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Inventory of CO2 emissions driven by energy consumption in Hubei Province： a time-series energy input-output analysis

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Frontiers of Earth Science 2016年第4期10卷 717-730页

作者： Jiashuo LI Ran LUO Qing YANG Haiping YANG Department of New Energy Science and Engineering School of Energy and Power Engineering Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan 430074 China National Laboratory of Coal Combustion Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan 430074 China School of Energy and Power Engineering Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan 430074 China

Based on an input-output analysis, this paper compiles inventories of fuel-related CO2 emissions of Hubei economy in the years of 2002, 2005, and 2007. Results show that calculated total direct CO2 emissions rose from 114,462.69 kt （2002） to 196,650.31 kt （2005）, reaching 210,419.93 kt in 2007, with an average 22.50% rate of increase. Raw coal was the dominant source of the direct emissions throughout the three years. The sector of Electric Power, Heat Production, and Supply was the main direct emissions contributor, with the largest intensities observed from 2002 （1192.97 g/CNY） to 2007 （1739.15 g/ CNY）. From the industrial perspective, the secondary industry, which is characterized as manufacture of finished products, was still the pillar of the Hubei economy during this period concerned, contributing more than 80% of the total direct emissions. As a net exporter of embodied CO2 emissions in 2002 and 2007, Hubei reported net-exported emissions of 4109.00 kt and 17,871.77 kt respectively; however, Hubei was once a net importer of CO2 emissions in 2005 （2511.93 kt）. The CO2 emissions embodied in export and fixed capital formation had the two leading fractions of emissions embodied in the final use. The corresponding countermeasures, such as promoting renew- able and clean energy and properly reducing the exports of low value added and carbon-intensive products are suggestions for reducing CO2 emissions in Hubei.

关键词： input-output analysis fuel-related C02 emis-sions Hubei Province

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Local-scale systems input-output analysis of embodied water for the Beijing economy in 2007

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Frontiers of Earth Science 2014年第3期8卷 414-426页

作者： Mengyao HAN Shan GUO Hui CHEN Xi JI Jiashuo LI College of Engineering Peking University Beijing 100871 China Department of Building and Real Estate The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Hong Kong 999077 China Guangdong Huianhengda Management Consulting Co. Ltd Guangzhou 510080 China School of Economics Peking University Beijing 100871 China

Using the most detailed and recent statistics available for Beijing, a local-scale embodiment analysis on water use was conducted, employing a systems input- output analysis that integrates economic systems with natural resources data. Systems analysis for water research at the local scale is a crucial part of a systems oriented water accounting framework. To our knowledge, however, related works have not been thoroughly conducted. In this paper, a set of embodied water intensity inventory data is presented, which is applicable to both intermediate input and final demand. Also, detailed analyses of Beijing＇s embodied water use accounting are presented. The embodied water intensity of the. Water Production and Supply Industry Sector turns out to be the highest among the 42 sectors. For water embodied in final demand, the total amount is 3.48 km3, of which the water embodied in urban household consumption makes up nearly a half proportion. As a net virtual water importer, Beijing＇s water embodied in commodity trade totals 5.84× 10^8m3. As a result, in addition to improvements in technology and water use efficiency, adjustments in industrial structure and trade policies are algo of significant importance to water conservation efforts.

关键词： input-output analysis Beijing embodiedwater intensity virtual water trade

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Alternative industrial carbon emissions benchmark based on input-output analysis

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Frontiers of Earth Science 2016年第4期10卷 731-739页

作者： Mengyao HAN Xi JI Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research Chineses Academy of Sciences Beijing 100871 China College of Engineering Peking University Beijing 100871 China School of Economics Peking University Beijing 100871 China

Some problems exist in the current carbon emissions benchmark setting systems. The primary con- sideration for industrial carbon emissions standards highly relate to direct carbon emissions （power-related emissions） and only a portion of indirect emissions are considered in the current carbon emissions accounting processes. This practice is insufficient and may cause double counting to some extent due to mixed emission sources. To better integrate and quantify direct and indirect carbon emissions, an embodied industrial carbon emissions benchmark setting method is proposed to guide the establishment of carbon emissions benchmarks based on input-output analysis. This method attempts to link direct carbon emissions with inter-industrial economic exchanges and systematically quantifies carbon emissions embodied in total product delivery chains. The purpose of this study is to design a practical new set of embodied intensity-based benchmarks for both direct and indirect carbon emissions. Beijing, at the first level of carbon emissions trading pilot schemes in China, plays a significant role in the establish- ment of these schemes and is chosen as an example in this study. The newly proposed method tends to relate emissions directly to each responsibility in a practical way through the measurement of complex production and supply chains and reduce carbon emissions from their original sources. This method is expected to be developed under uncertain internal and external contexts and is further expected to be generalized to guide the establish- ment of industrial benchmarks for carbon emissions trading schemes in China and other countries.

