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intercomparison of the Extended Reconstructed Sea Surface Temperature v4 and v3b Datasets

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Journal of Ocean University of China 2018年第2期17卷 209-218页

作者： WANG Jinping CHEN Xianyao Department of Oceanography College of Oceanic and Atmospheric Sciences Ocean University of China Physical Oceanography Laboratory/CIMST Ocean University of China and Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology

Version 4(v4) of the Extended Reconstructed Sea Surface Temperature(ERSST) dataset is compared with its precedent, the widely used version 3b(v3b). The essential upgrades applied to v4 lead to remarkable differences in the characteristics of the sea surface temperature(SST) anomaly(SSTa) in both the temporal and spatial domains. First, the largest discrepancy of the global mean SSTa values around the 1940 s is due to ship-observation corrections made to reconcile observations from buckets and engine intake thermometers. Second, differences in global and regional mean SSTa values between v4 and v3b exhibit a downward trend(around-0.032℃ per decade) before the 1940s, an upward trend(around 0.014℃ per decade) during the period of 1950–2015, interdecadal oscillation with one peak around the 1980s, and two troughs during the 1960s and 2000s, respectively. This does not derive from treatments of the polar or the other data-void regions, since the difference of the SSTa does not share the common features. Third, the spatial pattern of the ENSO-related variability of v4 exhibits a wider but weaker cold tongue in the tropical region of the Pacific Ocean compared with that of v3b, which could be attributed to differences in gap-filling assumptions since the latter features satellite observations whereas the former features in situ ones. This intercomparison confirms that the structural uncertainty arising from underlying assumptions on the treatment of diverse SST observations even in the same SST product family is the main source of significant SST differences in the temporal domain. Why this uncertainty introduces artificial decadal oscillations remains unknown.

关键词： ERSST datasets sea surface temperature global warming Arctic data intercomparison

intercomparison of NO_x, SO_2, O_3, and Aromatic Hydrocarbons Measured by a Commercial DOAS System and Traditional Point Monitoring Techniques

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2004年第2期21卷 211-219页

作者：谢品华刘文清付强王瑞斌刘建国魏庆农 Anhui Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics Chinese Academy of Sciences Hefei 230031 China National Environmental Monitoring Center Beijing 100029

A field-based intercomparison study of a commercial Differential Optical Absorption Spectroscopy (DOAS) instrument (OPSIS AB, Sweden) and different point-sample monitoring techniques (PM, based on an air monitoring station, an air monitoring vehicle, and various chemical methods) was conducted in Beijing from October 1999 to January 2000. The mixing ratios of six trace gases including NO, NO2, SO2, O3, benzene, and toluene were monitored continuously during the four months. A good agreement between the DOAS and PM data was found for NO2 and SO2. However, the concentrations of benzene, toluene, and NO obtained by DOAS were significantly lower than those measured by the point monitors. The ozone levels monitored by the DOAS were generally higher than those measured by point monitors. These results may be attributed to a strong vertical gradient of the NO-O3-NO2 system and of the aromatics at the measurement site. Since the exact data evaluation algorithm is not revealed by the manufacturer of the DOAS system, the error in the DOAS analysis can also not be excluded.

关键词： Differential optical absorption spectroscopy urban air pollution intercomparison remote-sensing technique

An intercomparison of ozone taken from the Copernicus atmosphere monitoring service and the second Modern-Era retrospective analysis for research and applications over China during 2018 and 2019

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2022年第4期34卷 514-525页

作者： Yujing Zhang Jie Li Jianjun Li Xiaole Pan Wei Wang Lili Zhu Zixi Wang Xueshun Chen Wenyi Yang Zifa Wang The State Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Physics and Atmospheric Chemistry Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China College of Earth and Planetary Sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Center for Excellence in Regional Atmospheric Environment Institute of Urban EnvironmentChinese Academy of SciencesXiamen 361021China China National Environmental Monitoring Center Beijing 100012China

