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Limb symmetry index in competitive alpine ski racers:Reference values and injury risk identification according to age-related performance levels

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2018年第4期7卷 405-415页

作者： Lisa Steidl-Müller Carolin Hildebrandt Erich Müiller Christian Fink Christian Raschner Department of Sport Science University oflnnsbruekInnsbruck 6020Austria Department of Sport Science and Kinesiology University of SalzburgSalzburg 5400Austria Research Unit for Orthopedic Sports Medicine and injury Prevention Institute of Psychology（ISAG）The Health ＆ Life Sciences University（UMIT）Innsbruck 6020Austria Gelenkpunkt-Sports and Joint Surgery Innsbruck 6020Austria Corresponding author.E-mail address：lisa.steidl-mueller@uibk.ac.at

Purpose： The aims of this study were to assess differences of limb symmetry index （LSI） in strength- and coordination-related tasks between high-level, competitive, noninjured ski racers of different age-related performance levels and to prospectively assess limb differences as a possible risk factor for traumatic and overuse injury in youth ski racers. Methods： The study （Study 1） included 285 high-level competitive ski racers （125 females, 160 males） of 3 age-related performance levels and based on the school system： 95 youth （10-14 years, secondary modem school）, 107 adolescent （15-19 years, grammar school）, and 83 elite athletes （20-34 years）. To investigate the second aim （Study 2）, 67 of the 95 youth athletes were included and any traumatic or overuse injuries were prospectively recorded over 2 seasons. All athletes performed 4 unilateral tests （strength related： one-leg counter movement jump （OL-CMJ） and one-leg isometric/isokinetic press strength test （OL-ILS）; coordination related： one-leg stability test （OL-ST） and one-leg speedy jump test （OL-SJ））. The LSI was calculated by dividing the dominant leg by the nondominant leg and multiplying by 100. Kruskal-Wallis H tests and binary logistic regression analyses were conducted. Results： There were significant differences between the LSI of the 3 age-related performance-level groups only in the strength-related tests： the OL-CMJ （X^2（2, 285） = 9.09; p = 0.01） and the OL-ILS （X^2（2,285） = 14.79; p 〈 0.01）. The LSI for OL-ILS was found to be a significant risk factor for traumatic injury in youth ski racers （Wald = 7.08; p 〈 0.01）. No significant risk factors were found for overuse injuries. Conclusion： Younger athletes display slightly greater LSI values only in the strength-related tests. The cut-off value of limb differences of 〈 10% for return to sport decisions seems to be appropriate for elite athletes, but for youth and adolescent athletes it has to be critically discussed. It seems to be necessary to defi

关键词： Age-related performance levels Alpine ski racing injury risk Limb differences Youth athletes

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Blast injury risks to humans within a military trench

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2024年第10期40卷 91-104页

作者： Idan E.Edri National Building Research Institute Technion-Israel Institute of TechnologyTechnion CityHaifa 32000Israel

In land warfare,trenches serve as vital defensive fortifications,offering protection to soldiers while engaging in ***,despite their protective function,soldiers often sustain injuries within these *** lack of corresponding blast data alongside empirical injury reports presents a significant knowledge gap,particularly concerning the blast pressures propagating within trench spaces following nearby *** absence hinders the correlation between blast parameters,trench geometry,and reported injury cases,limiting our understanding of blast-related risks within *** paper addresses the critical aspect of blast propagation within trench systems,essential for evaluating potential blast injury risks to individuals within these *** advanced computational fluid dynamics(CFD)simulations,the study comprehensively investigates blast injury risks resulting from explosions near military *** a sophisticated computational model,the research analyzes the dynamic blast effects within trenches,considering both geometrical parameters and blast characteristics influenced by explosive weight and scaled *** numerical simulations yield valuable insights into the impact of these parameters on blast injury risks,particularly focusing on eardrum rupture,lung injury,and traumatic brain injury levels within the *** findings elucidate distinct patterns of high-risk zones,highlighting unique characteristics of internal explosions due to confinement and venting dynamics along the *** study underscores the significance of detailed numerical modeling in assessing blast injury risks and provides a novel knowledge base for understanding risks associated with explosives detonating near military *** insights gained contribute to enhancing safety measures in both military and civilian contexts exposed to blast events near trench structures.