关键词： emissions trading scheme benchmarking,carbon emissions input-output analysis

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What's So Special about China's Producer Services?An input–output analysis

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China & World Economy 2014年第1期22卷 103-120页

作者： Dazhong Cheng Peter W.Daniels Department of World Economy Institute for World Economyand Global Investment and Trade InstituteFudan University University of Birmingham

In the present study, five stylized facts about China ＂s producer services are established through international, intersectoral and intertemporal comparisons based on input --output tables. First, the overall service input ratio is the lowest in all the sample economies. Second, most producer services are supplied by the traditional labor-intensive sectors. Third, manufacturing is the biggest user of producer services, and service industry is the second, while the opposite is true for most of the other sample economies. Fourth, unlike other economies, China ＂s ＂R＆D＂ is characterized more by consumer services than producer services. Fifth, China has fairly lower service input ratios in almost all the industries. The backward and forward linkages coefficients are both smaller for ＂real estate activities＂ and ＂finance and insurance. ＂＂ Policy reform should focus not only on specific producer services but also on reducing obstacles that are inhibiting the balanced development of diverse producer services that will help China to optimize its economic structure.

关键词： Chinese economy input-output analysis producer services

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Literature Review on the Application of input-output analysis to Trade and the Environment

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China Finance and Economic Review 2019年第3期8卷 116-128页

作者： Bingqian Yan National Academy of Economic Strategy Chinese Academy of Social SciencesChina

Production fragmentation has changed the distribution pattern of value added and thus emissions among countries.As a consequence,the gross trade statistics and territory-based emissions cannot reveal the real picture and generate misleading conclusions.In this aspect,input-output analysis,which describes the interdependence among industries and countries,becomes the suitable tool to reflect the true story and answer questions like“where is the value-added come from”and“who emits for whom”.Under this background,this paper reviews the relevant researches that use input-output analysis to study trade and its impact on the environment,from which we can also understand the development of input-output analysis over time.

关键词： input-output analysis trade the environment embodied emissions

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Embodied water analysis for Hebei Province, China by input-output modelling

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Frontiers of Earth Science 2018年第1期12卷 72-85页

作者： Siyuan LIU Mengyao HAN Xudong WU Xiaofang WU Zhi LI Xiaohua XIA Xi JI Hebei Provincial Key Laboratory of Heavy Machinery Fluid Power Transmission and Control Yanshan University Qinhuangdao 066004 China Key Laboratory of Advanced Forging & Stamping Technology and Science Ministry of Education of China Yanshan University Qinhuangdao 066004 China Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101 China College of Engineering Peking University Beijing 100871 China School of Economics Renmin University of China Beijing 100872 China School of Economics Peking University Beijing 100871 China

With the accelerating coordinated development of the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region, regional eco- nomic integration is recognized as a national strategy. As water scarcity places Hebei Province in a dilemma, it is of critical importance for Hebei Province to balance water resources as well as make full use of its unique advantages in the transition to sustainable development. To our knowledge, related embodied water accounting analysis has been conducted for Beijing and Tianjin, while similar works with the focus on Hebei are not found. In this paper, using the most complete and recent statistics available for Hebei Province, the embodied water use in Hebei Province is analyzed in detail. Based on input-output analysis, it presents a complete set of systems accounting framework for water resources. In addition, a database of embodied water intensity is proposed which is applicable to both intermediate inputs and final demand. The result suggests that the total amount of embodied water in final demand is 10.62 billion m3, of which the water embodied in urban household consumption accounts for more than half. As a net embodied water importer, the water embodied in the commodity trade in Hebei Province is 17.20 billion m3. The outcome of this work implies that it is particularly urgent to adjust industrial structure and trade policies for water conservation, to upgrade technology and to improve water utilization. As a result, to relieve water shortages in Hebei Province, it is of crucial importance to regulate the balance of water use within the province, thus balancing water distribution in the various industrial sectors.

