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Effects of anode material on the evolution of anode plasma and characteristics of intense electron beam diode

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Plasma Science and Technology 2023年第9期25卷 82-90页

作者：华叶吴平万红白书欣龚瑾瑜朱梦白现臣张广帅 Key Laboratory of Advanced Science and Technology on High Power Microwave Northwest Institute of Nuclear TechnologyXi’an 710024People’s Republic of China College of Aerospace Science and Engineering National University of Defense TechnologyChangsha 410073People’s Republic of China

In this paper,three kinds of materials including graphite,titanium(Ti)and molybdenum(Mo)are used as anodes to figure out the influence factors of anode material on the characteristics of the intense electron beam *** results show that the characteristics of diode are mainly determined by the cathode plasma motion under a 15 mm diode gap,in which the typical electron beam parameters are 280 kV,3.5 *** the diode gap is reduced to 5 mm,the voltage of the electron beam reduces to about 200 kV,and its current increases to more than 8.2 *** is calculated that the surface temperatures of Ti and Mo anodes are higher than their melting *** diode plasma luminescence images show that Ti and Mo anodes produce plasmas soon after the bombardment of electron *** and Mo lines are respectively found in the plasma composition of Ti and Mo anode *** melting traces are also observed on Ti and Mo anodes by comparing the micromorphologies before and after bombardment of the electron *** results suggest that the time of anode plasma generation is closely related to the anode *** with graphite,metal Ti and Mo anodes are more likely to produce large amounts of plasma due to their more significant temperature rise *** to the moment that anode plasma begins to generate,the average expansion velocities of cathode and anode plasma are estimated by fitting the improved space-charge limited flow *** reveals that generation and motion of the anode plasma significantly affect the characteristics of intense electron beam diode.

关键词： anode material anode plasma intense electron beam plasma expanding velocity

Using a pre-kicker to ensure safe extractions from the HEPS storage ring

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2021年第12期32卷 26-36页

作者： Zhe Duan Jin-Hui Chen Hua Shi Guang-Yi Tang Lei Wang Yu-Wen Wu Key Laboratory of Particle Acceleration Physics and Technology Institute of High Energy PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Institute of High Energy Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Dongguan Neutron Science Center Dongguan 523800China

The High Energy Photon Source(HEPS)is a 6 GeV diffraction-limited storage ring light source under *** swap-out injection is adopted with the depleted bunch recycled via high-energy accumulation in the *** extremely high beam energy density of the bunches with an ultra-low emittance(about 30 pm horizontally and 3 pm vertically)and high bunch charges(from 1.33 to 14.4 nC)extracted from the storage ring could cause hazardous damage to the extraction Lambertson magnet in case of extraction kicker *** this end,we proposed the use of a pre-kicker to spoil the bunches prior to extraction,significantly reducing the maximum beam energy density down to within a safe region while still maintaining highly efficient *** main parameters of the pre-kicker are simulated and discussed.

关键词： Pre-kicker The high energy photon source intense electron beam Diffraction-limited storage ring Extraction Lambertson magnet

Relation between space-charge-limiting current and electric field enhancement factor at curved surface cathode

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Chinese Physics B 2010年第7期19卷 394-398页

作者：刘国治杨占峰 Key Laboratory for Physical electronics and Devices of the Ministry of Education Xi'an Jiaotong University Northwest Institute of Nuclear Technology

A two-dimensional solution of space-charge-limiting current for a high current vacuum diode with a spherical cathode is presented. The relation between space-charge-limiting current and electric field enhancement factor at the cathode surface for the diode with a curved surface cathode is also discussed. It is shown that compared with the current given by the conventional Child-Langmuir law, which describes the one-dimensional space-charege-limiting current, the two-dimensional space-charge-limiting current in such a diode is enhanced due to the electric-field enhancement along the cathode surface. Among practical parameter ranges, enhancement factor ηb approximately satisfies ηb Aβn, where β is the electric field enhancement factor at the cathode surface, and n is a constant between 1 and 2, which is confirmed to be universal for the diodes with curved surface cathodes.

关键词： diode space-charge-limiting current intense electron beam

Theoretical investigation of an electron beam propagating through a wide gap cavity

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Chinese Physics B 2008年第3期17卷 939-942页

作者：宋玮林郁正刘国治邵浩 Department of Engineering Physics Tsinghua University Northwest Institute of Nuclear Technology

This paper presents a self-consistent nonlinear theory of the current and energy modulations when an electron beam propagates through an inductively-loaded wide gap cavity. The integro-differential equations axe obtained to describe the modulation of the beam current and kinetic energy. A relativistic klystron amplifier （RKA） model is introduced, which uses an inductively-loaded wide gap cavity as an input cavity. And a numerical code is developed for the extended model based on the equations, from which some relations about the modulated current and modulated energy are numerically given.

关键词： RKA wide gap cavity intense electron beam modulation

I-V characteristics of foilless diodes

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Chinese Physics B 2005年第5期14卷 949-952页

作者：刘国治黄文华杨占峰 NorthwestInstituteofNuclearTechnology Xi'an710024China NorthwestInstituteofNuclearTechnology Xi'an710024China

Some physical characteristics of foilless diodes are obtained and analysed by numerical simulations. Relations between diode current and configuration parameters, i.e. diode voltage and external magnetic field, are investigated. Employing these relations and assuming that the external magnetic field is strong enough, the diode current can be approximately written as Ib = (7.5/x)(x+(0.81?x)/(1+0.7Ld2/δr))(γ02/3?1)3/2, in which Ld is the Anode–Cathode (AK) gap, Rc the outer radius of cathode and Rp the radius of drifting tube; x = ln (Rp/Rc), δr = Rp?Rc. This expression is comparatively accurate for different configuration parameters and voltages; results obtained from this expression are consistent with that of numerical simulations within an error of 10%.

关键词： foilless diode I-V relation intense electron beam