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Atomic-scale mechanism of effect of co-separation of elements at interface of ferrite and austenite on Cr-depleted zone of duplex stainless steel

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research(International) 2024年第3期31卷 710-718页

作者： Yan-hui Hou Ze-kun Xu Shi-long Zhou Guang-qiang Li The State Key Laboratory of Refractories and Metallurgy Wuhan University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430081HubeiChina Key Laboratory for Ferrous Metallurgy and Resources Utilization of Ministry of Education Wuhan University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430081HubeiChina

Three-dimensional atom-probe tomography and first-principles calculation combined with density functional theory were used to study the effect of the co-segregation of different elements formed during the solidification process of S32205 duplex stainless steel on the Cr-depleted zone at the interface between ferrite and austenite.It was found that the co-segregation of different elements formed during the solidification process of duplex stainless steel can also form Cr-depleted zone at the interface between ferrite and austenite.Moreover,Mo,Si,B,C and P atoms promote co-segregation with Cr atoms,which promotes the formation of Cr-depleted zone at the interface between ferrite and austenite in duplex stainless steel.Mo and Si strongly promote the segregation of Cr at the interface between ferrite and austenite,thereby promoting the formation of Cr-depleted zone.B,C and P elements also promote the segregation of Cr element at the interface between ferrite and austenite and the formation of Cr-depleted zone,but their effect is weaker than that of Mo and Si elements.These conclusions provide a new theoretical basis for improving the intergranular corrosion performance of duplex stainless steel.

关键词： Duplex stainless steel Cr-depleted zone intergranular corrosion Co-segregation First-principles calculation

Effects of Spinning Process on intergranular corrosion Behavior of 5A06 Aluminum Alloy

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Journal of Wuhan University of Technology(Materials Science) 2023年第1期38卷 231-236页

作者：张谦君付永康 ZHAO Wenlong 李青 ZHANG Rulin GUO Yong LI Rongbin School of Materials Science Shanghai Dianji UniversityShanghai 201306China Hiwing Aerospace Materials Research Institute(SuZhou)Company Limited Suzhou 215100China School of Electrical Engineering Shanghai Dianji UniversityShanghai 201306China

Aluminum alloy tubes were prepared by tube spinning.The intergranular and electrochemical corrosion tests were used to investigate the intergranular corrosion behavior of the 5A06 aluminum alloy blank sample and the spinning sample.Results showed that the intergranular corrosion resistance of the spinning sample was higher than that of the blank sample.In addition,the electrochemical corrosion resistance of the spinning sample was higher than that of the blank sample.The EDS maps indicated a uniform element distribution pattern of aluminum and magnesium.Moreover,the phase composition and lattice constant of the samples were obtained by XRD analysis.The differences in microstructure between the aluminum alloy subjected to the spinning process and the untreated aluminum alloy were determined by EBSD.The differences were mainly attributed to the complex interactions among grain size,dislocations and grain boundaries.

关键词： spinning process 5A06 aluminum alloy intergranular corrosion EBSD

intergranular corrosion behavior of high nitrogen austenitic stainless steel

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2009年第6期16卷 654-660页

作者： Hua-bing Li Zhou-hua Jiang Zu-rui Zhang Yang Cao Yan Yang School of Materials and Metallurgy Northeastern University Shenyang 110004 China

The intergranular corrosion （IGC） behavior of high nitrogen austenitic stainless steel （HNSS） sensitization treated at 650-950℃ was investigated by the double loop electrochemical potentiodynamic reactivation （DL-EPR） method. The effects of the electrolytes, scan rate, sensitizing temperature on the susceptibility to IGC of HNSS were examined. The results show that the addi-tion of NaCl is an effective way to improve the formation of the cracking of a passive film in chromium-depleted zones during the reactivation scan. Decreasing the scan rate exhibits an obvious effect on the breakdown of the passive film. A solution with 2 mol/L H2SO4＋1 mol/L NaCl＋0.01 mol/L KSCN is suitable to check the susceptibility to IGC of HNSS at a sensitizing temperature of 650-950℃ at a suitable scan rate of 1.667 mV/s. Chromium depletion of HNSS is attributed to the precipitation of Cr2N which results in the susceptibility to IGC. The synergistic effect of Mo and N is suggested to play an important role in stabilizing the passive film to prevent the attack of IGC.