关键词： input-output analysis Hebei Province embo-died water embodied water intensity

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脱贫对中国实现碳中和目标的影响

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Science Bulletin 2024年第5期69卷 648-660页

作者：孙昕璐米志付杜慧滨 D'Maris Coffman The Bartlett School of Sustainable Construction University College LondonLondon WC1E 7HBUK College of Management and Economics Tianjin UniversityTianjin 300072China National Industry-Education Platform of Energy Storage Tianjin UniversityTianjin 300072China

China is facing challenges to tackle the threat of climate change while reducing social inequality.Poverty eradication requires improvement in the living conditions of low-income households,which leads in turn to higher carbon footprints and may undermine the efforts of climate change mitigation.Previous studies have assessed the climate impacts of poverty eradication,but few have quantified how the additional carbon emissions of poverty eradication are shared at the subnational level in China and the impact on China’s climate targets.We investigated the recent trend of carbon footprint inequality in China’s provinces and estimated the climate burden of different poverty reduction schemes,measured by increased carbon emissions.The results indicate that poverty eradication will not impede the achievement of national climate targets,with an average annual household carbon footprint increase of 0.1%–1.2%.However,the carbon emissions growth in less developed provinces can be 4.0%,five times that in wealthy regions.Less developed regions suffer a greater climate burden because of poverty eradication,which may offset carbon reduction efforts.Therefore,interregional collaboration is needed to coordinate inequality reduction with investments in low-carbon trajectories in all provinces.

关键词： Carbon emissions Poverty eradication Carbon neutrality Inequality input-output analysis

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On Complete Carbon Emission of China's Industries Based on input-output analysis

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Journal of Systems Science and Information 2014年第2期2卷 97-110页

作者： Changcai QIN Shulin LIU University of International Business and Economics School of International Trade and Economics Yantai University School of Economics and Business

This article establishes a useful analytical framework for complete carbon emission of the industries in China and then makes comparison on carbon emission among these industries based on the latest data derived from China’s input-output Table and Energy Statistics in 2007. It is found that some industries are "invisible high-carbon" sectors by the definitions of directly-embodied coefficient and perfectly-embodied coefficient and that others have made contributions to carbon leakage by measure of importing and exporting carbon emission volume. Finally, this article provides suggestions to industrial strategies, trade policies and the comprehensive economic management policy in order to effectively achieve energy conservation and emission reduction.

关键词： input-output analysis directly-embodied coefficient perfectly-embodied coefficient

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The Pollution Content of Jiangsu’s Trade:An input-output analysis

The Pollution Content of Jiangsu’s Trade:An Input-output An...

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社会科学与环境保护国际会议

作者： Ying Xie Donghua University

This paper, based on environmental input-output model, using the latest comparable tables and related environmental pollution data of Jiangsu Province in 2005 and 2007, measures the emissions of five pollutants including industrial waste gas and wastewater, etc., and calculates the pollution content of exports （imports）, the pollution content of per unit of exports （imports） and pollution terms of trade. The analysis shows that: （1） Jiangsu Province is in the situation of pollution surplus which is mainly caused by international trade surplus. （2） In 2005, Jiangsu Province had not yet become "pollution havens", however it began to have comparative advantage in pollution-intensive industries in 2007, and the pollution terms of trade has deteriorated. （3） Reasonable adjustment of the structure of international trade in Jiangsu Province has achieved certain results. At the end, this paper suggests the government to optimize the industrial structure;to encourage enterprises to do scientific and technological research, etc;to improve the law.

关键词： input-output analysis pollution terms of trade pollution surplus

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农业在国民经济中的作用下降了吗

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社会主义经济理论与实践 2024年第2期

作者：李裕瑞潘玮公丕萍陈秧分

快速工业化、城镇化进程中，农业在国民经济中的份额不断下降，但这是否就意味着农业的经济地位不再重要?本文基于1997-2017年中国投入产出表分析农业的前后向联系及农业与其他行业的关联特征，利用2012年的区域间投入产出表分析各省份... 详细信息

快速工业化、城镇化进程中，农业在国民经济中的份额不断下降，但这是否就意味着农业的经济地位不再重要?本文基于1997-2017年中国投入产出表分析农业的前后向联系及农业与其他行业的关联特征，利用2012年的区域间投入产出表分析各省份的农业前后向联系和区域间关联特征。研究发现：(1)中国农业的后向联系水平小幅增长、前向联系水平大幅增加，表明农业与其他行业的关联程度稳步提升，农业的作用并未下降。(2)农业与工业、服务业的融合发展水平不断提高，农业的下游链条不断延伸，农业在国民经济中的主体角色正逐步从消费品转型为投入品。(3)农业的前后向联系存在明显的区域差异，农业增加值越大的省份，农业对下游产业的影响往往越大；人均GDP、农民人均纯收入越高的省份，农业生产对其他产业的产品需求往往越大。本研究从经济系统、产业关联的角度为理解农业的角色变化提供了新认知，乡村产业振兴进程中的农业政策设计，应从“大农业”的角度，将农业与其关联产业进行统筹考虑。

关键词：农业投入产出产业关联前向联系后向联系乡村振兴 agriculture input-output analysis industrial linkage forward linkage backward linkage rural revitalization

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