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Chinese Chemical Letters 1999年第7期10卷 611-614页

作者： Zhi Feng FU Yan SHI Ming Zhi HUANG Shu Ke JIAO(Department of Polymer Science. Beijing University of Chemical Technology. Beijing 100029) Beijing Univ Chem Technol Dept Polymer Sci Beijing 100029 Peoples R China

The atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) of methyl methacrylate using α.α dichlorotoluene or α.α.α-trichlorotoluene as the initiator and CuCl/2.2'-bipyridine complex as the catalyst was investigated. α,α-Dichlorotoluene gave good control of molecular weight with high initiation efficiency and low polydispersity. While α.α.α-trichlorotoluene gave very slow polymerization rate. which could be improved by the addition of Cu (0) to the system.

关键词： atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP),methyl methacrylate initiator

A natural component as initiator for photopolymerization of 1,6-hexanedioldiacrylate

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2007年第6期18卷 750-753页

作者： Su Qing Shi Hong Gao Jun Nie Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers of Ministry of Education Department of ChemistryWuhan UniversityWuhan 430072China State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering and College of Material Science and Engineering Beijing University of Chemical TechnologyBeijing 100029China

1,3-Benzodioxole (BDO) as a simple model compound for the BDO derivatives from natural plant was used as coinitiator for p-chlorobenzophenone (CBP) and initiator for UV photopolymerization of 1,6-hexanedioldiacrylate (HDDA), respectively. The results showed that, BDO was an effective coinitiator for CBP. Although BDO as initiator led to very low rate of polymerization, it was still meaningful for the photocuring field.

关键词： 1,3-Benzodioxole Coinitiator initiator Photopolymerization FTIR

Influence of initiator on Synthesis and Properties of Polyurethane-acrylate Hybrid Emulsion

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Journal of Wuhan University of Technology(Materials Science) 2008年第1期23卷 41-45页

作者：胡国文 SHEN Huifang FU Heqing CHEN Huanqin School of Chemical Engineering South China University of Technology Guangzhou 510640 China Department of Chemistry ＆ Life Science Xianning Colloge Xianning 437100 China

The prepolymer polyurethanes （PUs） based on isophorone diisocyanate （IPDI）, poly（propylene glycol）（PPG）, 1,4-butanediol （BDO） and dimethylopropionic acid （DMPA） were synthesized at 75-80 ℃ for 7-8 hours, using dibutyltin dilauate （DBTDL） as catalyzer, and polyurethane-acrylate hybrid emulsion was prepared after methyl methacrylate （MMA） was polymerized, using potassium persulfate and azobisisobutyronitrile （AIBN） as initiator, respectively. The influences of these factors such as the kind of initiator, the feed method of initiator and the addition of initiator on properties of polyurethane-acrylate were studied. The FTIR and GPC of aqueous polyurethane were analyzed. The FTIR spectra show that the degree of microphase-separate between the soft segments and rigid segments is high. The analysis of molecular weights stated that molecular weights increased most significantly after amine was added. The experimental results reveal that the appearance of emulsion is excellent, the film is harder and the water absorption radio of the film is less when oil-solubility AIBN is used as initiator. The semi-continuous can increase the molecular weight of polymer and the optimum amount of the initiator was 3% for MMA.

关键词： polyurethane-acrylate initiator FTIR GPC property

A New initiator Cholesteryl Chloroformate for Cupper-Based Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization of Methyl Methacrylate

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Chinese Journal of Chemistry 2004年第12期22卷 1436-1439页

作者：曹健楚娟张可达 Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Suzhou University Suzhou Jiangsu 215006 China b Department of Chemistry Yancheng Teachers College Yancheng Jiangsu 224002 China Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Suzhou University Suzhou Jiangsu 215006 China

The polymerization of metyl methacrylate (MMA) was studied in detail by use of CuCl/L as a catalyst and cho-lesteryl chloroformate (CC) as an initiator. It was found that the atom transfer radical polymerization of MMA could proceed when L equals to a multidentate aliphatic amine ligand, N,N,N',N'',N″-penta(methyl acry-late)diethylenetriamine (MA5-DETA), and no polymerization was occurred while L=2,2'-bipyridine and 1,10- phenanthroline. The linear proportionality of the molecular weights to the conversions and straight lines observed in ln[M]0/[M] versus time plots indicated that the present polymerization system had the typical controlled polymeri-zation characteristics.

