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Spatial patterns of insect herbivory within a forest landscape:the role of soil type and forest stratum

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Forest Ecosystems 2021年第4期8卷 923-936页

作者： Xinliang Shao Qin Zhang Xitian Yang Key Laboratory of Plant Genetics and Molecular Breeding Zhoukou Normal University466001 ZhoukouChina College of Forestry Henan Agricultural University450002 ZhengzhouChina

Background:insect herbivory has profound impacts on ecosystem processes and *** many efforts have been made to recognize the main drivers of insect herbivory at different scales,the results are *** likely reason is that studies have insufficiently captured the spatially heterogeneous factors such as soil type and forest stratum within the stand that may significantly affect insect *** particular,there is a lack of studies that address the detailed spatial patterns of insect herbivory which are influenced by these ***:We measured the detailed spatial patterns of insect herbivory on cork oak(Quercus variabilis Bl.)in response to soil type(gravel soil and loam)and forest stratum(the upper,lower,and sapling stratum),and correlated these patterns with a set of influencing factors(litter coverage,coverage of shrubs and herbs,soil nutrients,soil moisture,and leaf traits)in a forest ***:Generally,insect herbivory was spatially heterogeneous within *** was significantly lower in gravel soil areas than in loam soil areas and the highest herbivory occurred in the lower ***,there were also 41 individual plots in which the highest herbivory occurred in the upper stratum and 29 plots in which the highest herbivory occurred in the sapling *** were significant differences in soil nutrient and water status between soil types,but no significant differences in leaf *** effects of forest stratum on leaf traits were also inconsistent with those on insect ***:Leaf traits may not be the main factors influencing insect herbivory in the *** type may have major effects on herbivory patterns by influencing litter coverage while higher coverage of shrubs and herbs may reduce herbivory in the sapling *** findings may advance our understanding of tree-herbivore interactions in real-world situations and have important implications for the sustainable managemen

关键词： Forest stratum Heterogeneity insect herbivory Leaf litter Leaf traits Soil nutrient Soil type

A New Species of Rhodoleia(Hamamelidaceae) from the Upper Pliocene of West Yunnan, China and Comments on Phytogeography and insect herbivory

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2015年第5期89卷 1440-1452页

作者： WU Jingyu ZHAO Zhenrui LI Qijia LIU Yusheng(Christopher) XIE Sanping DING Suting SUN Bainian Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources in Western China (Gansu Province) School of Earth Sciences Lanzhou University State Key Laboratory of Palaeobiology and Stratigraphy Nanjing Institute of Geology and Paleontology CAS Don Sundquist Center of Excellence in Paleontology Department of Biological Sciences East Tennessee State University

In Europe, fossil fruits and seeds of Rhodoleia（Hamamelidaceae） have been described from the Upper Cretaceous to the Miocene, whereas no fossil record of Rhodoleia has been reported in Asia, where the modern species ***, 21 fossil leaves identified as Rhodoleia tengchongensis *** described from the Upper Pliocene of Tengchong County, Yunnan Province, Southwest *** fossils exhibit elliptic lamina with entire margins, simple brochidodromous major secondary veins, mixed percurrent intercostal tertiary veins, and looped exterior *** leaf cuticle is characterized by pentagonal or hexagonal cells, stellate multicellular trichomes, and paracytic *** combination of leaf architecture and cuticular characteristics suggests that the fossil leaves should be classified into the genus *** fossil distributions indicate that the genus Rhodoleia might originate from Central Europe, and that migrated to Asia prior to the Late ***, insect damage is investigated, and different types of damage, such as hole feeding, margin feeding, surface feeding, and galling, are observed on the thirteen fossil *** on the damage frequencies for the fossil and extant leaves, the specific feeding behavior of insects on Rhodoleia trees appears to have been established as early as the Late *** high occurrence of Rhodoleia insect herbivory may attract the insect-foraging birds, thereby increasing the probability of pollination.

关键词： Rhodoleia leaf cuticle phytogeography insect herbivory Pliocene Yunnan Province

Global Change Effects on Plant Chemical Defenses against insect Herbivores

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2008年第11期50卷 1339-1354页

作者： M.Gabriela Bidart-Bouzat Adebobola Imeh-Nathaniel Department of Biological Sciences Bowling Green State University

This review focuses on individual effects of major global change factors, such as elevated CO2, O3, UV light and temperature, on plant secondary chemistry. These secondary metabolites are well-known for their role in plant defense against insect herbivory. Global change effects on secondary chemicals appear to be plant species-specifc and dependent on the chemical type. Even though plant chemical responses induced by these factors are highly variable, there seems to be some specificity in the response to different environmental stressors. For example, even though the production of phenolic compounds is enhanced by both elevated CO2 and UV light levels, the latter appears to primarily increase the concentrations of flavonoids. Likewise, specific phenolic metabolites seem to be induced by O3 but not by other factors, and an increase in volatile organic compounds has been particularly detected under elevated temperature. More information is needed regarding how global change factors influence inducibility of plant chemical defenses as well as how their indirect and direct effects impact insect performance and behavior, herbivory rates and pathogen attack. This knowledge is crucial to better understand how plants and their associated natural enemies will be affected in future changing environments.

