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Comparative effects of composted organic waste and inorganic fertilizer on nitrate leachate from the farm soils of northern Guam

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International Soil and Water Conservation Research 2021年第1期9卷 87-102页

作者： Ferdinand Galsim Mohammad H.Golabi Yong Sang Kim Clancy Iyekar College of Natural and Applied Sciences University of GuamMangilaoGuam96913USA Water and Environmental Research Institute of the Western Pacific University of GuamMangilaoGuam96913USA

The purpose of this study was to quantify the release of nitrate into vadose zone as well as the nitrogen-holding capacity of compost applied on calcareous soils of northern Guam amended with both inorganic fertilizer and composted organic waste,to examine potentially adverse effect of these nutrient materials to groundwater *** different nitrogen levels each of the composted organic waste and the inorganic fertilizer were applied to corn(maize)(farmland)study plots for three consecutive seasons,two dry and one rainy *** each season,soil organic matter(SOM,w/w%)content and carbon-nitrogen ratio(C/N,w/w%),were determined for analysis of the nitrogen-holding capacity of these calcareous *** levels in soil pore water were also determined for study of potential groundwater *** three seasons,compost plots showed higher SOM%contents and lower C/N%than fertilizer *** is,compost-treated soils showed higher SOM content and adsorbed more nitrogen under normalized soil mass than did fertilizer-treated *** levels in pore water were generally higher on compost plots during early stages of corn but were generally higher on fertilizer plots during active leaf,tasseling,and maturity *** the rainy season,nitrate leachate seemed to increase,but this trend could not be confirmed because rainfall amounts were not ***,composted organic waste proved to be a good amendment for soil productivity and agricultural sustainability while reducing nitrate leachate from northern Guam farmland.

关键词： Nitrate Composted organic wastes inorganic fertilizer Calcareous soil

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Responses of Nematode Communities to inorganic fertilizer Disturbance in a Farmland Ecosystem

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Pedosphere 2002年第3期12卷 193-200页

作者： LIANGWENJU CHENLIJIE 等 InstituteofAppliedEcology theChineseAcademyofSciencesChenyang110016（China） LaboratoryofPlantNematology ShenyangAgriculturalUniversityShenyang110161（China）

Nematode communities were monitored in a field study at depths of 0～10 cmand 10～20 cm throughout a corn (Zea mays L.) growing season in the black soil region of NortheastChina. Plots were cropped corn with (IF) and without (NF) nitrogen fertilization. Fifteen familiesand 16 genera were observed in the nematode suspensions. Cephalobidae, Rhabditidae, Aphelenchus,Filenchus, and Helicotylenchus were found to be dominant genera/families in both plots at bothdepths. Significant differences were found between treatments and corn growing stages in the totalnumbers of nematodes during the study period. The total numbers of nematodes at the 0～10 cm depthwere higher in the inorganic fertilizer plot than in the control plot (no fertilizer applications)across jointing, filling, and mature stages. Bacterivores were the most abundant trophic groupsunder two treatments and at both depths, and the relative abundance averaged 42.8%.Omuivores-predators at both depths were lower in the inorganic fertilizer plot than in the controlplot during the study period, excluding corn jointing stage. Maturity index (MI) and plant parasiteindex (PPI) were used to detect the differences between the two treatments, MI and PPI wereeffective in distinguishing differences in nematode communities during corn growing season. The roleof nematode communities as bioindicators of ecosystem disturbance due to fertilization is noted.