关键词： intergranular corrosion high nitrogen austenitic stainless steel sensitization passive film chromium depletion

Current-driving intergranular corrosion performance regeneration below the precipitates solvus temperature in Al–Mg alloy

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2020年第18期52卷 132-139页

作者： Di Zhang Zhen Zhang Yanlin Pan Yanbin Jiang Linzhong Zhuang Jishan Zhang Xinfang Zhang State Key Laboratory of Advanced Metals and Materials University of Science and Technology Beijing.Beijing 100083China School of Materials Science and Engineering.Central South University Changsha 410083China School of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering.University of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing 100083China

Heat treatment is an effective method to improve the intergranular corrosion resistance of the sensitized Al–Mg alloy due to dissolution of the grain boundary precipitates above the solvus temperature ofβ-phase.The grain boundary precipitates will grow and coarsening below the solvus temperature.In this study,the in-situ intergranular corrosion performance regeneration of the sensitized Al–Mg alloy can be realized by low-density electro-pulsing treatment below the solvus temperature ofβ-phase.Our findings show that the dissolution of grain boundary precipitates by electro-pulsing treatment is accelerated at relatively low temperature in comparison to traditional heat treatment.The athermal effect produced by the interaction between atoms and electrons on the dissolution of grain boundary precipitates is the main reason for the improved corrosion resistance below the solvus temperature ofβ-phase.

关键词： Aluminium alloys Phase transformation kinetics Electro-pulsing treatment intergranular corrosion

Investigation of Susceptibility to intergranular corrosion of Tin-Added Austenitic Stainless Steel

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2015年第9期28卷 1183-1189页

作者： Min Sun Yuan-Yuan Yang Ming Luo Lai-Zhu Jiang Yi-Ming Jiang Jin Li Department of Materials Science Fudan University Research and Development Center Baosteel Co. Ltd.

The intergranular corrosion （IGC） character of tin-added B316LX and the influence of tin addition on IGC susceptibility were investigated by DL-EPR, oxalic acid etch test and transmission electron microscopy. IGC susceptibility of B316LX is mainly caused by the precipitation of M23C6 carbide and intermetallic Laves phase. DL-EPR test is unsuitable to evaluate the IGC susceptibility of B316LX with long-time sensitization, because more carbides and inter- metallic phases are formed at grain boundaries and inside the grains, which induce more severe IGC and pits attacks. Tin addition increases the IGC susceptibility, maybe due to diffusion of tin toward grain boundaries.

关键词： Stainless steel Tin SEM TEM intergranular corrosion

Application of Grain Boundary Engineering to Improve intergranular corrosion Resistance in a Fe–Cr–Mn–Mo–N High-Nitrogen and Nickel-Free Austenitic Stainless Steel

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2020年第6期33卷 789-798页

作者： Feng Shi Ruo-Han Gao Xian-Jun Guan Chun-Ming Liu Xiao-Wu Li Department of Materials Physics and Chemistry School of Materials Science and EngineeringNortheastern UniversityShenyang 110819China Key Laboratory for Anisotropy and Texture of Materials(Ministry of Education) Northeastern UniversityShenyang 110819China

Optimization of grain boundary engineering(GBE) process is explored in a Fe–20Cr–19Mn–2Mo–0.82N high-nitrogen and nickel-free austenitic stainless steel, and its intergranular corrosion(IGC) property after GBE treatment is experimentally evaluated. The proportion of low Σ coincidence site lattice(CSL) boundaries reaches 79.4% in the sample processed with 5% cold rolling and annealing at 1423 K for 72 h;there is an increase of 32.1% compared with the solution-treated sample. After grain boundary character distribution optimization, IGC performance is noticeably improved. Only Σ3 boundaries in the special boundaries are resistant to IGC under the experimental condition. The size of grain cluster enlarges with increasing fraction of low ΣCSL boundaries, and the amount of Σ3 boundaries interrupting the random boundary network increases during growth of the clusters, which is the essential reason for the improvement of IGC resistance.