关键词： elevated CO2 global climate change insect herbivory ozone plant chemical defenses plant-insect interactions plant secondary metabolites temperature tri-trophic interactions UV light.

A novel herbivorous wood-borer insect outbreak triggers die-offs of a foundation plant species in coastal ecosystems

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Ecosystem Health and Sustainability 2020年第1期6卷 39-44,38页

作者： Zhonghua Ning Cong Chen Tian Xie Qing Wang Xu Ma Haochen Sui Baoshan Cui School of Environment State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution ControlBeijing Normal UniversityBeijingChina Yellow River Estuary Wetland Ecosystem Observation and Research Station Ministry of EducationShandongChina Research and Development Center for Watershed Environmental Eco-Engineering Advanced Institute of Natural ScienceBeijing Normal University at ZhuhaiZhuhaiChina

Introduction:Understanding the trophic interactions between plants and herbivorous insects is essential for managing the ecosystem health and sustainability in the context of climate change and anthropogenic *** Tamarix chinensis is a foundation plant species of salt marshes in northern China,which provides a variety of ecological functions and services in coastal ecosystems such as withstanding storm tide,conserving biodiversity,and preventing shoreline ***:However,through long-term field observations,for the first time,we found that the health of this population has been suffering from the potential outbreak of a novel wood-borer insect(Zeuzera leuconotum Butler)under multiple stresses,contributing substantially to the degradation of the coastal salt *** and Conclusion:Therefore,there is urgent need and great significance to investigate the potential impact of this herbivorous wood-borer insects on health and sustainability of plant community in coastal ecosystems for in-depth understanding its degradation mechanisms.

关键词： Die-off foundation species(Tamarix chinensis) insect herbivory wood-borer pest control salt marsh coastal ecosystem

Impact of black cherry on pedunculate oak vitality in mixed forests:Balancing benefits and concerns

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Forest Ecosystems 2023年第6期10卷 690-699页

作者： Ellen Desie Bart Muys Jan den Ouden Bart Nyssen Rita Sousa-Silva Leon van den Berg Arnold van den Burg Gert-Jan van Duinen Koenraad Van Meerbeek Maaike Weijters Karen Vancampenhout Division Forest Nature and LandscapeKU Leuven Campus GeelKleinhoefstraat 4B-2240 GeelBelgium Division Forest Nature and LandscapeKU LeuvenCelestijnenlaan 200EBox 2411B-3001 LeuvenBelgium KU Leuven Plant Institute B-3001 LeuvenBelgium Forest Ecology and Management Group Wageningen UniversityP.O.Box 47Wageningenthe Netherlands Bosgroep Zuid-Nederland Huisvenseweg 145591 VD Heezethe Netherlands Young Academy for Sustainability Research University of Freiburg79104 Freiburg im BreisgauGermany Aquatic Ecology&Environmental Biology Radboud University NijmegenHeyendaalseweg 1356525 AJ Nijmegenthe Netherlands Biosphere/Zoological Museum Netherlands Onderlangs 176731 BK Otterlothe Netherlands Stichting Bargerveen Toernooiveld 16525 ED Nijmegenthe Netherlands B-WARE Research Centre/Radboud University Nijmegen Toernooiveld 16525 ED Nijmegenthe Netherlands

The vitality of European forests continues to decline due to new pests and diseases,climate-change related disturbances and high loads of atmospheric nitrogen *** soil health is a major factor underpinning the low vitality of West-European *** tree species with soil ameliorative traits is proposed as an avenue to counteract soil acidification and improve overall forest *** we evaluate the impact of black cherry(Prunus serotina Ehrh.),a known rich litter species,on the vitality of neighboring pedunculate oak(Quercus robur L.)in ten mixed forests on sand in Germany,Belgium and the *** found that black cherry admixture increases foliar N and P to a surplus whereas it causes deficiencies in foliar Mg,thereby resulting in an overall negative effect on oak foliar nutrient ***,defoliation of oak leaves by herbivory decreases with the proximity of black *** structural equation modelling(SEM),we tested the hypothesized‘improved soil health’*** analyses showed that black cherry admixture leads to lower accumulation in the humus layer,resulting in higher soil base saturation which has a positive effect on foliar Ca yet a negative effect on total ***,the SEM illustrated that herbivory of oak leaves decreases when black cherry is admixed,both via dilution and improved soil *** effects of black cherry on oak vitality via“improved soil health”in our SEM are however small in comparison to direct ***,our study showed that the combined positive and negative impacts of black cherry on oak vitality are limited,which tempers the potential benefits of using the rich litter species to counteract oak decline via improved soil health–yet,the concern of black cherry as an invasive alien species negatively affecting the vitality of mature pedunculate oak trees may also be exaggerated.