Spatiotemporal variations of ozone(O_(3))taken from the Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service(CAMS)and the second Modern-Era Retrospective Analysis for Research and Applications(MERRA-2)were intercompared and evaluated with ground and ozone-sonde observations over China in 2018 and *** of the surface ozone from CAMS and MERRA-2 reanalysis showed significant negative bias(CAMS minus MERRA-2,same below)at Tibetan Plateau of up to 80μg/m^(3),and the average R^(2)was about 0.6 across *** with the ground observations from China National Environmental Monitoring Center(CNEMC),we found that CAMS and MERRA-2 reanalysis were capable of capturing the key patterns of monthly and diurnal variations of surface ozone over China except for the western region,and MERRA-2 overestimated the observations compared to ***,the CAMS profiles overestimated the ozone-sonde from the World Ozone and Ultraviolet Radiation Data Center(WOUDC)above 200 h Pa with the magnitude reaching up to 150μg/m3,while little bias was found between the reanalysis and observations below 200 h *** drawn from the vertical distribution between CAMS and MERRA-2 reanalysis showed that the negative bias appeared throughout the troposphere over China,while the positive bias emerged in the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere(UTLS)with high order of magnitude exceeding 100μg/m^(3),indicating large uncertainties at higher *** summary,we concluded that CAMS reanalysis showed better agreement with the observations in contrast to MERRA-2,and the large discrepancy especially at higher altitudes between these two reanalysis datasets could not be ignored.

关键词： CAMS MERRA-2 Ozone intercomparison

Validation and intercomparison of HY-2A/MetOp-A/Oceansat-2 scatterometer wind products

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Chinese Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2015年第5期33卷 1181-1190页

作者：吴庆陈戈 Department of Marine Technology College of Information Science and EngineeringOcean University of China Qingdao Collaborative Innovation Center of Marine Science and Technology College of Information Science and EngineeringOcean University of China

Sea surface winds are of great significance in scientific research. In the last few years,three series of scatterometers were launched to measure these winds,including the Advanced Scatterometer(ASCAT) aboard Meteorological Operational Satellite A(Met Op-A) and Met Op-B,Oceansat-2 Scatterometer(OSCAT),and HY-2A Scatterometer(HY-2A SCAT). Based on buoy wind data,validation and intercomparison of these scatterometers were performed. Scatterometer-derived wind and buoy wind data were collected only if the spatial difference was less than 0.1 degree and temporal difference less than 5 min. After discarding wind direction data outside five times the standard deviation,ASCAT wind products showed high accuracy in both wind speed and direction,with root-mean-square error(RMSE) 0.86 m/s and 17.97 degrees,respectively. HY-2A SCAT nearly meets the mission requirement,with RMSE for wind speed 1.23 m/s and 22.85 degrees for wind direction. OSCAT had poor performance when compared with the others. RMSE for wind speed was 1.54 m/s and 39.86 degrees for wind direction,which greatly exceeds the mission requirement of 20 degrees. In addition,the RMSE for wind direction shows a high-low pattern on buoy wind speed. However,a wind speed range from 14 to 15 m/s was found to be abnormal,and the reason remains unclear. There was no systematic dependency of both wind speed and direction residuals on buoy wind speed and cross-track location of the wind vector cells across the entire range. No seasonal variation was found for any scatterometer.

关键词： scatterometer wind validation intercomparison

Simulation of the Interface between the Indian Summer Monsoon and the East Asian Summer Monsoon:intercomparison between MPI-ESM and ECHAM5/MPI-OM

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2016年第3期33卷 294-308页

作者： Yiran GUO Jie CAO Hui LI Jian WANG Yuchao DING Department of Atmospheric Sciences Yunnan UniversityKunming 650091 Yunnan Key Laboratory of International Rivers and Transboundary Eco-security Kunming 650091

The time-mean and interannual variability of the interface between the Indian summer monsoon and East Asian summer monsoon （IIE） was assessed using both Max-Planck-Institute Earth System Model （MPI-ESM） and ECHAM5/MPI-OM and by calculating diagnostics and skill metrics around the IIE area. Progress has been made in modeling these aspects by moving from ECHAM5/MPI-OM to MPI-ESM. MPI-ESM is more skillful than ECHAM5/MPI-OM in modeling the time-mean state and the extreme condition of the IIE. Though simulation of the interannual variability significantly deviates to some extent in both MPI-ESM and ECHAM5/MPI-OM, MPI-ESM-LR shows better skill in reflecting the relationship among sea surface temperature anomalies over the Pacific, circulation anomalies over East Asia, and liE variability. The temperature becomes warmer under the RCP2.6 and RCP8.5 scenarios in comparison with the historical experiments, but the position of the liE and the key physical process in relation to the IIE variability almost remains the same, suggesting that the Indian summer monsoon tends to change in phase with the East Asian summer monsoon under each RCP scenario. The relatively realistic description of the physical processes modulated by terrain in MPI-ESM may be one of the most important reasons why MPI-ESM performs better in simulating the liE.

