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Assay of ghrelin concentration in infant formulas and breast milk

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2011年第15期17卷 1971-1975页

作者： Francesco Savino Elisa Petrucci Maria Maddalena Lupica Giuliana Eva Nanni Roberto Oggero Department of Pediatrics "Regina Margherita" Children's Hospital Piazza Polonia 94-10126 Turin Italy

AIM: To test if total ghrelin is present in infant formulas. METHODS: Using a radioimmunoassay, we measured total ghrelin concentrations in 19 samples of commercial infant formulas and in 20 samples of human milk. We also determined ghrelin concentration in the serum of infants and lactating mothers. RESULTS: Ghrelin concentrations were significantly higher in artificial milk (2007.1 ± 1725.36 pg/mL) than in human milk (828.17 ± 323.32 pg/mL) (P = 0.005). The mean ghrelin concentration in infant serum (n = 56) was 1115.86 ± 42.89 pg/mL, and was significantly higher (P = 0.023) in formula-fed infants (1247.93 ± 328.07 pg/mL) than in breast-fed infants (1045.7 ± 263.38 pg/mL). The mean serum ghrelin concentration (mean ± SD) in lactating mothers (n = 20) was 1319.18 ± 140.18 pg/mL. CONCLUSION: This study provides evidence that total ghrelin is present in infant formulas. This findingraises diverse questions regarding the uptake, absorption and metabolic effects of this hormone.

关键词： Breast feeding Ghrelin Human milk infants infant formulas

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Dietary exposure assessment of perchlorate and chlorate in infant formulas marketed in Shanghai,China

Science in One Health

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Science in One Health 2024年第1期3卷 118-125页

作者： Shenghao Yu Yonghui Ge Lujing Zhang Yiqi Li Wen Zhang Chang Liu Shaojie Peng Information Application Research Center of Shanghai Municipal Administration for Market Regulation Shanghai 200030China Shanghai Institute of Quality Inspection and Technical Research Shanghai 200233China Department of Immunology and Microbiology Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai 200025China

Perchlorate and chlorate are ubiquitous pollutants that can adversely affect the thyroid function in *** study assessed the potential health risks associated with the dietary exposure of infants and young children to perchlorate and chlorate present in infant formulas available in *** assessment was based on risk monitoring data from 150 samples of infant formulas in Shanghai between 2020 and 2022,along with the dietary consumption data of infants and young *** detection rates of perchlorate and chlorate in infant formulas were 46.0%and 98.7%,with mean contents of 9.98μg/kg and 112.01μg/kg,and the maximum values of 151.00μg/kg and 1475.00μg/kg,*** mean and 95th percentile(P95)values of daily perchlorate exposure of 0-36-month-old infant and young children via infant formulas were 0.07 and 0.17μg/kg body weight(bw)per day,respectively,which were lower than the tolerable daily intake(TDI)of perchlorate(0.3μg/kg bw per day).The mean and P95 values of chlorate exposure via infant formulas in 0-36-month-old infants and young children were 0.83 and 1.89μg/kg bw per day,which were lower than the TDI of chlorate(3μg/kg bw per day).The P95 exposure of different age groups(0-6 months,7-12 months and 13-36 months)of infants and young children to perchlorate and chlorate in infant formulas was below the ***,the risk associated with the exposure of 0-36-month-old infants and young children to perchlorate and chlorate from infant formulas in Shanghai is considered *** environmental pollution control efforts to reduce the levels of perchlorate and chlorate in food products is important to safeguard the health of the infants and children under the One Health concept.

关键词： infant formulas Perchlorate Chlorate Risk monitoring Exposure assessment

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Assessment of Lipid Quality and Composition of Commercial infant Milk formulas in Mexico: Emphasis on Trans Fatty Acid Isomers

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2016年第4期7卷 273-283页

作者： Ayala-Moreno María del Rosario Fernández-Callejas José María Salvador Maldonado-Hernández Jorge Food and Health Research Group School of Chemistry Universidad La Salle Mexico City Mexico Mass Spectrometry Laboratory Research Unit in Medical Nutrition Pediatric Hospital National Medical Center “Siglo 21” Mexican Institute of Social Security Mexico City Mexico

Objective: To assess the lipid quality focusing on trans fatty acids (TFA) content of standardized milk formulas marketed in Mexico for infants aged from 0 to 36 months. Material and Methods: A total of 27 infant formulas from eight different leading brands were analyzed. Nine of them belonged to stage 1 (age 12 months). Acquired products were treated by duplicate for extraction of total lipid content with the modified Folch method before their expiration date. Fatty acids were esterified in an alkaline medium followed by an acid-catalyzed esterification. Analysis was performed on a gas chromatograph (5890 Series II;Hewlett-Packard, USA) with a flame ionization detector. Results: Thirty-four fatty acids (C8 to C22) were identified. Most products complied with ESPHAGAN compositional requirements. Only one product exceeded the suggested limit (>3%) for TFA. Long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFAs) content was consistently meager (≈78%), with low amounts of arachidonic (Conclusion: Most milk formulas complied with ESPHAGAN global recommendations. The content of TFA and LC-PUFAs was scarce in the majority of samples.

关键词： infant formulas Milk Lipid Quality TransFatty Acids

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