关键词： bioindicator disturbance inorganic fertilizer maturity index nematodecommunity

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Vermicompost as an Alternative to inorganic fertilizer to Improve Okra Productivity in Côte d’Ivoire

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Open Journal of Soil Science 2021年第1期11卷 1-12页

作者： Sifolo S. Coulibaly Mamadou Touré Amoin E. Kouamé Ini C. Kambou Sientchon Y. Soro Kadokan I. Yéo Sita Koné Bi I. A. Zoro Department of Biological Sciences University “Peleforo Gon Coulibaly of Korhogo” Korhogo C&#244 te d’Ivoire Laboratory of Ecology and Sustainable Development University of Nangui Abrogoua Abidjan C&#244 te d’Ivoire Department of Natural Sciences Laboratory of Functional Genomics and Breeding University of Nangui Abrogoua Abidjan C&#244 te d’Ivoire

Okra is one of the most popular vegetables in Côte d’Ivoire which is produced by heavy use of inorganic fertilizers. Vermicompost can be an alternative to inorganic fertilizers. This field study investigated the effect of vermicompost on growth and productivity of okra as compared to inorganic fertilizers. The respective treatments were arranged in a complete randomized block design, each at three replications, during three-season cycles on a ferralitic soil. Results showed that the highest rate of germination was obtained with the vermicompost. The tallest plants of Abelmoschus esculentus (1.88 m) and Abelmoschus caillei (1.78 m) were observed with inorganic fertilizer. The number of leaves per plant registered when using vermicompost was 34.5 and 30.74 with Abelmoschus esculentus and Abelmoschus cailli, respectively. With inorganic fertilizer, the number of leaves per plant was 34.21 (Abelmoschus esculentus) and 32.32 (Abelmoschus cailli). Plants took about 60 days to flower in the control plots and about 46 days in the plots fertilized with the vermicompost and the inorganic fertilizer. The highest pod yields of Abelmoschus esculentus and Abelmoschus cailli were 8.7 t⋅ha−1 and 10.58 t⋅ha−1 with vermicompost and 8.85 t⋅ha

关键词： Okra Vermicompost inorganic fertilizer Yield

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Growth and Yield of Rice(Oryza sativa L.)Applied by inorganic and Organic fertilizer in Indonesian Tidal Soil

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Journal of Environmental Science and Engineering(B) 2023年第1期12卷 41-54页

作者： Dedik Budianta Muhammad Alif Hertasning Warsito Wiwik Hardaningsih Department of Soil Science Faculty of AgricultureSriwijaya UniversityJl.Raya Palembang-Prabumulih KM 32 Ogan IlirSouth Sumatra 30662Indonesia Program of Agroecotechnology Faculty of AgricultureSriwijaya UniversityJl.Raya Palembang-Prabumulih KM 32 Ogan IlirSouth Sumatra 30662Indonesia Department of Food Crop Polytechnic of AgriculturePayakumbuhWest Sumatra 26271Indonesia

The aims of this study were to determine the dose of inorganic fertilizer of NPK combined with organic fertilizer from CM(Cow Manure)to grow paddy Inpara 8 variety planted in a tidal *** experiment was done in a green house and conducted from July to December *** pot experiment used factorial completely randomized design with two factors and three *** first factor was NPK which consisted of two kinds of NPK fertilizers which were urea 200 kg/ha,SP-36100 kg/ha,KCl 100 kg/ha from recommended fertilization and urea 37 kg/ha,SP-3656 kg/ha,KCl 183 kg/ha from calculation of the specific location soil analysis(in situ data).The second factor was dosage of CM at 5,7.5 and 10 tons/ha *** results showed that NPK fertilization from specific location combined with CM at 10 tons/ha was the best treatment for rice production in an infertile tidal swampland producing 2.20 tons/ha.

