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Journal of Iron and Steel Research(International) 2022年第4期29卷 665-676页

作者： Jian Han Lian-meng Liu Xin-ya Chen Min-fang Chen Lei Cui Yang-chuan Cai Yin-bao Tian School of Materials Science and Engineering Tianjin University of TechnologyTianjin 300384China School of Materials Science and Engineering Tianjin UniversityTianjin 300072China

An innovative grade of ferritic stainless steel,ultra-pure 18Cr–2Mo thick plate,was designed and produced for special industrial application.In order to maintain its mechanical properties after joining,three advanced joining methods,hybrid laser arc welding,activated flux tungsten inert gas welding and friction stir welding,were selected and conducted to connect the thick plates.The feasibility of three joining methods,the microstructure and mechanical properties were compared,and the results have demonstrated that the sound joint was successfully produced using the selected parameters through friction stir welding.The obtained hardness and impact toughness of the weld zone were satisfying.In terms of activated flux tungsten inert gas welding,the crack will be created due to microstructural brittleness.And as for hybrid laser arc welding,the weld zone is narrow,and the addition of wire during welding for the top weld metal area leads to higher formation ratio of low-angle grain boundaries,which is beneficial to performance of the joint.However,there is still a weak area in the fusion line of the welded joint.The result has illustrated that the welding of innovative ultra-pure ferritic stainless steel thick plate by friction stir welding is feasible.

关键词： Ultra-pure ferritic stainless steel Hybrid welding Activated flux tungsten inert gas Friction stir welding Microstructural evolution Mechanical property

Effects of precursor moisture and inert N_2 atmosphere calcinations on structure and properties of alumina modified CeZrLaNd mixed oxides

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Journal of Rare Earths 2019年第6期37卷 609-616页

作者： Meisheng Cui Zhizhe Zhai Hao Wang Yongke Hou Yongqi Zhang Xiaowei Huang National Engineering Research Center for Rare Earth Materials General Research Institute for Nonferrous Metals Grirem Advanced Materials Co. Ltd.

CeO_2-ZrO_2 mixed oxides are widely used in the three-way catalysts due to their unique reversible oxygen storage and release capacity. Large surface area, high oxygen storage capacity and good thermal stability of cerium zirconium mixed oxides are the key properties for the automotive catalysts so as to meet the strict emission regulations. In this work, alumina modified CeZrLaNd mixed oxides were prepared by a co-precipitation method. The effects of moisture in precursor and inert N2 atmosphere during calcinations on the structure and properties were investigated by Brunauer-Emmett-Teller(BET) surface area measurements, X-ray diffraction(XRD), scanning electron microscopy(SEM), transmission electron microscopy(TEM), hydrogen temperature-programmed reduction(H_2-TPR), oxygen storage capacity(OSC), Raman spectroscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS). The results show that the moisture in precursor during calcinations increases the crystal grain size of the cerium zirconium mixed oxides, improving the thermal stability. And the aged surface area of sample after being calcined at1000 ℃ for 4 h reaches 68.8 m^2/g(5.7% increase compared with the common sample). The inert N2 atmosphere endows a great pore-enlarging effect, which leads to high fresh surface area of 148.9 m2/g(13.5% increase compared with the common sample) and big pore volume of 0.5705 mL/g. The redox and oxygen storage capacity are also improved by inert N2 atmosphere with high OSC value of 241.06μmolO_2/g(41.3% increase compared with the common calcination), due to the abundant formation of the crystal defects and oxygen vacancies.

关键词： Precursor moisture inert N2 atmosphere Calcinations Alumina modified CeZrLaNd mixed oxides Rare earths

Corrosion of Zinc Ferrite Based inert Anodes in AlF_3-NaF-Al_2O_3 Melts Under Conditions of Anodic Polarization

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Journal of Rare Earths 2006年第Z2期24卷 352-354页

作者：于先进张丽鹏董云会赵增典 School of Chemical Engineering Shandong University of Technology School of Materials and Metallurgy Northeast UniversityShenyang 110006China

ZnFe2O4-based inert anodes were made to conduct the aluminum electrolysis tests. The corrosion behaviors of the inert anodes were examined and discussed. Experiment results prove that: (1) ZnFe2O4-based inert anodes are good corrosion resistant to AlF3-NaF-Al2O3 melts under the conditions of anodic polarization; (2) High anodic current density(＞1.5 A·cm-2), high alumina concentration and low ratio of NaF/AlF3 in the molten salts will be the most important conditions for using inert anode.

