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infra-red Thermal Imaging of the Inner Canthus: Correlates with the Temperature of the Injured Human Brain

Engineering（科研） 2012年第10期4卷 53-56页

作者： Charmaine Childs Mya Myint Zu Aung Phyo Wai Yeo Tseng Tsai Shiqian Wu Wang Li ALCNS and Department of Surgery National University of Singapore (NUS) National University Hospital (NUH) ALCNS and Department of Surgery National University of Singapore (NUS) National University Hospital (NUH) Singapore National Metrology Centre (NMC) A*Star Singapore Signal Processing Department Institute for Infocomm Research 1 Fusionopolis Way #21-01 Connexis Singapore 138632

Introduction: infra-red (IR) thermometry is a safe and valid method to determine internal and surface temperature in human subjects. Under conditions of brain damage (head injury or stroke) knowledge of changes in the temperature of intracranial tissue is justified because of the vulnerability of neurons to accelerated damage at temperatures at the upper end of the febrile range. Aim: To determine the temperature at the inner canthus (IC) of the eye as a potential surrogate for brain temperature. Methods: Invasive monitoring of deep brain structures, lateral ventricle and deep white matter. IR temperature readings obtained at right and left IC. Results: ?Strong correlations were evident between R and L IC and brain. Close, as well as poor, agreement between?? sites was shown in some patients and at some times. For right hemispheric lesions four had a better correlation between TbrV and TRIC when compared to TLIC.? When the correlation between TbrV and TLIC was better compared to TbrV and TRIC, four had a predominant right hemispheric lesion. Conclusions: Improved techniques for IR thermal imaging accuracy at the bedside has the potential to improve temperature measurement agreement. The predominant lesion side may have a bearing on maximum ipsilateral IC temperature Further studies are ongoing in this pilot study population.

关键词： Brain Temperature infra-red Thermometry Inner Canthus Thermal Imaging Eye

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Comparative Thermometery in Paediatric Age Group: Is the Non-Touch infrared Thermometer (NTIT) Reading Comparable to Regular Mercury-in-Glass Thermometer (MIGT) Reading?

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Open Journal of Pediatrics 2018年第4期8卷 303-310页

作者： Yetunde Olasinde Moninuola Ernest Gbenga Popoola Kolade Ernest Department of Paediatrics University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital Ilorin Nigeria Department of Dental Surgery University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital Ilorin Nigeria

Background: Accurate temperature measurement is a critical step in evaluating health or disease especially in children and immmunocompromised subjects;inaccurate measurement may lead to improper diagnosis, wrong treatment or inappropriate intervention. Several methods of temperature measurements exist and comparing these gives room for choosing a near ideal method in terms of speed, safety and accuracy. The study aimed to compare the forehead non touch infra-red thermometer with the axilllary mercury-in-glass method of temperature measurement in the Paediatric age-group. Methods: Study was given ethical approval as part of a larger study. Four hundred and thirty seven children aged 1 to 24 months were studied at the well-baby/immunizationclinic of the University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital over a 6-months period. Both non-touch infrared and theregular mercury-in-glass thermometers were used to take the body temperatures. Data were analysed with SPSS version 21. Pearson correlation was used to determine the relationship between the two methods of temperature measurements, while Bland-Altman method was used to test for level of agreement between them. Results: The mean age and SD was 5.81 ± 4.04 months. Pearson correlation showed a positive correlation between the axillary mercury-in-glass and forehead non-touch infra-red thermometry readings (r = 0.281, p infra-red thermometers have a good agreement and can be used interchangeably.

关键词： Axillary Mercury-in-Glass Thermometer Forehead Non-Touch infra-red Thermometer Bland-Altman

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Pharmaceutical Applications of Gas Chromatography

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Open Journal of Applied Sciences 2019年第9期9卷 683-690页

作者： Mohamed Jwaili Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry Misurata University Misurata Libya

Gas chromatography is an analytical tool for the separation of compounds in complex mixtures based on the polarity of compounds. Separation is achieved only for compounds that are volatile or that can be made volatile on derivatization of the compound using derivatizing agents. This is one of the widely accepted tools for the separation of compounds because of its simplicity, sensitivity, and effectiveness. The principle of separation of compounds depends on the partitioning behaviour difference between mobile and stationary phase, the sample is carried by a moving gas stream through a tube packed with a finely divided solid or may be coated with a film of a liquid. Different types of columns having a various composition of stationary phase are been used for the separation of different classes of compounds mixture or sample in a suitable solvent is introduced through the injector maintained at higher temperature which is capable of volatilizing the compound into the column.