关键词： inorganic fertilizer CM NPK specific location rice and tidal soil

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The effect of long-term application of nitrogen-rich fertilizers on soil resistome:A study of conventional and organic cropping systems

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Soil Ecology Letters 2024年第3期6卷 135-150页

作者： Alexey S.Vasilchenko Evgenii O.Burlakov Darya V.Poshvina Denis S.Gruzdev Sergey V.Kravchenko Aleksandr V.Iashnikov Ning Ling Anastasia V.Vasilchenko Laboratory of Antimicrobial Resistance Institute of Environmental and Agricultural Biology(X-BIO)Tyumen State UniversityTyumenRussia Research Institute of Mathematics Physics and Computer ScienceDerzhavin Tambov State UniversityTambovRussia International Integrated Research Laboratory for Climate Change Land Use and BiodiversityInstitute of Environmental and Agricultural Biology(X-BIO)Tyumen State UniversityTyumenRussia SciBear OU Tartu Mnt 67/1-13bKesklinna Linnaosa10115 TallinnEstonia Center for Grassland Microbiome State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-EcosystemsCollege of Pastoral Agriculture Science and TechnologyLanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000China

Metagenomic studies of various soil environments have previously revealed the widespread distribution of antibiotic resistance genes(ARGs)around the *** this study,we applied shotgun metagenomics to investigate differences in microbial communities and resistomes in Chernozem soils that have been under long-term organic and conventional cropping *** organic cropping system was seeded with Triticum spelta without any *** conventional cropping system was seeded with Tríticum durum Desf and used mineral fertilizer(NPK),that resulted in an increased amount of total and available carbon and nitrogen in *** all samples,we identified a total of 21 ARG classes,among which the dominant were vancomycin,tetracycline and *** of soil microbial communities revealed differences between the studied fields in the relative abundances of 14 and 53 genera in topsoil and subsoil,*** analysis showed significant correlations(positive and negative)among 18 genera and 6 ARGs,as well as between these ARGs and some chemical properties of *** analysis of metagenome-assembled genomes revealed that Nitrospirota,Thermoproteota,Actinobacteriota and Binatota phyla of archaea and bacteria serve as hosts for glycopeptide and fluoroquinolone/tetracycline ***,the data obtained enrich knowledge about the consequences of human agricultural activities in terms of soil microbiome modification and highlight the role of nitrogen cycling taxa,including uncultivated genera,in the formation of soil resistome.

关键词： soil microbiome inorganic fertilizer nitrogen cycle uncultured bacteria chemolithotrophs Binatia

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Mitigation of N_(2)O emissions in water-saving paddy fields:Evaluating organic fertilizer substitution and microbial mechanisms

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2024年第9期23卷 3159-3173页

作者： Delei Kong Xianduo Zhang Qidong Yu Yaguo Jin Peikun Jiang Shuang Wu Shuwei Liu Jianwen Zou College of Environment and Resources/College of Carbon Neutrality Zhejiang A&F UniversityHangzhou 311300China Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Low Carbon Agriculture and GHGs Mitigation College of Resources and Environmental SciencesNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing 210095China Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology College of Life SciencesNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing 210095China Jiangsu Key Lab and Engineering Center for Solid Organic Waste Utilization Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Resource UtilizationNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing 210095China

Water-saving irrigation strategies can successfully alleviate methane emissions from rice fields,but significantly stimulate nitrous oxide(N_(2)O)emissions because of variations in soil oxygen level and redox ***,the relationship linking soil N_(2)O emissions to nitrogen functional genes during various fertilization treatments in water-saving paddy fields has rarely been ***,the mitigation potential of organic fertilizer substitution on N_(2)O emissions and the microbial mechanism in rice fields must be further *** study examined how soil N_(2)O emissions were affected by related functional microorganisms(ammonia-oxidizing archaea(AOA),ammonia-oxidizing bacteria(AOB),nirS,nirK and nosZ)to various fertilization treatments in a rice field in southeast China over two *** this study,three fertilization regimes were applied to rice cultivation:a no nitrogen(N)(Control),an inorganic N(Ni),and an inorganic N with partial N substitution with organic manure(N_(i)+N_(o)).Over two rice-growing seasons,cumulative N_(2)O emissions averaged 0.47,4.62 and 4.08 kg ha^(−1)for the Control,Ni and N_(i)+N_(o)treatments,*** comparison to the Ni treatment,the N_(i)+N_(o)fertilization regime considerably reduced soil N_(2)O emissions by 11.6%while maintaining rice yield,with a lower N_(2)O emission factor(EF)from fertilizer N of 0.95%.Nitrogen fertilization considerably raised the AOB,nirS,nirK and nosZ gene abundances,in comparison to the Control ***,the substitution of organic manure for inorganic N fertilizer significantly decreased AOB and nirS gene abundances and increased nosZ gene *** AOB responded to N fertilization more sensitively than the *** N_(2)O emissions significantly correlated positively with AOB and nirS gene abundances while having a negative correlation with nosZ gene abundance and the nosZ/nirS ratio across N-fertilized *** summary,we conclude that organic manure substi

