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Bird communities’responses to human-modified landscapes in the southern Anhui Mountainous Area

Avian Research 2022年第1期13卷 49-56页

作者： Xue Wang Guang Zhu Haohao Ma Yi Wu Wenwen Zhang Yong Zhang Chunlin Li Willem F.deBoer School of Resources and Environmental Engineering Anhui UniversityHefei230601China School of Life Sciences Anhui UniversityHefei230601China Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences Ministry of Ecology and EnvironmentNanjing210042China College of Biology and the Environment Nanjing Forestry UniversityNanjing210037China Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecosystem Protection and Restoration Anhui UniversityHefei230601China Wildlife Ecology and Conservation Group Wageningen University&Research6708PBWageningenthe Netherlands

Conversion of natural environments to human-modified landscapes is continuing at an unprecedented rate,exerting fundamental influences on global *** how wildlife communities respond to landscape modifications is critical to improve biodiversity conservation in human-dominated *** this study,we surveyed bird communities in three common habitats(i.e.,farmland,village,and forest)in the southern Anhui Mountainous Area during summer(August 2019)and winter(December 2020).The diversity metrics and species compositions of the avian communities were compared among the habitats,and the effects of land use composition in these habitats were *** the field surveys,we recorded 7599 birds of 120 species along 45 line transects of 1km in *** land use compositions differed among habitats,and land use diversity was the highest in villages and lowest in *** species richness and bird abundance in the two human-dominated habitats(i.e.,farmland and village)were higher than those in forest in both *** species composition also differed across habitat types in both *** species feeding on vertebrates,fish and carrion,and species feeding on plants and seeds were mainly found in habitats with less construction lands and lower land use diversity,while omnivorous species and species feeding on fruits and nectar or on invertebrates were less affected by these two *** indicator species analysis showed that most species associated with forest feed on invertebrates,while species feeding on plants and seeds were more correlated with farmland and *** results indicated that the conversion of natural habitats to human-dominated landscapes has pronounced impacts on bird communities in the study ***-dominated habitats harboured more avian species that deserve conservation ***,bird conservations should not be relaxed in forests because there were more than 20 species that had a high specific

关键词： Community composition Habitat changes Human interference intermediate disturbance hypothesis Species diversity

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Effects of land-use types and the exotic species,Hypochaeris radicata,on plant diversity in human-transformed landscapes of the biosphere reserve,Jeju Island,Korea

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Plant Diversity 2023年第6期45卷 685-693页

作者： Deokjoo Son Bruce Waldman Uhram Song College of Education Department of Science Education Dankook UniversityGyeonggi-do16890Republic of Korea Department of Integrative Biology Oklahoma State UniversityStillwaterOK 74078USA Department of Biology Jeju National UniversityJeju 63243Republic of Korea

Land-use and plant invasion influence *** the effects of land-use types and invasive plants on the ecosystem is crucial for better management and the development of strategic plans for increasing biodiversity in Jeju Island,Korea,a designated Biosphere Reserve by the United Nations Education,Scientific,and Cultural *** effect of the most dominant invasive exotic species,Hypochaeris radicata,on the four land-use types of Jeju Island was *** composition,soil characteristics,and plant diversity among four land-use types(cropland,green space,neglected land,and residential)were *** the land-use types,croplands had the most diverse plant composition and the highest richness in exotic and native plant ***,such as tangerine orchards,which are widely distributed throughout Jeju Island,showed the highest plant diversity because of medium intensity disturbance caused by weed *** relative cover of *** did not differ between land-use ***,*** invasion was negatively related with plant species richness,making this invasive species a threat to the biodiversity of native herbs present in land-use *** adapts to areas with a broad range of soil properties and a variety of land-use ***,it is crucial to monitor land-use types and patterns of plant invasion to guide the implementation of consistent management and conservation strategies for maintaining ecosystem integrity of the transformed habitat in Jeju Island.

关键词： Biosphere reserve Cropland Invasive exotic plant Plant richness intermediate disturbance hypothesis

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Genotypic diversity of a dominant C_(4) grass across a long-term fire frequency gradient

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2013年第6期6卷 448-458页

作者： Cynthia C.Chang Melinda D.Smith Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology Yale UniversityNew HavenCT 06511USA Department of Biology University of WashingtonSeattleWA 98195USA Department of Biology Colorado State UniversityFort CollinsCO 80523USA

