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Identification and investigation of Calodium hepaticum in rodents and insectivores from Wuhan section of the Yangtze River in China

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2020年第4期10卷 189-192页

作者： Shui-Mao Zhou Xian-Ling Jin Hao Wang Hua-Tang Luo Xi-Shuai Jia Wuhan Centers for Disease Prevention and Control Wuhan 430015China Wuhan Xinzhou Schistosomiasis Control Institute Wuhan 430015China

Objective:To investigate the prevalence of Calodium hepaticum(C.hepaticum)in rodents and insectivores from Wuhan section of the Yangtze River in China,and to provide evidence for the prevention and treatment of hepatic Calodium infection.Methods:Rodents and insectivores were captured from three selected Yangtze River beaches using mousetraps.The three survey sites were divided into six areas according to natural conditions,with 60 mousetraps placed in each area.The liver lesions in the captured rodents were observed by the naked eye and the eggs in the liver tissue were observed by microscopic examination.Results:A total of 1080 mousetraps were placed,and 1075 mousetraps were retrieved,with the retrieve rate as 99.5%.A total of 101 Apodemus agrarius,12 Rattus norvegicus,and 9 Crocidura attenuata were caught.The average density of rodents and insectivores was 10.5%and 0.8%,respectively.DNA of egg nodules from infected rodents showed 98%similarity with that of C.hepaticum 18 S rRNA(LC425008.1).One Rattus norvegicus was infected with C.hepaticum,with an infection rate of 3.23%in the Erqi river beach;the other two beaches did not show the incidence of C.hepaticum.Conclusions:The monitoring of C.hepaticum in the Yangtze River beaches should be strengthened to reduce the risk of human C.hepaticum infection.

关键词： Calodium hepaticum Rodents insectivores Yangtze River beach PCR

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Occupancy of avian foraging guilds in soybean fields and borders in Entre Ríos, Argentina: responses to vegetation structure and prey resources

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Avian Research 2020年第4期11卷 398-411页

作者： Andrea P.Goijman Michael J.Conroy Vanina D.Varni Jeffrey J.Thompson María Elena Zaccagnini Instituto de Recursos Biológicos CIRNInstituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria(CNIA-INTA)HurlinghamBuenos AiresArgentina D.B.Warnell School of Forestry and Natural Resources University of GeorgiaAthensGA 30602USA Present Address:Athens GAUSA Present Address:Laboratorio de Genómica Ecológica y Evolutiva IrapuatoGtoMéxico Present Address:Guyra Paraguay-CONACYT Av.Cnel.Carlos BóvedaParque Ecológico Capital-Viñas CuéAsunciónParaguay Present Address:Instituto Saite AsunciónParaguay Present Address:The Ronin Institute MontclairNJUSA Present Address:Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria(INTA) CABAArgentina

Background:Reconciling agriculture and biodiversity conservation is a challenge given the growing demand for agricultural products.In recent decades,Argentina has witnessed agricultural expansion and intensification affecting biodiversity and associated ecosystem services.Within agroecosystems,the level of habitat quality is critical for birds,and may depend on vegetation structure,availability of invertebrate prey,and the use of pesticides.Although the relationship between vegetation structure and avian occurrence has been widely studied,to our knowledge,there are no studies that also incorporate prey availability throughout the cycle of soybean crops in Argentina.We estimated and predicted the effects of land cover and temporal variation on the occurrence of avian foraging guilds in Entre Ríos,Argentina,in order to guide management related to potential ecosystem services provided by birds.We also estimated temporal effects of vegetation structure and insecticides on the main arthropod orders consumed by birds to evaluate prey availability.Methods:We conducted bird and arthropod surveys for 2 years along transects located in 20 randomly selected soybean fields(N=60)and their adjacent borders(N=78)throughout the crop growing season,in four seasons.We estimated avian occupancy,accounting for imperfect detection,and arthropod counts fitting generalized linear mixed models.Results:The number of native trees in field borders positively influenced the occurrence of most bird species,mainly insectivores.Granivore foliage gleaners,also were positively affected by grass height.Salliers and aerial foragers were weakly affected by distance to forest and native trees.In general,the availability of invertebrates to birds was highest during the third season.Arthropod counts in borders were greater during the last three crop stages than during the pre-sowing period.Conclusions:We found that with 10 to 15 native tree species in borders,coupled with a complex vegetation structure with shrubs and grasses,we could conserve a wide

关键词： Agriculture Birds Ecosystem services Insecticide insectivores Invertebrates Management Native trees Occurrence

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