关键词： organic manure substitution inorganic fertilizer N_(2)O functional microbe rice paddy

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Effects of Long-Term Application of inorganic fertilizers on Biochemical Properties of a Rice-Planting Red Soil

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Pedosphere 2007年第4期17卷 419-428页

作者： ZHONG Wen-Hui CAI Zu-Cong ZHANG He State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture Institute of Soil Science Chinese Academy of Sciences Nanjing 210008 （China）. College of Chemistry and Environmental Science Nanjing Normal University Nanjing 210097 （China）

A long-term experiment was set up in Yingtan of Jiangxi Province to investigate the effects of long-term application of inorganic fertilizers on the biochemical properties of a rice-planting soil derived from Quaternary red earth. Noncultivated soils are extremely eroded and characterized by a low pH and deficiencies in available nutrients, in particular P and N. After 13 years of inorganic fertilization in cultivation for double-cropped rice, the biochemical properties of the soil were changed. The nitrification potential and urease activity were higher in the treatments with N application than those without N application, Acid phosphatase activity and dehydrogenase activity were also higher in the treatments with P application than in those without P application. The dehydrogenase activity correlated well with the concentrations of both total P and hydrolysable N and with rice crop yield, suggesting that dehydrogenase activity might be a suitable indicator for improvement in soil fertility.

关键词： enzyme ergosterol inorganic fertilizer nitrification potential rice-planting red soil

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Effects of Green Manure and inorganic fertilizers on the Growth, Yield and Yield Components of Soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) in the Mount Cameroon Region

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2022年第5期13卷 702-721页

作者： Enow Andrew Egbe Nkeutcha Marietta Solange Soupi Miranda Egbe Awo George Ayamba Besong Department of Plant Science Faculty of Science University of Buea Buea Cameroon Faculty of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine University of Buea Buea Cameroon

This study evaluates the effects of green manure, inorganic fertilizers and their combinations on the growth and yield of soybeans in the Mount Cameroon Region. The experiment involved 10 treatments which include, 5 Mg/ha green manure, 180 Kg P/ha triple superphosphate fertilizer (P), 180 Kg/ha NPK (20:10:10), 2 Mg/ha green manure + 90 kg P/ha, 3 Mg/ha green manure + 90 kg P/ha, 5 Mg/ha green manure + 90 Kg P, 2 Mg/ha green manure + 90 kg NPK/ha, 3 Mg/ha green manure + 90 kg NPK/ha, 5 Mg/ha green manure + 90 kg NPK and a control. Plant growth characters were assessed every 14 days for a period of 70 days for the late (August) and early (March) planting seasons. The results indicated that plants supplied with 5 Mg/ha green manure had the highest plant heights of 60.7 cm, and this was significantly different from the control which had the least height (52.76 cm). Stem collar diameter was significantly (p 0.001) increased with treatments in both seasons. Plants supplied with 5 Mg/ha green manure recorded the highest stover yield (10.59 Mg/ha), and this was significantly different from the control which had the least (6.64 Mg/ha). Plants supplied with 5 Mg/ha green manure had the highest days to flowering (38 days), while plants supplied with 5 Mg/ha green manure + 90 Kg NPK had the least (33 days) which was significantly different (p 0.01). The highest number of pods per plant was observed in plants supplied with 5 Mg/ha green manure (57 pods per plants), which was significantly different from the control (39 pods per plant). Plants supplied with 5 Mg/ha green manure + 90 Kg NPK recorded the highest grain yield (4.97 Mg ha-1), while the lowest grain yield was observed in the control (2.22 Mg ha-1). Results from this study can be used by soybeans farmers in the Mount Cameroon region to enhance productivity of this crop and thereby improving their living standards and food security in Cameroon.

