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Ensembles vs. information theory: supporting science underuncertainty

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Frontiers of Earth Science 2018年第4期12卷 653-660页

作者： Grey S.NEARING Hoshin V.GUPTA University of Alabama Department of Geological SciencesTuscaloosaAL 35294-1152USA University of Arizona Department of Hydrology and Atmospheric SciencesTucsonAZ 85721-0158USA

Multi-model ensembles are one of the most common ways to deal with epistemic uncertainty in hydrology. This is a problem because there is no known way to sample models such that the resulting ensemble admits a measure that has any systematic (i.e., asymptotic, bounded, or consistent) relationship with uncertainty. Multi-model ensembles are effectively sensitivity analyses and cannot – even partially – quantify uncertainty. One consequence of this is that multi-model approaches cannot support a consistent scientific method – in particular, multi-model approaches yield unbounded errors in inference. In contrast, information theory supports a coherent hypothesis test that is robust to (i.e., bounded under) arbitrary epistemic uncertainty. This paper may be understood as advocating a procedure for hypothesis testing that does not require quantifying uncertainty, but is coherent and reliable (i.e., bounded) in the presence of arbitrary (unknown and unknowable) uncertainty. We conclude by offering some suggestions about how this proposed philosophy of science suggests new ways to conceptualize and construct simulation models of complex, dynamical systems.

关键词： information theory multi-model ensembles Bayesian methods uncertainty quantification hypothesis testing

information theory: 50 Years of Discovery

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An　information　theory　Approach　to　the　Data　Compression　and　Imaging　System　for　Synthetic　Aperture　Radar　（SAR）

2000年

作者： Sergio Verd¿ Steven W. McLaughlin

ISBN: (纸本)9780780353633

"In 1948 Claude Shannon published the paper that single-handedly started the field of information theory, ""The Mathematical theory of Communication."" This groundbreaking paper laid the foundation for virtually all aspects of modern-day communications. Now information theory celebrates the discovery of this dynamic field with a major collection of 25 tutorial articles spanning the last 50 years. With over 3,000 references, this book is an ideal resource for industry researchers, practicing engineers, and graduate students in communications, signal processing, and computing. Compiled by the editors of the IEEE Transactions on information theory, these articles have been written by leaders in the field, providing insightful introductions and useful summaries of 50 years of work on the theory and practice of * Data compression * Error correction * Modulation and coding * Detection and estimation * Shannon theory * Signal processing. information theory comes complete with a CD-ROM that includes the author, subject, and transaction indexes of the IEEE Transactions in information theory Digital Library. The CD-ROM also includes a complete listing of, and hyperlinks to, all papers from IEEE Transactions on information theory since its inception in 1953." Sponsored by: IEEE information theory Society

关键词： information theory

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Journal of Systems Engineering and Electronics 1995年第1期6卷 1-15页

作者： Xiao Yongxin Peng Hailiang and Chen Zongzhi(Institute of Electronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100080, P. R. China.) Institute of Electronics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100080 P. R. China

Synthetic aperture radar (SAR) is portrayed as a multiple access channel. An information theory approach is applied to the SAR imaging system, and the information content about a target that can be extracted from its radar image is evaluated by the average mutual information measure. A conditional (transition) probability density function (PDF) of the SAR imaging system is derived by analyzing the system and a closed form of the information content is found. It is shown that the information content obtained by the SAR imaging system from an independent sample of echoes will decrease and the total information content obtained by the SAR imaging system will increase with an increase in the number of looks. Because the total average mutual information is also used to define a measure of radiometric resolution for radar images, it is shown that the radiometric resolution of a radar image of terrain will be improved by spatial averaging. In addition, the imaging process and the data compression process for SAR are each treated as an independent generalized communication channel. The effects of data compression upon radiometric resolution for SAR are studied and some conclusions are obtained.

