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Resolving the information paradox with Probabilistic Spacetime

Journal of High Energy Physics, Gravitation and Cosmology 2023年第1期9卷 83-99页

作者： Dennis M. Doren James Harasymiw Wisconsin USA

It has been 50 years since Hawking described the black hole (BH) information paradox. The combination of BH radiation and subsequent BH evaporation was found to take trapped information into oblivion contrary to the law of conservation of quantum information. Numerous attempts have been made since to resolve this paradox. A brief review herein documents how all these attempts have significant shortcomings, meaning the paradox is still unresolved. A relatively new cosmological theory offers a resolution despite not being developed for that purpose. The theory, entitled the probabilistic spacetime theory (PST), starts with an alteration in one basic assumption compared to all current cosmological theories. Spacetime, instead of being seen as a void or container of other entities, is viewed as the most fundamental entity in the universe, composed of energy fragments, and (in keeping with the conservation principle) impermeable to destruction. The potential contribution of the PST in resolving the information paradox is delineated, with the finding that the single change in the conceptualization of spacetime results in the disappearance of the paradox and not information.

关键词： information paradox Hawking Radiation Probabilistic Spacetime Black Holes Energy Fragment

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Quantum Tunneling of Massive Particles from a Garfinkle-Horowitz-Strominger Dilatonic Black Hole

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2006年第4X期46卷 766-768页

作者： GAO Li LIU Wen-Biao Department of Physics Institute of Theoretical Physics Beijing Normal University Beijing 100875 China

Hawking radiation is viewed as a process of quantum tunneling. The massive particles＇ tunneling from Garfinkle-I-Iorowitz-Strominger black hole is investigated. Using Jingyi Zhang＇s de Broglie wave method, we get th... 详细信息

关键词： Hawking radiation quantum tunneling information paradox black hole

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Schrodinger and Klein-Gordon theories of black holes from the quantization of the Oppenheimer and Snyder gravitational collapse

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2023年第9期75卷 122-135页

作者： Christian Corda SUNY Polytechnic Institute 13502 UticaNew YorkUSAIstituto Livi59100 PratoTuscanyItaly and International Institute for Applicable Mathematics and Information SciencesB M Birla Science CentreAdarshnagarHyderabad 500063India

The Schrodinger equation of the Schwarzschild black hole(BH) has been recently derived by the author and collaborators. The BH is composed of a particle, the 'electron', interacting with a central field, the 'nucleus'. Via de Broglie's hypothesis, one interprets the 'electron' in terms of BH horizon's modes. Quantum gravity effects modify the BH semi-classical structure at the Schwarzschild scale rather than at the Planck scale. The analogy between this BH Schrodinger equation and the Schrodinger equation of the s states of the hydrogen atom permits us to solve the same equation. The quantum gravitational quantities analogous of the fine structure constant and of the Rydberg constant are not constants, but the dynamical quantities have well-defined discrete spectra. The spectrum of the 'gravitational fine structure constant' is the set of non-zero natural numbers. Therefore, BHs are well-defined quantum gravitational systems obeying Schrodinger's theory: the 'gravitational hydrogen atoms'. By identifying the potential energy in the BH Schrodinger equation as being the gravitational energy of a spherically symmetric shell, a different nature of the quantum BH seems to surface. BHs are self-interacting, highly excited,spherically symmetric, massive quantum shells generated by matter condensing on the apparent horizon, concretely realizing the membrane paradigm. The quantum BH described as a'gravitational hydrogen atom' is a fictitious mathematical representation of the real, quantum BH, a quantum massive shell having a radius equal to the oscillating gravitational *** consequences emerge from this result:(i) BHs have neither horizons nor singularities;(ii) there is neither information loss in BH evaporation, nor BH complementarity, nor firewall paradox. These results are consistent with previous ones by Hawking, Vaz, Mitra and ***, the special relativistic corrections to the BH Schrodinger equation give the BH Klein–Gordon equation and the cor

关键词： quantum black holes information paradox quantum shells quantum levels Schrodinger and Klein-Gordon theories

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Why Geometry Radiates: Quantum Gravity as Perspective

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Journal of Modern Physics 2016年第6期7卷 489-500页

作者： Rob Langley Norwich UK

It is reasonably expected 1) that a theory of quantum gravity will unify the extremes of scale currently described by General Relativity and quantum mechanics, and 2) that black holes are the crucible from which a theory of quantum gravity will emerge. In perspective, we already have a mechanism that links the local, macroscopic frame with the remote, apparently microscopic frame. A simple mathematical principle acts as a limit on D(n), suggesting a “maximum physical reality”, and that effects which are clearly perspectival at D=3 become “more real” (effectively observer-independent) with each D(n) increment. The model suggests alternative interpretations of gravitation and the quantum, entanglement, space, the Standard Model of particles and interactions, black holes, the measurement problem and the information paradox.

关键词： Quantum Gravity Black Holes Entanglement Firewalls ER = EPR information paradox

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