关键词： Trench Blast injury risk Eardrum rupture Lung injury Traumatic brain injury

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The Effects of a Four-Week Neuromuscular Training Program on Landing Kinematics in Pre-and Post-Peak Height Velocity Male Athletes

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Journal of Science in Sport and Exercise 2021年第1期3卷 37-46页

作者： Paul J.Read Jon L.Oliver Ian J.Dobbs Megan A.Wong Nakul Tumkur Anil Kumar Rhodri S.Lloyd Institute of Sport Exercise and HealthUniversity College LondonLondonUK School of Sport and Exercise University of GloucestershireGloucesterUK School of Sport and Health Sciences Cardiff Metropolitan UniversityCardiffUK Sport Performance Research Institute New Zealand(SPRINZ)AUT UniversityAuckland Centre for Sport Science and Human Performance Waikato Institute of TechnologyHamiltonNew Zealand

Purpose Neuromuscular training aims to enhance motor skill competency and increase muscle ***,the effectiveness of short-duration interventions focused on addressing lower limb injury risk factors in male youth athletes at different stages of maturity remains *** Forty-eight young male academy cricket players[pre-peak height velocity(PHV)(n=26)and post-PHV(n=22)]were subdivided into an experimental group(EXP)who completed a 4-week progressive neuromuscular training program and controls(CON)participating in sport training *** in injury risk were examined using the Tuck Jump Assess-ment(TJA)and Landing Error Scoring System(LESS).Results Total LESS score was significantly lower in both EXP maturity groups compared to CON following the 4-week program(10 to 6 and 6 to 4(~20%to 40%))in the pre-and post-PHV EXP groups,*** within-group reductions in total LESS score were shown for the pre-PHV EXP group only(Pinjury risk irrespective of maturity,but their effects are somewhat influenced by stage of maturation and the task performed.

关键词： injury risk Maturation Landing

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Identifying sex-specific injury predictors as a key factor in maintaining optimal physical activity levels

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2023年第3期14卷 146-154页

作者： Maria V Sankova Vladimir N Nikolenko Marine V Oganesyan Andjela D Vovkogon Aida N Gadzhiakhmedova Tatyana S Zharikova Yury O Zharikov Department of Human Anatomy and Histology I.M.Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University(Sechenov University)Moscow 125009Russia Department of Normal and Topographic Anatomy Lomonosov Moscow State UniversityMoscow 119991Russia European Osteopathic Clinical Center of the Moscow Branch of the“Medical Academy of Osteopathic Education” Saint Petersburg 199106Russia Institute of Clinical Medicine I.M.Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University(Sechenov University)Moscow 119991Russia

BACKGROUND Optimal physical activity is known to reduce cardiovascular,respiratory and endocrine system diseases and,as a consequence,improve quality of *** important risk factor for reinjuries during normal exercise is the initial connective tissue *** variety of clinical dysplastic manifestations significantly complicate the timely diagnosis of this *** To establish pathognomonic sex-specific dysplasia phenotypes that indicate a particular sensitivity to physical *** The study involved 117 participants with recurrent musculoskeletal injuries that occurred during normal *** were 67 women(57.26%)and 50 men(42.74%),which made it possible to compare the presence of the identified signs between sexes.A validated questionnaire was used to screen their connective tissue *** Ranking the most commonly revealed dysplasia signs depending on their clinical significance made it possible to establish pathognomonic sex-specific phenotypes that indicated a particular susceptibility to *** programs of optimal physical activity are necessary for men with chest deformities,flat-valgus feet,dolichostenomelia,arachnodactylia,hemorrhoids,abdominal muscle diastasis and recurrent *** women,special sensitivity to physical exertion was associated with a combination of signs such as asthenic body,joint hypermobility,overly soft auricles,thin hyperelastic skin,atrophic striae,telangiectasias and varicose *** particular importance were universal signs such as gothic palate,scoliosis,kyphosis,leg deformities,temporomandibular joint crunching,and moderate to high *** Participants’connective tissue condition should be considered when designing optimal physical activity *** the established sex-specific dysplasia phenotypes will allow timely optimization of training loads,thus reducing the risk of injury.