关键词： Asian summer monsoon IIE MPI-ESM ECHAM5/MPI-OM intercomparison

A case study for intercomparison of land surface temperature retrieved from GOES and MODIS

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International Journal of Digital Earth 2015年第6期8卷 476-494页

作者： Donglian Sun Yunyue Yu Hequn Yang Li Fang Qinhuo Liu Jiancheng Shi Department of Geography and Geoinformation Science George Mason UniversityFairfaxVAUSA NOAA/NESDIS College ParkMDUSA Shanghai Meteorological Bureau ShanghaiP.R.China State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science Institute for Remote Sensing Applications and Digital EarthChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingP.R.China

In recent years,algorithms have been developed to derive land surface temperature(LST)from geostationary and polar satellite ***,few works have addressed the intercomparison between Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellites(GOES)and the available suite of polar *** this study,differences in LSTs between GOES and MODerate resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer(MODIS)have been compared and also evaluated against ground *** to the lack of split-window(SW)channels in the GOES M(12)-Q era,a dual-window algorithm using a mid-infrared 3.9µm channel is compared with traditional SW *** is found that the differences in LST between different platforms are bigger during daytime than those during *** daytime,LSTs from GOES with the dualwindow algorithm are warmer than MODIS LSTs,while LSTs from the SW algorithm are close to MODIS *** difference during daytime is found to be related to anisotropy in satellite viewing geometry,and land surface properties,such as vegetation cover and especially surface emissivity at middle infrared(MIR)*** evaluated against ground observations,the standard deviation(precision)error(2.35 K)from the dual window algorithm is worse than that(1.83 K)from the SW algorithm,indicating the lack of split-window channel in the GOES M(12)-Q era may degrade the performance of LST retrievals.

关键词： land surface temperature GOES-West GOES-East MODIS intercomparison

基于国际大气化学—气候模式比较计划模式数据评估未来气候变化对中国东部气溶胶浓度的影响

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大气科学 2017年第4期41卷 739-751页

作者：刘瑞金廖宏常文渊张天航靳少非中国科学院大气物理研究所大气边界层物理和大气化学国家重点实验室北京100029 中国科学院大学北京100049 南京信息工程大学环境科学与工程学院南京210044 中国气象局国家气象中心北京100081 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所湿地生态与环境重点实验室长春130102

气候变化引起的地面气溶胶浓度变化与区域空气质量密切相关。本文利用"国际大气化学—气候模式比较计划"(Atmospheric Chemistry and Climate Model intercomparison Project,ACCMIP)中4个模式的试验数据分析了RCP8.5情景下2000~2100年... 详细信息

气候变化引起的地面气溶胶浓度变化与区域空气质量密切相关。本文利用"国际大气化学—气候模式比较计划"(Atmospheric Chemistry and Climate Model intercomparison Project,ACCMIP)中4个模式的试验数据分析了RCP8.5情景下2000~2100年气候变化对中国气溶胶浓度的影响。结果显示,在人为气溶胶排放固定在2000年、仅考虑气候变化的影响时,2000~2100年气候变化导致中国北部地区(31°N^45°N,105°E^122°E)硫酸盐、有机碳和黑碳气溶胶分别增加28%、21%和9%,硝酸盐气溶胶在中国东部地区减少30%。气候变化对细颗粒物(PM_(2.5))浓度的影响有显著的季节变化特征,冬季PM_(2.5)浓度在中国东部减少15%,这主要是由硝酸盐气溶胶在冬季的显著减少造成的;夏季PM_(2.5)浓度在中国北部地区增加16%,而长江以南地区减少为9%,这可能与模式模拟的未来东亚夏季风环流的增强有关。