关键词： High-nitrogen and nickel-free austenitic stainless steel Grain boundary engineering Electron backscatter diffraction(EBSD) LowΣcoincidence site lattice boundary intergranular corrosion

Acoustic emission detection of 316L stainless steel welded joints during intergranular corrosion

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2015年第9期22卷 942-949页

作者： Meng-yu Chai Quan Duan Wen-jie Bai Zao-xiao Zhang Xu-meng Xie School of Chemical Engineering and Technology Xi'an Jiaotong University Zhejiang Provincial Special Equipment Inspection Institute

This study analyzes acoustic emission （AE） signals during the intergranular corrosion （IGC） process of 316L stainless steel welded joints under different welding currents in boiling nitric acid. IGC generates several AE signals with high AE activity. The AE technique could hardly distinguish IGC in stainless steel welded joints with different welding heat inputs. However, AE signals can effectively distinguish IGC characteristics in different corrosion stages. The IGC resistance of a heat-affected zone is lower than that of a weld zone. The initiation and rapid corrosion stages can be distinguished using AE results and microstructural analysis. Moreover, energy count rate and amplitude are considered to be ideal parameters for characterizing different IGC processes. Two types of signals are detected in the rapid corrosion stage. It can be concluded that grain boundary corrosion and grain separation are the AE sources of type 1 and type 2, respectively.

关键词： stainless steel intergranular corrosion acoustic emission microstructure weight loss

intergranular corrosion AND PHOSPHOR SEGREGATION AT GRAIN BOUNDAR1FS OF NON-SENSITIZED SUPERPURE AUSTENITIC STAINLESS STEEL 00Cr25Ni22Mo2N

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 1990年第9期3卷 156-160页

作者： FANG Yaohua Nanjing Institute of Chemical Technology,Nanjing,ChinaXU Yuan ZHANG Wenqi University of Science and Technology Beijing,Beijing,China FANG Yaohua Associate Professor,Dept.of Applied Chemistry,Nanjing Institute of Chemical Technology,Nanjing 210009,China

The corrosion behaviour and mechanism of superpure austenitic stainless steel 00Cr25Ni22Mo2N in urea processing environment was studied using metallography,SEM, TEM,SIMS and AES techniques.The results show that the gas extraction tube made of non-sensitized 00Cr25Ni22Mo2N steel suffered intergranular corrosion.Corrosive media penetrated not only into the tube wall through grain boundaries but also expanded from the boundary towards the interior of the grain.Neither depletion of Cr nor precipitates were found at the grain boundaries.However,P(and Si)was segregated at the grain boundaries to a great extent.Semiquantitative calculation indicates that the P content at the grain boundaries is about 25 wt-%,three orders of magnitude higher than the content within the grain.Sugges- tion is made that the potential difference between the grain and its boundary due to the segre- gation results in the observed intergranular corrosion.

关键词： superpure austenitic stainless steel intergranular corrosion P(Si)segregation

Nonequilibrium Grain Boundary Segregation of Sulfur and Its Effect on intergranular corrosion for 304 Stainless Steel

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research(International) 2011年第6期18卷 61-66页

作者： WANG Kai XU Ting-dong SHAO Chong YANG Chun Superalloy Department Central Iron and Steel Research Institute Beijing 100081 China National Analysis Center of Iron and Steel Central Iron and Steel Research Institute Beijing 100081 China

The data obtained by bending tests for intergranular embrittlement after 45 h and 450 h exposure to Strauss solution have been reported for 304 stainless steel. The results show that an embrittlement peak appears at 650℃ for all samples quenched from 1260℃ and then sensitized for 150 h at 480, 565, 650, 730, 815 and 900℃ respectively. The temperature corresponding to the embrittlement peak is decreased to 565℃ when the sensitizing time is prolonged to 1 500 h. In this paper, these data are analyzed with an isothermal kinetic model of nonequilibrium grain boundary segregation, indicating that the embrittlement peak is related to the critical time for nonequilibrium grain boundary segregation of sulfur.

关键词： stainless steel intergranular corrosion nonequilibrium segregation grain boundary sulfur