关键词： Gas Chromatography Flame Ionization Detector Gas Chromatography infra-red Spectroscopy

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Evaluation of the Performance of infrared Thermography for On-Line Condition Monitoring of Rotating Machines

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Engineering（科研） 2011年第10期3卷 1030-1039页

作者： Vincent Leemans Marie-France Destain Bovic Kilundu Pierre Dehombreux 不详

This study evaluated the possibility of infrared thermography to measure accurately the temperature of elements of a rotating device, within the scope of condition monitoring. The tested machine was a blower coupled to a 500 kW electric motor, that operated in multiples regimes. The thermograms were acquired by a fixed thermographic camera and were processed and recorded every 15 minutes. Because the normal temperature variations could easily mask a drift caused by a failure, a corrected temperature was computed using autorecursive models. It was shown that an efficient temperature correction should compensate for the variations of the process, and for the ambient temperatures variations, either daily or seasonal. The standard deviation of the corrected temperature was of a few tenth of degree, making possible the detection of a drift of less than one degree and the prediction of potential failure.

关键词： infra-red Thermography Conditional Monitoring ARX

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Temperature Measurements in Neonates: Assessing the Agreement of Two Methods

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Open Journal of Pediatrics 2020年第1期10卷 224-230页

作者： Yetunde Olasinde Moninuola Ernest Gbenga Popoola Omotayo Adesiyun Kolade Ernest Department of Paediatrics Bowen University Teaching Hospital Ogbomoso Nigeria Department of Dental Surgery University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital Ilorin Nigeria Resaerch Clinician WHO Randomized Clinical Trial of Poliomyelitis Vaccines Ilorin Nigeria Department of Paediatrics University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital Ilorin Nigeria

Background: Neonatal temperature response during illness is unpredictable. Whereas accurate temperature measurement is an important diagnostic step in Neonatal practice. Abnormalties in temperature pattern may be a pointer to a sinister condition especially in neonates, whose thermoregulatory mechanism is immature. There are several methods of temperature measurements and the search for a suitable thermometry method in neonates continues. This study compared the forehead non touch infra-red thermometer (NTIT) with the axilllary mercury-in-glass (MIGT) method of temperature measurement in neonates. Method: Four hundred babies aged 1 to 28 days were recruited from the immunization clinic of the University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital between August 2016 and May 2017. Temperatures were taken using both NTIT and MIGT in the standard way and recorded.?Result: The mean age and SD was 5.10 ± 4.28?days. Pearson correlation showed a positive correlation between the Axillary Mercury-in-Glass and Forehead Non-Touch infra-red thermometry readings (r?=?0.426, p??0.001). Bland-Altman method revealed a good agreement between both methods of thermometry as 95.5% of the readings were within the limits of agreement. Conclusion: Axillary Mercury-in-Glass thermometer and Forehead Non touch infra-red thermometers have a good agreement and can be used interchangeably in neonates.

关键词： Neonates Axillary Mercury-in-Glass Thermometer Forehead Non-Touch infra-red Thermometer Bland-Altman

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Re-Thinking Biology—I. Maxwell’s Demon and the Spontaneous Origin of Life

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Advances in Biological Chemistry 2017年第5期7卷 170-181页

作者： Christopher Busby Charles Vyvyan Howard Environmental Research SIA 1117 Latvian Academy of Sciences Riga Latvia Centre for Molecular Biosciences University of Ulster Coleraine UK

A hypothesis is advanced in which life began from a Darwinian selection among a diversification of molecular species containing the phosphate moiety which broke the constraints implicit in the Second Law of Thermodynamics, discussed famously by Schrodinger, by obtaining energy from specific infrared frequencies located in the phosphorus-oxygen vibration at a frequency around 1000 cm-1. We propose the source of this energy was from the internal conversion of solar broadband energy by the phosphate mineral Apatite, present at the bottom of a primitive biogenesis pond. In this scenario, life is re-defined as being hotter than its environment and as using its excess energy, supplied by infra-red conversion, to react with its molecular environment and pump itself up the “entropy slope” thereby;replication is through breakages of increasingly large phosphate containing biopolymers. The idea has implications for modern explanations of living systems.

关键词： Abiogenesis Evolution infra-red Radiation Thermodynamics 2nd Law Maxwell’s Demon Phosphate

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