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Influence of Re-Greening on the infiltrability of Soils in South-Central Niger

Journal of Water Resource and Protection 2014年第19期6卷 1731-1742页

作者： Adamou Mahaman Moustapha Issoufou Baggnian Nazoumou Yahaya Toudou Adam Faculty of Agronomy Abdou Moumouni University Niamey Niger Faculty of Sciences and Technics Abdou Moumouni University Niamey Niger

In the Sahel, the climate and the agricultural practices are the main factors used to observe regreening process. But the extension of the latter not being uniform in the farming fields, we can suppose that there are other factors that contribute to the re-greening of certain zones and not others. The infiltrability of soils is considered as an important factor for these changes in the last decades. The influence of re-greening on the infiltrability of soils in the southern strip of Niger was studied through a comparison of zones according to the type of sandy soils (Jigawa/Rerey), siltyclay (Guiéza), silty-sandy (Hako) and clay-silty-sandy (Laka). The evaluated parameters are the texture, the infiltrability and the ecological characteristics (specific index of regeneration “SIR” and the Importance Value Index “IVI”). The main conclusions were: the soils of Niger South-Central are characterized by a sandy texture for more than 80%. The soils which are very sandy (“Jigawa”, “Rerey” and “Guieza”) are more permeable and have more trees contrary to the soil Hako and Laka. Their encrusting has the tendency to reduce the vegetation cover on the soil. The infiltration measurements indicated that the rate of initial and stationary infiltration diminishes while going down towards the South. In fact, it has been recorded a rate of 123 mm/min of initial infiltration and 87 mm/min stationary in Dan Saga on the sandy soils against 76 mm/min and 65 mm/min in Daré respectively for the initial and stationary rate. Therefore, the infiltration seems to influence the density, the SIR and the IVI of the trees from the North towards the South. Some additional work is necessary in order to determine the contribution of Farmer Managed Natural Regeneration (FMNR) in the improvement of the quality of soils and the movement of water in the superficial zones of the soil.

关键词： infiltrability Specific Index of Regeneration Importance Value Index Superficial Zones

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Agroforestry Trees Improve Water infiltrability in Semi-arid Tropical Parklands in Burkina Faso

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Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology(A) 2018年第5期8卷 262-273页

作者： Zomboudré Georges Ilstedt Ulrik Gnankambary Zacharia Nyberg Gert SoméLéopold Guinko Sita Malmer Anders Department of Natural Resource Management Institute for Environment and Agricultural Research(INERA)04 BP 8645 Ouagadougou 04Burkina Faso Department of Forest Ecology and Management Swedish University of Agricultural SciencesSE-901 83Umea Sweden Laboratory of Biology and Plant Ecology University of Ouagadougou03 BP 7021 Ouagadougou 03Burkina Faso

Maintaining appropriate levels of soil infiltrability is important for avoiding undesirable levels of surface runoff and erosion and for maintaining adequate rates of soil and groundwater *** study was conducted with the aim of investigating the effects of Faidherbia albida(apple-ring acacia)and Vitellaria paradoxa(shea butter tree)trees and additions of inorganic fertilizer,leaves and compost on soil infiltrability in two agroforestry parkland systems in the western part of Burkina *** was measured before tilling both under and outside canopies of these trees,using tension disc and double-ring *** results show that infiltrability was 33%higher on average under than outside canopies in both agroforestry parkland *** compost,leaves and inorganic fertilizer did not improve infiltrability significantly during the study *** than 75%of the infiltrability estimates obtained using ring infiltrometers outside the canopies were lower than 40 mm/*** contrast,less than 10%of those obtained from under canopies were lower than *** could have highly significant effects on run-off,erosion and recharge since rain intensity measurements collected over three years at 30 min intervals showed that up to 35%of the annual precipitation fell with intensities≥40 mm/*** study demonstrates the potential of improving infiltrability and reducing surface runoff by managing trees appropriately in agroforestry systems in semi-arid tropics.

关键词： Agroforestry infiltrability semi-arid rainfall intensity Faidherbia albida Vitellaria paradoxa

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Micromorphology of Surface Crusts in the Knersvlakte,South Africa

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Journal of Mountain Science 2009年第2期6卷 189-196页

作者： Sarah-Jane C.Fox Anthony J.Mills Rosa M.Poch Department of Soil Science Stellenbosch UniversityStellenbosch South Africa Department of Environment and Soil Science University of LleidaRovira Roure 191 Lleida

Soils in the Knersvlakte are particularly prone to crusting and have lower inherent infiltrability than other soils across western southern Africa. Micromorphological techniques were used to examine the structure and porosity of soil crusts in the Knersvlakte to ascertain why crusting is so intense in this region. Quantile regression using boundary lines was employed to examine the relationships between infiltrability and soil properties for all samples （n = 67）. This analysis showed that infiltrability is potentially maximal at low water- dispersible ＇clay plus silt＇ content and low silt content （r^2 = 0.72 and 0.64; respectively, n = 67）（Figure 2）. The strength of crusts, pH, EC, clay mineralogy, and water-dispersible clay, silt and ＇clay plus silt＇ content were compared, and a pore analysis using optical microscopy was undertaken on images of six soil thin sections （n = 6）（circular and parallel polarizers）. Pore analysis was further undertaken on five horizontal slices of equal dimensions taken through each soil thin section. The porosity samples with low infiltrability （〈 100 mm·hr^-1, n = 4） had greater crust strength, lower porosity （both total and in the least porous slice） and greater water-dispersible ＇day plus silt＇ and silt content than the porosity samples with high infiltrability （〉 100mm·hr^-1, n = 2）. The porosity samples with low infiltrability showed a trend of lower pH and greater water dispersible clay percentage. Porosity varied within the porosity samples due to the presence of dense clay/silt bands （〈 0.5 mm in width） with relatively few air vesicles. The porosity samples with horizontal slices of low porosity （but large numbers of air vesicles） had low infiltrability, while those without slices of low porosity （and relatively few air vesicles） had high infiltrability. We conclude that the intense crusting and resultant low infiltrability of soils in the Knersvlakte appears to be related to the formation of thin, dense clay/silt bands in the

关键词： infiltrability optical microscopy porosity air vesicles

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