关键词： Synthetic aperture radar (SAR) information theory data compression radiometric resolution,probability density function (PDF) multiple access channel average mutual information

An information theory perspective on computational vision

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Frontiers of Electrical and Electronic Engineering in China 2010年第3期5卷 329-346页

作者： Alan YUILLE Department of Statistics University of California at Los AngelesLos AngelesCA 90095USA

This paper introduces computer vision from an information theory *** discuss how vision can be thought of as a decoding problem where the goal is to find the most efficient encoding of the visual *** requires probabilistic models which are capable of capturing the complexity and ambiguities of natural *** start by describing classic Markov Random Field(MRF)models of *** stress the importance of having efficient inference and learning algorithms for these models and emphasize those approaches which use concepts from information *** we introduce more powerful image models that have recently been developed and which are better able to deal with the complexities of natural *** models use stochastic grammars and hierarchical *** are trained using images from increasingly large ***,we described how techniques from information theory can be used to analyze vision models and measure the effectiveness of different visual cues.

关键词： computer vision pattern recognition information theory minimum description length Markov random field(MRF)model stochastic grammars

information theory Model for Radiation

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Journal of Applied Mathematics and Physics 2016年第8期4卷 1610-1616页

作者： Philipp Kornreich 1090 Wien Austria King of Prussia 19406 USA

information based models for radiation emitted by a Black Body which passes through a scattering medium are analyzed. In the limit, when there is no scattering this model reverts to the Black Body Radiation Law. The advantage of this mathematical model is that it includes the effect of the scattering of the radiation between source and detector. In the case when the exact form of the scattering mechanism is not known a model using a single scattering parameter is derived. A simple version of this model is derived which is useful for analyzing large data.

关键词： information theory Maximum information Entropy Scattering Conditional Entropy

information theory and Its Relation to Machine Learning

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Information Theory and Its Relation to Machine Learning

2015年中国智能自动化学术会议

作者： Bao-Gang Hu National Laboratory of Pattern Recognition Institute of Automation Chinese Academy of Sciences

In this position paper, I first describe a new perspective on machine learning(ML) by four basic problems(or levels), namely "What to learn?", "How to learn?", "What to evaluate?", and "What to adjust?". The paper stresses more on the first level of "What to learn?", or "Learning Target Selection". Toward this primary problem within the four levels, I briefly review the existing studies about the connection between information theoretical learning(ITL [1]) and machine learning. A theorem is given on the relation between the empirically-defined similarity measure and information measures. Finally, a conjecture is proposed for pursuing a unified mathematical interpretation to learning target selection.

关键词： Machine learning Learning target selection Entropy information theory Similarity Conjecture

A self-adaptive AP selection method based on information theory in the fingerprint location scene

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A self-adaptive AP selection method based on information the...

第十一届中国卫星导航年会

作者： Chengxi Zeng Zhongliang Deng Jingyao Wang Yao Zhang Zhixia Xi Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications China Academy of information and communication Technology Beijing Automotive Technology Center

With the improvement of location technology,the demand for location-based application services *** commonly used global navigation satellite system has a poor performance in the center of the ci

关键词： fingerprint location AP selection information theory self-adaptive

A Recursive Method of Learning Bayesian Network for Rule Extraction Based on information theory

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A Recursive Method of Learning Bayesian Network for Rule Ext...

第一届建立和谐人机环境联合学术会议（HHME2005）

作者： Yangu Zhang1,Ming Yao2, Bin Shen2 1 (School of Computer Science & Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027) 2 (School of Computer,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou,Zhejiang 310028)

This paper presents a kind of recursive method for learning Bayesian networks (BNs) used to mine correlation rules. Starting from the target attributes (results), candidate attributes that impose on t

关键词： Rule extraction Bayesian network information theory recursive method.

Control over Communication Networks:Trend and Challenges in Integrating Control theory and information theory

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Control over Communication Networks:Trend and Challenges in ...

第三十届中国控制会议

作者： XIE Lihua School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering,Nanyang Technological University,Singapore 639798

＜正＞With the development of theories of control,communication and information,networked control systems have attracted increasing interests of researchers and *** this paper,we emphasize that there is an inevitable trend towards a joint design of communication and control in networked control *** basics of communication and information theory and some recent developments in networked control are *** particular,our focus is on network requirements such as channel capacity and data rate for stabilization over unreliable channels with limited *** challenges in filling in the gap between control theory and information theory are highlighted.

关键词： Channel Capacity Communication Network Control theory information theory Networked Control System