关键词： ZnFe2O4-based materials inert anode anodic polarization corrosion behaviors

Effect of Ni Interlayer on Cavitation Erosion Resistance of NiTi Cladding by Tungsten inert Gas(TIG)Surfacing Process

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2020年第3期33卷 415-424页

作者： Zhen-Ping Shi Zheng-Bin Wang Ji-Qiang Wang Yan-Xin Qiao Huai-Ning Chen Tian-Ying Xiong Yu-Gui Zheng CAS Key Laboratory of Nuclear Materials and Safety Assessment Institute of Metal ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesShenyang 110016China School of Materials Science and Engineering University of Science and Technology of ChinaShenyang 110016China School of Materials Science and Engineering Jiangsu University of Science and TechnologyZhenjiang 212003China

The NiTi cladding with/without Ni interlayer was prepared on stainless steel(SS) by tungsten inert gas(TIG) surfacing process,aiming at achieving good cavitation erosion resistance.The ranking according to the cavitation erosion resistance is NiTi plate> NiTi-Ni-TIG cladding> NiTi-TIG cladding> SS.The better cavitation erosion resistance of NiTi-TIG and NiTi-Ni-TIG claddings than SS substrate is due to their higher micro-hardness and superelasticity.Furthermore,the existence of Ni interlayer can decrease the amount of brittle intermetallic compounds,such as Fe2 Ti,and inhibit the crack generation,which results in the higher cavitation erosion resistance of NiTi-Ni-TIG compared with NiTi-TIG cladding.Thus,the cavitation erosion resistance of NiTi cladding prepared by TIG surfacing process can be improved by employing Ni interlayer.

关键词： Cavitation erosion NiTi Cladding Tungsten inert gas surfacing process Ni interlayer

Inhibition of different types of inert dust on aluminum powder explosion

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2020年第7期28卷 1941-1949页

作者： Linlin Dai Lin Hao Wei Kang Wei Xu Ning Shi HongyuanWei School of Chemical Engineering and Technology Tianjin UniversityTianjin 300072China Institute of Qingdao Safety Engineering China Petroleum&Chemical CorporationQingdao 266000China

Aluminum powder explosion accidents occurred frequently,but the mechanism of aluminum powder explosion is unclear.Therefore,the inhibitive effect of aluminum powder explosion plays a key role.To evaluate the inhibition capacity of different kinds of carbonates and phosphates:Na H2PO4,(NH4)2HPO4,NH4H2PO4,KHCO3 and Na HCO3 on aluminum deflagrations,a standard 20-L spherical chamber was used to determine the explosion severity,characterized by the maximum explosion pressure(Pmax).New parameters have been proposed:the minimum significant inert concentration(MSIC)and the minimum complete inert concentration(MCIC),which characterized the effect of inert.Experimental results showed that from the minimum significant inert concentration(MSIC)and the minimum complete inert concentration(MCIC),phosphate can have a significant inhibiting effect.40%Na H2PO4 can totally inert the aluminum explosion,and 50%(NH4)2HPO4or 50%NH4H2PO4 can also suppress the explosion.Through simulation,phosphate mainly acts via a chemical inhibition pathway,which inhibits the reaction of aluminum powder and oxygen by catalyzing the recombination of H atoms and O atoms.Carbonate performs inhibition in chemically,producing CO2,diluting the oxygen around the aluminum powder.Studies indicated that the explosion pressure of the mixture decreases as the concentration of inert dust increases.However,when the concentration of carbonates was low,SEEP(suppressant enhanced explosion parameter)phenomenon was found.This research work has a potential industrial application in high hazard aluminum working condition,which can help decrease the explosion pressure and reduce the accident loss.

关键词： Aluminum dust explosion inert Carbonate Phosphate Maximum explosion pressure

Microstructure and electrolysis behavior of self-healing Cu-Ni-Fe composite inert anodes for aluminum electrowinning

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2018年第10期25卷 1208-1216页

作者： Ying Liu Yong-an Zhang Wei Wang Dong-sheng Li Jun-yi Ma State Key Laboratory of Non-Ferrous Metals and Processes General Research Institute for Nonferrous MetalsBeijing 100088China Zhengzhou Non-ferrous Metals Research Institute Co.Ltd.of CHALCO Zhengzhou 450041China