关键词： Green Manure inorganic fertilizer Flowering Period Pod Formation Yield Soybeans

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Effects of inorganic fertilizers on biological nitrogen fixation and seedling growth of some agroforestry trees in Bangladesh

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Journal of Forestry Research 2008年第4期19卷 303-306页

作者： Mohammad Belal Uddin Mohammed Abu Sayed Arfin Khan Sharif Ahmed Mukul Mohammed Kamal Hossain Dep. of For. and Env. Sci School of Agriculture and Mineral SciencesShahjalal University of Science and Technology Department of Biogeography University of Bayreuth Institute of Forestry and Environmental Sciences University of Chittagong

The effects of different inorganic fertilizers （Urea and Triple Super Phosphate （TSP）） on seedling growth and nodulation capabilities of four agroforestry tree species （Albizia chinensis, A. saman, Acacia nilotica and Sesbania sesban） were compared. The nodulation of these seedlings were treated with different fertilizer treatments （at the rate of urea 40 kg·hm^-2, urea 80 kg·hm^-2 TSP 40 kg·hm^-2, TSP 80 kg·hm^-2, （urea＋TSP） 40 kghm 2 and （urea＋TSP） 80 kg·hm^-2） after one month of seed germination. The results revealed that the seedling growth was enhanced significantly with moderate fertilizer treatment. In some cases, the higher levels of fertilizers reduced the seedling growth. The study also revealed that the nodulation in nodule number and size was significantly inhibited by the application of N fertilizer （Urea）, while it was increased significantly with the application of P fertilizer （TSP）. This study improved our understanding and provided insights that would be useful to the farmers in their efforts to amend the soil with inorganic fertilizers in order to enhance plant growth and biological nitrogen fixation.

关键词： inorganic fertilizer urea Triple Super Phosphate (TSP) agroforestry Albizia chinensis A. saman Acacia nilotica Sesbania sesban

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Profile Distributions of Dissolved and Colloidal Phosphorus as Affected by Degree of Phosphorus Saturation in Paddy Soil

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Pedosphere 2013年第1期23卷 128-136页

作者： ZANG Ling TIAN Guang-Ming LIANG Xin-Qing HE Miao-Miao BAO Qi-Bei YAO Jin-Hua Department of Environmental Engineering Zhejiang University

Soil dissolved phosphorus (P) and colloidal P mobilization could be closely related to the degree of phosphorus saturation (DPS). Effects of a wide range of DPS on the distributions of dissolved P and colloidal P in a paddy soil profile were investigated in this study. Dissolved P and colloidal P in water-dispersible soil colloid suspension increased obviously with increasing DPS. The change point of DPS was at 0.12 by using a split-line model. Above the value, dissolved P (3.1 mg P kg-1 ) in soil profile would increase sharply and then transfer downward. Compared with dissolved P, colloidal P was the dominant fraction (78%-91%) of P in soil colloid suspension, and positively related to DPS without a significant change point. The high release of colloids in subsoils with low DPS was attributed to the low ionic strength and high pH value in subsoils. The DPS also had a significant and positive correlation with electrical conductivity (EC), but it showed a negative correlation with pH value. However, the concentration of colloidal P was not greatly correlated to the pH value, EC and optical density of the soil colloid suspension. The results indicated that DPS was an important factor that may affect the accumulation and mobilization of water-extractable colloidal P and dissolved P.

关键词： inorganic fertilizer ionic strength manure split-line model water-dispersible soil colloid

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