatal risk factors on a wide spectrum of adverse offspring health *** behavior problems,such as externalizing and internalizing problems,are no *** comprehensive literature review aims to summarize and synthesize current research about commonly experienced prenatal risk factors associated with internalizing and externalizing problems,with a focus on their impact during childhood and *** mechanisms as well as implications are also *** sources The EBSCO,Web of Science,PubMed,Google Scholar,and Scopus databases were searched for studies examining the association between prenatal risk factors and offspring internalizing/externalizing problems,using keywords“prenatal”or“perinatal”or“birth complications”in combination with“internalizing”or“externalizing”.Relevant articles,including experimental research,systematic reviews,meta-analyses,cross-sectional and longitudinal cohort studies,and theoretical literature,were reviewed and synthesized to form the basis of this integrative *** Prenatal risk factors that have been widely investigated with regards to offspring internalizing and externalizing problems encompass health-related risk factors,including maternal overweight/obesity,substance use/abuse,environmental toxicant exposure,maternal infection/inflammation,as well as psychosocial risk factors,including intimate partner violence,and anxiety/***,both epidemiological and experimental studies support the adverse associations between these prenatal factors and increased risk of emotional/behavioral problem development during childhood and *** mechanisms of action underlying these associations include hormonal and immune system *** include prenatal education,screening,and intervention *** Prenatal risk factors are associated with a constellation of offspring internalizin

关键词： Externalizing internalizing Obstetrical Pregnancy Prenatal risk factors

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Criminality among Former Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Patients and Matched Controls

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Open Journal of Medical Psychology 2017年第1期6卷 16-30页

作者： Anna-Karin Ivert Mike Zyto Hans Adler Marie Torstensson Levander Per Anders Rydelius Sten Levander Department of Criminology Malm&#246 University Malm&#246 Sweden Karolinska Institute Department of Women’s and Children’s Health Astrid Lindgren Children’s Hospital Stockholm Sweden Department of Clinical Sciences Psychiatry Lund University Lund Sweden

Background: Externalizing symptoms in children (aggression, oppositionality, property and status violations), and the Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) triad of problems (inattention, hyperactivity, impulsivity) display a substantial co-morbidity. The “short temper” problem is common to these syndromes, which are predictive of a range of negative life outcomes including substance abuse and criminality in adulthood. There is a gender gap for the syndromes (boys are more affected), for criminality (men are more criminal) and knowledge (we know less about girls’ criminal careers). Aims: The main aim was to compare crime rates and crime profiles among former Child and Adolescent Psychiatric (CAP) patients with corresponding data for matched controls, focusing externalizing and internalizing psychiatric symptoms, sex and adverse social factors. Method: Data for 6055 former CAP-Stockholm outpatients were extracted from available treatment registers. For each CAP patient, two matched controls from the general population were randomly selected from the same area of residence, of the same sex and with the same year of birth (N approx. 12,000). Data on criminality for these individuals were obtained from a Swedish police register which also includes crimes committed prior to age 15. Results: Overall, twice as many former CAP patients were registered for crimes at a mean age of 21.4 compared to the controls. The over-representation was larger for crimes of violence. Females were registered for a much lower number of crimes, particularly crimes of violence (gender gap). The gender gap among the CAP patients was smaller than among controls. Compared with controls, CAP patients characterized by externalizing problems at referral had an odds ratio (OR) for crimes of 5 for males and 10 for females. Neglect was the only adverse social factor which was associated with a higher crime rate and affected boys more than girls. Compared to previous Swedish CAP cohorts, the cr

关键词： Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Criminality Longitudinal Diagnoses Externalizing internalizing Neglect

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