关键词： ATRP initiator polymethyl methacrylate cholesteryl chloroformate

N-Chlorosuccinimide （NCS）： A Novel initiator for Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization of Methyl Methacrylate

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Chinese Journal of Chemistry 2006年第9期24卷 1214-1218页

作者：王霞艳常丽群周红张可达 Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering. Suzhou University SuZhou Jiangsu 215123 China

Atom transfer radical polymerization （ATRP） of methyl methacrylate （MMA） was achieved, using N-chlorosuccinimide （NCS） as an initiator together with catalytic system CuCl/PMDETA （N,N,N＇,N＇,N＂-pentamethyldiethylenetriamine）, CuCl/MA5-DETA （N,N＇,N＇,N＂-penta（methylacrylate）diethylenetriamine）, and CuCl/bipy （bipy= 2,2＇-bipyridyl） respectively. The results indicated that the polymerization possessed typical controlled/living radical polymerization characteristics. The analysis for terminal group of obtained polymer by ^1H NMR proved that NCS is an initiator for ATRP. In comparison with NBS, the polymerization rate was slower and the resulted polymer had narrower molecular weight distribution （MWD） when NCS was employed as the initiator.

关键词： atom transfer radical polymerization initiator methyl methacrylate N-chlorosuccinimide

Liu Wansu,physician and initiator of the'Cold School'

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Journal of Traditional Chinese Medical Sciences 2018年第3期5卷 213-214页

作者： Yinghua Huang Yongxuan Liang Tingyu Fang(译) Beijing University of Chinese Medicine Beijing 100029China Chinese Medicine Confucius Institute Hyogo College of MedicineNishinomiyaHyogoJapan 不详

Liu Wansu (courtesy name:Liu Shouzhen,circa 1120-1200) was a native of Hejian (present Hejian City,Hebei Province) in the Jin Dynasty (1115-1234),so he was also called Li Hejian by later *** was a distinguished physic... 详细信息

关键词： Liu Wansu physician initiator

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iSCSI initiator的实现概要

计算机应用 2003年第z2期23卷 239-241页

作者：路海李立清中国工程物理研究院计算机应用研究所四川绵阳621900

iSCSI已成为SAN中重要的协议。文中分析了iSCSIinitiator在操作系统中的层次框架 ,并简述了一种实现方案。

关键词： iSCSI iSCSI initiator 实现设备驱动

initiator——保守的核心启动子元件

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生命的化学 2002年第4期22卷 319-321页

作者：赵彦林贺福初军事医学科学院放射医学研究所北京100850

真核生物中蛋白质编码基因的核心启动子元件有4类:传统的TATA盒、上游核心启动子元件BRE、下游启动子元件DPE和起始子(initiator,Inr)。initiator元件指的是一段富含嘧啶的序列——PyPyA+1NT/ApyPy,转录起始点位于其中的+1位。研究表明... 详细信息

真核生物中蛋白质编码基因的核心启动子元件有4类:传统的TATA盒、上游核心启动子元件BRE、下游启动子元件DPE和起始子(initiator,Inr)。initiator元件指的是一段富含嘧啶的序列——PyPyA+1NT/ApyPy,转录起始点位于其中的+1位。研究表明它被多种转录因子识别和结合,包括TAFⅡ250、TAFⅡ150、TFⅡ-Ⅰ、YY1和RNA聚合酶Ⅱ等,反映出initiator调控的复杂性。initiator多存在于人类的管家基因、癌基因、生长因子基因和转录因子基因中,在这些基因的转录起始过程中发挥着关键作用。

关键词： initiator 核心启动子元件调节作用转录起始

An in vitro study on inhibition of hepatitis B virus expression by antisense oligodeoxynucleotides directed at HBVX translation initiator

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中国输血杂志 2001年第S1期14卷 334-页

A Comparative Study on Emulsion Polymerization Processes of Styrene Initiated by Water-soluble and Oil-soluble initiators

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Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2019年第2期37卷 142-148页

作者： Xiao-Jing Liu Yu-He Tian Yang-Cheng Lu State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering Department of Chemical Engineering Tsinghua University

The solubility of initiator determines its distribution and the roles played in emulsion polymerization as well as the final products, but this is still lack of systematic investigation. The present work focuses on this issue by comparing the kinetic behaviors and product properties of styrene emulsion polymerization initiated by 2,2-azoisobutyronitrile(AIBN) and potassium persulphate(KPS).Compared to KPS-initiated emulsion polymerization, the AIBN-initiated polymerization was found to be insensitive to the type of emulsifier, and have high polymerization rate as well as narrow molecular weight distribution and particle size distribution. This result indicates the effective free radicals are generated in micelles or colloids, which could decrease the proportion of homogeneous nucleation and make the process and product more controllable. As a consequence, there is a linear relationship between molecular weight of product and AIBN concentration in lg-lg coordinate. It provided a reference for the preparation of latexes with specified molecular weight and supported the possibility of the coexistence of multiple free radicals in one micelle or colloid when using oil-soluble initiator.

关键词： Emulsion polymerization Oil-soluble initiator Water-soluble initiator Styrene Reaction mechanism