Aims and Methods Diversity-disturbance research has focused on community diversity,but disturbance frequency could impact diversity within species as well,with important consequences for community diversity and ecosystem *** examined patterns of genetic diversity of a dominant grass species,Andropogon gerardii,in native North American tallgrass prairie sites located in eastern Kansas that have been subjected to a gradient of fire frequency treatments(burned every 1,2,4 or 20 years)since the *** addition,we were able to assess the relationships between genetic diversity of ***,species diversity and productivity across this range of fire *** Findings We found no significant relationships between genetic diversity of *** at the local scale(1 m^(2) plot level)and disturbance frequency(burned 2 to 32 times over a 38-year period).However,at the site level(*** all plots sampled within a site,~100 m^(2))there were differences in genotype richness and composition,as well as genomic dissimilarity among individuals of *** richness was greatest for the site burned at an intermediate(4-year)frequency and lowest for the infrequently(20-year)burned *** addition,genotypes found in the frequently burned sites were more similar from each other than expected by random chance than those found in the infrequently burned *** composition of *** was not significantly different between the frequently burned sites(annual vs.2 year)but did differ between frequently burned and infrequently burned sites(1 and 2 year vs.4 and 20 year,etc.).Together,these results suggest site-level ecological sorting of genotypes in intact prairie across a broad gradient of disturbance frequencies,likely driven by alterations in environmental *** fire promotes the abundance of dominant grass species,reduces plant community diversity and impacts ecosystem processes such as *** study suggests that

关键词： Andropogon gerardii disturbance frequency genetic relatedness genetic-species diversity relationship genotype richness intermediate disturbance hypothesis productivity tallgrass prairie

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Influence of experimental soil disturbances on the diversity of plants in agricultural grasslands

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2014年第6期7卷 509-517页

作者： Jörg Müller Johannes Heinze Jasmin Joshi Steffen Boch Valentin H.Klaus Markus Fischer Daniel Prati Institute of Biochemistry and BiologyUniversity of PotsdamMaulbeerallee 114469 PotsdamGermany Freie Universität Berlin Institut für BiologieBerlin-Brandenburg Institute of Advanced Biodiversity ResearchAltensteinstrasse 614195 BerlinGermany Institute of Plant Sciences University of BernAltenbergrain 213013 BernSwitzerland Institute of Landscape Ecology University of MünsterHeisenbergstr.248149 MünsterGermany Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre BIK-F Senckenberg Gesellschaft für Naturforschung603257 FrankfurtGermany

Aims and Methods disturbance is supposed to play an important role for biodiversity and ecosystem stability as described by the intermediate disturbance hypoth-esis(IDH),which predicts highest species richness at intermediate levels of *** this study,we tested the effects of artificial soil distur-bances on diversity of annual and perennial vascular plants and bryo-phytes in a field experiment in 86 agricultural grasslands differing in land use in two regions of *** each grassland,we implemented four treatments:three treatments differing in application time of soil dis-turbances and one *** year after experimental disturbance,we recorded vegetation and measured biomass productivity and bare *** analysed the disturbance response taking effects of region and land-use-accompanied disturbance regimes into *** Findings Region and land-use type strongly determined plant species *** disturbances had small positive effects on the species richness of annuals,but none on perennials or *** ground was positively related to species richness of ***,exceeding the creation of 12%bare ground further distur-bance had a detrimental effect on bryophyte species richness,which corresponds to the *** biomass productivity was unaffected by disturbance our results indicate that the disturbance effect on spe-cies richness of annuals was not due to decreased overall produc-tivity,but rather due to short-term lowered inter-and intraspecific competition at the newly created ***,our results highlight the importance of soil disturbances for species richness of annual plants and bryophytes in agricultural ***,most grasslands were disturbed naturally or by land-use practices and our additional experimental soil dis-turbances only had a small short-term ***,total plant diversity in grasslands seemed to be more limited by the availabil-ity of propagules rather tha

关键词： annuals bryophytes colonization intermediate disturbance hypothesis microsites

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Species diversity and regeneration of old-growth seasonally dry Shorea robusta forests following gap formation

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Journal of Forestry Research 2009年第1期20卷 7-14页

作者： Indra Prasad Sapkota Mulualem Tigabu Per Christer Oden Department of Forest Genetics and Plant Physiology Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences SE-901 83 Umea Sweden.

Diversity and regeneration of woody species were investigated in two ecological niches viz. gap and intact vegetation in old-growth seasonally dry Shorea robusta （Gaertn. f.） forests in Nepal. We also related varieties of diversity measures and regeneration at- tributes to gap characteristics. Stem density of tree and shrub components is higher in the gap than in the intact vegetation. Seedling densities of S. robusta and Terminalia alata （B. Heyne ex Roth.） are higher in the gap than in the intact vegetation, while contrary result is observed for T. bellirica （Gaertn. ex Roxb.） and Syzigium cumini （L. Skeels） in term of seedling density. The complement of Simpson index, Evenness index, and species-individual ratio in the seedling layer are lower in the gap than the intact vegetation. Gap size can explain species richness and species establishment rate. Gaps created by multiple tree falls in different years have higher seedling density of S. robusta than gaps created by single and/or multiple tree falls in the same year. In conclusion, gaps maintain species diversity by increasing seedling density, and favor regeneration of Sal forests. In addition to gap size, other gap attributes also affect species diversity and regeneration.

关键词： Canopy gap intermediate disturbance hypothesis Nepal Sal (Shorea robusta Gaertn. f.) forest

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