关键词： Rich litter species Black cherry Nutrient cycling insect herbivory Dilution effect Humus type Pedunculate oak Plant-soil interaction

Poleward increase in feeding efficiency of leafminer Stigmella lapponica(Lepidoptera:Nepticulidae)in a latitudinal gradient crossing a boreal forest zone

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insect Science 2023年第3期30卷 857-866页

作者： Mikhail V.Kozlov Vitali Zverev Tobias M.Sandner Erik J.van Nieukerken Elena L.Zvereva Department of Biology University of TurkuTurkuFinland Department of Biology Philipps-Universitat MarburgMarburgGermany Naturalis Biodiversity Center Leidenthe Netherlands

Damage to plant communities imposed by insect herbivores generally decreases from low to high *** decrease is routinely attributed to declines in herbivore abundance and/or diversity,whereas latitudinal changes in per capita food consumption remain virtually ***,we tested the hypothesis that the lifetime food consumption by a herbivore individual decreases from low to high latitudes due to a temperature-driven decrease in metabolic *** 2016 to 2019,we explored latitudinal changes in multiple characteristics of linear(gallery)mines made by larvae of the pygmy moth,Stigmella lapponica,in leaves of downy birch,Betula *** mined leaves were larger than intact leaves at the southern end of our latitudinal gradient(at 60°N)but smaller than intact leaves at its northern end(at 69°N),suggesting that female oviposition preference changes with *** latitudinal changes were observed in larval size,mine length or area,and in per capita food consumption,but the larval feeding efficiency(quantified as the ratio between larval size and mine size)increased with ***,*** larvae consumed less foliar biomass at higher latitudes than at lower latitudes to reach the same *** on space-for-time substitution,we suggest that climate warming will increase metabolic expenses of insect herbivores with uncertain consequences for plant-herbivore interactions.

关键词： Betula pubescens climate change food quality insect herbivory metabolic expenses oviposition preference

Grasshoppers （Orthoptera： Acrididae） select vegetation patches in local-scale responses to foliar nitrogen but not phosphorus in native grassland

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insect Science 2011年第5期18卷 533-540页

作者： Viviana Loaiza Jayne L. Jonas Anthony Joern Division of Biology Kansas State University Manhattan Kansas USA

Key elements such as nitrogen （N） and phosphorus （P） are often limiting relative to the nutritional needs of herbivores that feed on them. While N often limits insect herbivores in natural terrestrial ecosystems, the effect of P is poorly studied in the field, even though compelling hypotheses from the ecological stoichiometry literature predict its importance. We evaluated small-scale spatial distributions of, and herbivory by, grasshoppers among neighboring plots that vary in foliar-N and -P in tallgrass prairie. Grasshopper densities were 67% greater in N-fertilized plots but detected no effect to grasshopper densities from P-fertilizer. Leaf damage to the dominant grass Andropogon gerardii was 32% greater in N-fertilized plots, but no response to foliar-P was detected. Herbivore damage to a common forb, goldenrod （Solidago missouriensis）, was not strongly linked by fertilizer treatments, although there was increased leaf damage in N-fertilizer treatments when no P was applied （a significant N ~ P interaction）. Under field conditions at local scales, we conclude that spatially heterogeneous distributions of grasshoppers are primarily affected by foliar-N in host plants with little evidence that P-levels contribute to the spatial patterns.

关键词： Andropogon gerardii ecological stoichiometry insect herbivory Konza Prairie N-P fertilization experiment Solidago rnissouriensis

Defensive Role of Plant Latex on insect Pests’ Suppression: A Critical Review

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2023年第11期14卷 1375-1398页

作者： Kriti Singh Tamoghno Majumder Aivi Mallick Abhismita Samajder Moumita Modak Maimon Soniya Devi Amitava Banerjee Anirban Sarkar Lakshman Chandra Patel Shanowly Mondal Ghosh Kusal Roy Department of Agricultural Entomology Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya Mohanpur India College of Agriculture Rani Lakshmi Bai Central Agricultural University Jhansi India College of Agriculture Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya Barddhaman India

Over 350 million years have passed since the documentation of the first interaction between plants and insects. Numerous plant defense qualities and associated counter-adaptive features have developed as a result of these interactions between insects and plants. These characteristics might be either morphological or biological in nature. One of the most significant and useful biochemical characteristics in plants is latex. Latex has a sticky property due to presence of secondary metabolites in it, which aids in entangling or sealing the mouthparts of small insects. These metabolites also chemically interact with the insects interfering with crucial bodily processes. Plant latex has amazing properties that help protect plants from insects and inhibit them in general. It may be possible to control insect pests in a natural, secure, and long-lasting manner by correctly identifying plant latex with strong insecticidal properties and developing formulations of plant latex.

关键词： Plant Latex insect herbivory Plant Defence insect-Plant Interactions

Characterization of mulberry proteins with anti-digestive stability（AS） in the gut tracts of insect herbivores

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Characterization of mulberry proteins with anti-digestive st...