关键词： injury risk Physical activity Connective tissue condition Sex-specific dysplasia phenotypes Clinical dysplastic manifestations

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Effect of turf on the cutting movement of female football players

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2014年第4期3卷 314-319页

作者： Gerda Strutzenberger Hue-Man Cao Janina Koussev Wolfgang Potthast Gareth Irwin School of Sport Cardiff Metropolitan UniversityCardiff CF236XD.UK Department of Sport and Sport Science and Kinesiology University of SalzburgHallein-Rif 5400Austria Institute of Biomechanics and Orthopaedics German Sport University CologneCologne 50933Germany

Purpose： The globalisation of artificial turf and the increase in player participation has driven the need to examine injury risk in the sport of football. The purpose of this study was to investigate the surface--player interaction in female football players between natural and artificial turf. Methods： Eight university level female football players performed an unanticipated cutting manoeuvre at an angle of 30° and 60°, on a regulation natural grass pitch （NT） and a 3G artificial turf pitch （AT）. An automated active maker system （CodaSport CXS System, 200 Hz） quantified 3D joint angles at the ankle and knee during the early deceleration phase of the cutting, defined from foot strike to weight acceptance at 20% of the stance phase. Differences were statistically examined using a two-way （cutting angle, surface） ANOVA, with an α level of p 〈 0.05 and Cohen＇s d effect size reported. Results： A trend was observed on the AT, with a reduction in knee valgus and internal rotation, suggesting a reduced risk of knee injury. This findings highlight that AT is no worse than NT and may have the potential to reduce the risk of knee injury. The ankle joint during foot strike showed large effects for an increase dorsiflexion and inversion on AT. A large effect for an increase during weight acceptance was observed for ankle inversion and external rotation on AT. Conclusion： These findings provide some support for the use of AT in female football, with no evidence to suggests that there is an increased risk of injury when performing on an artificial turf. The ankle response was less clear and further research is warranted. This initial study provides a platform for more detailed analysis, and highlights the importance of exploring the biomechanical changes in performance and injury risk with the introduction of AT.

关键词： Artificial turf Football-specific movement Gender injury risk Kinematics

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Characteristics and related factors of nonfatal injuries among adolescents and college students in Shenzhen city of China

Characteristics and related factors of nonfatal injuries amo...

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作者：周丽 Dingyan Chen Guoying Dong Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention

Background:Injuries impart adolescents and young adults in unique *** purpose of this study was to determine the incidence rate of nonfatal injuries,and identify characteristics and risk factors for the injuries among adolescents and college students in Shenzhen,***:A total of 4,138 students from 79 classes were selected using a purposive sampling method in *** questionnaire included personal demographics,behavioral factors,and self-perceived *** multivariate logistic regression models were used to explore the risk factors of ***:The annual incidence rate of nonfatal injuries was 13.5%.Injuries were significantly correlated with gender(boys ***,adjusted odds ratio[OR],1,58,95%confidence interval[CI],1.30-1.93) and self-perceived agrypnia(sometimes ***,adjusted OR,1.64,95%CI,1.31-2.05;often ***,adjusted OR,2.34,95%CI,1.74-3.14),attending PE class(>2 classes/week vs.risk factors may be effective for the prevention of injuries.

关键词： injury risk injury rate Adolescent Students

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