关键词： ACCMIP(Atmospheric Chemistry and Climate Model intercomparison Project) 气候变化人为气溶胶 PM2.5

An online monitoring system for atmospheric nitrous acid(HONO) based on stripping coil and ion chromatography

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2013年第5期25卷 895-907页

作者： Peng Cheng Yafang Cheng Keding Lu Hang Su Qiang Yang Yikan Zou Yanran Zhao Huabing Dong Limin Zeng Yuanhang Zhang State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control College of Environmental Sciences and EngineeringPeking University Multiphase Chemistry Department Max Planck Institute for ChemistryMainz 55128Germany School of Chemical Engineering & Environment Beijing Institute of Technology State Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Physics and Atmospheric Chemistry Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of Sciences

A new instrument for measuring atmospheric nitrous acid（HONO） was developed,consisting of a double-wall glass stripping coil sampler coupled with ion chromatography（SC-IC）.SC-IC is featured by small size（50 × 35 × 25 cm） and modular construction,including three independent parts：the sampling unit,the transfer and supporting unit,and the detection *** collection efficiency（〉 99%） was achieved with 25 μmol/L Na2CO3 as absorption solution even in the presence of highly acidic *** instrument has a detection limit of 8 pptv at 15 min time resolution,with a measurement uncertainty of 7%.Potential interferences from NOx,NO2＋SO2,NO2＋VOCs,HONO＋O3,HNO3,peroxyacetyl nitrite（PAN） and particle nitrite were quantified in laboratory studies and were found to be insignificant under typical atmospheric *** the framework of the 3C-STAR project,inter-comparison between the SC-IC and LOPAP（long path liquid absorption photometer） was conducted at a rural site in the Pearl River *** agreement was achieved between the two instruments over three *** instruments determined a clear diurnal profile of ambient HONO concentrations from 0.1 to 2.5 ***,deviations were found for low ambient HONO concentrations（i.e.〈 0.3 ppbv）,which cannot be explained by previous investigated interference *** accurately determine the HONO budget under illuminated conditions,more intercomparison of HONO measurement techniques is still needed in future studies,especially at low HONO concentrations.

关键词： interferences intercomparison

A cautionary note on decadal sea level pressure predictions from GCMs

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Advances in Climate Change Research 2018年第1期9卷 43-56页

作者： Stefan LIESS Peter K.SNYDER Arjun KUMAR Vipin KUMAR Department of Earth Sciences University of MinnesotaMinneapolis MN 55455USA Department of Soil Waterand ClimateUniversity of MinnesotaSt.Paul MN 55108USA Computer Science&Engineering University of MinnesotaMinneapolis MN 55455USA

A comparison of sea level pressure(SLP)trends in a subset of seven Coupled Model intercomparison Project(CMIP)phase 5 general circulation models(GCM),namely decadal simulations with CCSM4,CanCM4,MPI-ESM-LR,FGOALS-g2,MIROC4h,MIROC5,and MRICGCM3,to their CMIP3 counterparts reveals an unrealistically strong forecast skill in CMIP3 models for trend predictions for 2001e2011 when using the 1979e2000 period to train the ***-winter SLP trends over five high-,mid-,and low-latitude zones were calculated over the 1979e2000 initialization period for each ensemble member and then ranked based on their performance relative to HadSLP2 *** same method is used to rank the ensemble members during the 2001e2011 *** CMIP3,17 out of 38 ensemble members retain their rank in the 2001e2011 hindcast period and 3 retain the neighboring ***,numbers are much lower in more recent CMIP5 decadal predictions over the similar 2001e2010 period when using the 1981e2000 period as initialization with the same number of *** periods were used for CMIP3 and CMIP5 because although the 1979e2000 initialization is widely used for CMIP3,CMIP5 decadal predictions are only available for 30-year *** conclusion to consider the forecast skill in CMIP3 predictions during 2001e2011 as unrealistic is corroborated by comparisons to earlier periods from the 1960s to the 1980s in both CMIP3 and CMIP5 ***,although the 2001e2011 CMIP3 predictions show statistically significant forecast skill,this skill should be treated as a spurious result that is unlikely to be reproduced by newer more accurate GCMs.

关键词： sea level pressure CMIP3 Coupled Model intercomparison Project