The microstructure evolution and electrolysis behavior of(Cu_(52)Ni_(30)Fe_(18))–x Ni Fe_2O_4(x=40wt%,50wt%,60wt%,and 70wt%)composite inert anodes for aluminum electrowinning were studied.Ni Fe_2O_4 was synthesized by solid-state reaction at 950°C.The dense anode blocks were prepared by ball-milling followed by sintering under a N_2 atmosphere.The phase evolution of the anodes after sintering was determined by scanning electron microscopy and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy.The results indicate that a substitution reaction between Fe in the alloy phase and Ni in the oxide phase occurs during the sintering process.The samples were also examined as inert anodes for aluminum electrowinning in the low-temperature KF–NaF–AlF_3 molten electrolyte for 24 h.The cell voltage during electrolysis and the corrosion scale on the anodes were analyzed.The results confirm that the scale has a self-repairing function because of the synergistic reaction between the alloy phase with Fe added and the oxide phase.The estimated wear rate of the(Cu_(52)Ni_(30)Fe_(18))–50Ni Fe_2O_4 composite anode is 2.02 cm·a^(-1).

关键词： aluminum electrolysis inert anode composites aluminum electrowinning corrosion

The Generation of Tunable Coherent XUV/VUV Radiations in inert Gases

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Science China Mathematics 1994年第6期37卷 718-729页

作者：田测产王鹏谦孙騊亨 Department of Physics Peking UniversityBeijing 100871PRC

Tunable coherent radiations in the range of 83-170nm have been generated in Xe,Kr and Ar by resonant and nonresonant four-wave sum-mixing,four-wave sum-differenoe-mixing and third harmonic processes.The physical mechanism for the generation of the coherent XUV/VUV radiations is investigated.Broadly tunable coherent radiation was generated by nonresonant four-wave sum-mixing for the first time below the first resonance level of nonlinear media,and multicoherence length interference between the driving polarization and induced radiation was observed.

关键词： pulsed gas jet nonlinear optical effect in inert gases coherent XUV/VUV radiation

An unexpected new catalyst promoter: ‘inert' nitrogen gas!

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National Science Review 2020年第5期7卷 832-832页

作者： Haichao Liu Mingyuan He Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering Peking University Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering East China Normal University

Molecular nitrogen （N;） is widely used as a carrier or protective gas in many catalytic reactions because of its chemical inertness and large availability in nature.Up to now, N2has not been recognized as a promoter... 详细信息

关键词： An unexpected new catalyst promoter inert nitrogen gas

From Unmanned Systems to Autonomous Intelligent Systems

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Engineering 2022年第5期8卷 16-19页

作者： Jie Chen Jian Sun Gang Wang Department of Control Science and Engineering Tongji UniversityShanghai 201804China Shanghai Research Institute for Intelligent Autonomous Systems Shanghai 200092China Key Lab of Intelligent Control and Decision of Complex Systems Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China Beijing Institute of Technology Chongqing Innovation Center Chongqing 401120China

1.Introduction Artificial intelligence(AI)is a rapidly growing field of technol-ogy,which“will enliven inert objects,much as electricity did more than a century ago.Everything that we formerly electrified will now cognitize”[1].AI advances are constantly pushing the frontier of what machines can do.Increased attention is being placed on AI research,as well as its development and deployment by commer-cial investors,defense strategists,and policy makers[2].

关键词： frontier inert policy

Origins of the Problematic Substances in Fines, for Their Acceptance at inert Landfills

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Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection 2018年第5期6卷 237-246页

作者： Soukaina Oujana Denis Sanchez Université Grenoble Alpes CNRS G-SCOP Grenoble France

Integrated solid waste management (ISWM) involves approaching solid waste in a comprehensive manner with careful selection of appropriate technology. The aim of good waste management is to push waste up the hierarchy with landfill as a last resort. However given the current sorting technology, heterogeneous residues called Fines are created, they are considered at the present time as non-sortable and non-recoverable sent to second class landfills. A previous conducted study has revealed that fines contain several problematic substances for an inert classification. This article summarizes the most important problematic substances in fines for their acceptance inert landfills. These substances were identified by analyzing several samples collected from a siting of non-hazardous solid waste in the region of Rhône-Alpes in France. Eluate Analysis and fines analysis were conducted in order to identify the presence of any component that could prevent the classification of fines in an inert landfill. The obtained results were compared with the limit values for waste acceptance in an inert landfill. The study concluded that the six top-ranking problematic substances are Copper, Mercury, Antimony, Chloride, Fluoride and Sulfates, this study gives additional information on the origins of these substances that deserves particular attention to better limit their presence in the input of fines stream.

关键词： Fines Heavy Metals inert Waste Landfill Non-Hazardous Waste